assimilate the indians and make them all like fellow americans, assimilation i think was our policy then. then another phase of the change of our historical relationship with the native americans and that is terminate the indian tribes. so in a period of 150 years, this is what we've had to do in dealing with native american communities. so now the latest phase is to recognize the indians and indians, and i can't think of a -- of a tribe that has had to endure this gruesome and awful experience over 100 years now. the largest indian tribe east of the mississippi river, recognized by the state of north carolina, 50,000 lumbee indians are not federally recognized by the government because of bigotry, racism and all the problems that these people have had to endure, and by the way, they are still there in north carolina, over 50,000 lumbee indians are not recognized because the recognition process, in my humble opinion, mr. chairman, is broken. i think we all understand historically the current system or the process of recognizing native american tribes was never done by any statutory enactment of the congress. it was done administratively by the bureaucrats. with all d

when i start looking into this, siturned into h enmous hoopla, that native american indians under federal law had right in any skeleton found under the earth over a few hundredyears old, right? beside his claim no, no, no. we want to look at this because asoid like faures. mano ivaran ds - isht y know when all the way up, it went all the way up to i think was reject but it went into the high courts, the appellate courts at least. it was my resolve on the side of the sintists agndie you'll find in that box that indiana jones has at the end of the moie. we have never heard from again. after all, of that, i tr to nopyt the ucasdlk did we learn wc d e truth is, that with the single word, i went and asked an anthropologist what does caucasoid mean? i've heard of causian but caucasoid, what does that en aesce sounding word for caucasian. to understand that this one guy said caucasoid like features and om that a cascade of mistakes and the medy of errors sostart with that story because i don't, i want to make, want to be fank, which is that most amateurs e fools amrist uris sememake istak, but s

indians, make them all like fellow americans. assimilation i think was our policy been. then another phase of the change of our historical relationship with the native americans, and that is terminate the indian tribes. so any period of 150 years, this is what we've had to do in dealing with native american communities. so now the latest phase is to recognize the indians as indians. and i can't think of a tribe that is had to endure this gruesome and awful experience, over 100 years now, the lumbee indians, the largest indian tribe east of the mississippi, recognized by the state of north carolina, 50,000 lumbee indians are not recognized, federally recognized by the government because of bigotry, racism, and all the problems that these people have had to endure. and by the way, they are still there in north carolina, over 50,000 lumbee indians are still not recognized, because the recognition process, in my humble opinion, mr. chairman, is broken. i think we all understand historically the current system of recognizing, process of recognizing native american tribes was never done by any statutory enactment of the congress. it was done administrativ

so the six major racial categories are white, african-american, asian, native hawaiian or other pacific islander, american indian or native alaska or some other race. there are six other categories. notice hispanic is not one of them because it's asked of another question, where being a hispanic or latino is seen as an ethnicity and not a race, but when you combine them all together you end up with 126 different racial and ethnic combinations. for every little level of geography in the census. so in addition to just the population data from the census we often have other kinds of data. everything that you can see on google maps you can probably put into a redistricting program. whether it's political subdivision lines like cities and counties. old district line, topical features like mountains, rivers, et cetera. highways and railroads. and then if you're one of the insiders, and sometimes the outsiders, as well, you'll have political data, such as voter registration data, political election returns, and, for example, where incumbents are going to live. one thing you should know is that in trying to assess the p

american indian literature and art from alcatraz, follows her last book. with few exceptions native americans have not had access to their own stories. the ability to tell their own stories in their own voices. instead hollywood and the media interpreted their lives not for them but to them and to the rest of us. this one beautifully rendered interdisciplinary volume the author moves us from the common images and text rendered by others to those created by diverse groups as native american voices. this book is about text, the author writes in the prologue. it addresses many other things but its main goal is to provide new ways of looking at, thinking about and making sense of native american voices. and recent american indian art, literature and film. the title, engage resistance, emerges from the author's assessment of these works as a mode of resistance against those forces that assimilated or e race altogether their lives. greater moves engaging lee and deliberately as he scituate's movies, poetry, fiction, paintings and sculpture as products of american indian sovereignty. event

the native americans, the indian tribes were scattered around illinois. this is part of what had been the larger northwest territories, and maybe we should set the context as well, the northwest territories, how they fit into american history. >> well, the northwest territory was the land northwest of the ohio river. it had been claimed by virginia by right of conquest during the revolution and, of course, george rogers clark was the key figure there. at the end of the revolution, the date that eludes me, sometimes 1780s, virginia seceded a territory, it might've in 1786 or 787 to the united states. and ceded all the land northwest of the ohio river to the united states. that include those which now ohio, indiana, illinois, wisconsin, what am i forgetting? michigan and part of minnesota for all of which were claimed by virginia at that point. it's why, for instance, kentucky claims the ohio river and its own property that the borders on the north bank because what was ceded by virginia was the land northwest of the river. so congress organized this in 178

native american community, you've got the common issue of historic trauma, the similar phenomenon in the african american community. and that gives us intergenerational phenomena where you've got abuse, you've got sexual abuse, etc., but the american indian and alaska native communities point to historical trauma as something that needs to be addressed. and, without addressing it, then you wind up essentially blaming the whole community for some of the consequences but, in fact, the community wants to deal with violence against women, incest, these transgenerational traumatic experiences that almost guarantee the next generation is going to have similar experiences. and it goes from one to the other to the other. i want to get back, also getting back to, you've got children, miss cain. are they in a way, have they received treatment with you in terms of working out some of the issues that you've experienced? i have five kids. four of my kids were taken away from me because of the way that i dealt with my trauma, the substance abuse, the convictions, and all the things that were just symptoms of my trauma, the homelessness of 19 years. so, for four of my kids, as i was giving birth to them -and they were born as a result of rapes and pros

american indian doctor. i had seen american indian nurses, but i have never seen an american indian doctor. so i got to thinking, you know, maybe we need more nativealth professionals, including doctors, working in the indian health service. that way we can change it to make it so it's better for our communities. and so i got to thinking, i'm pretty smart and i could probably be a doctor. there are other kids that don't have as good or great in my class, they are planning on being doctors. i actually was one of two native american students in my class. but i was also number one, the top of the class. there were people with grades less than minor were planning on being doctors. so i thought maybe i could be a doctor, too. why not. when i mentioned well, i think i want to be at doctor and my parents were like, what? and mentioned it to my grandmother and she was like oh, yeah, you need to be a doctors you can come back and fix this hospital here. and i'm like, yeah, whatever, sure. i just want to be a doctor. then i had to decide where to go to college. and my mother said why don't you go one of those big schools out on the east coast or harvard or

native american things. well, i mean, you know, some americans were cheating the native americans out of their land. william henry harrison, the territorial governor of indiana, like cheated the indians out of land for like a penny an acre, flimflammed them out so you can totally see why the native americans were pretty angry and the british were, like, hey we'll back you up so you can say hey, we brought that on ourselves. two real perspectives about the war of 1812. both make really good sense. you can understand why there was this soul-searching going into the war, and it wasn't like we just suddenly did it. we agonized over it for over ten years. so when you go to the ft. mchenry website, cast your vote. can you see those perspectives and then you can vote. you can print out a certificate saying i voted for or against the war of 1812. we keep a running tally of that, and we're going to read it out loud on monday, and i'll tell you this. right now the war -- the vote is trending away from the war, so it's looking like if it was the modern day, we wouldn't go to war. interesting to see how history is different and how it is the same. >> a couple more minutes with historian vince va

king philip was the british name for native american, an indian chief and there was this massive warces and the british english forces known as king phillips wore. in 1675, i quote a history book about this, the algonquin indians all over southern new england rose up against the puritan colonists, whom they had lived peacefully with for several decades. the results according to this historian, the result was the bloodiest war in american history. a terrifying conflict in which the puritans found themselves fighting with the cruelty that they had thought only from their perspective, the native indians, or capable of. that may have been a wrong perception and clearly they were fighting with great brutality on both sides. in august 1676, when the severed head of this indian leader, king philip, they captured him and they killed him and they cut off his head and they displayed it in plymouth, massachusetts. thousands of indians and english men, women and children were now dead. more than half of the new town in new england had been wiped out and the settlers sense of themselves as civili

we have a mulatto servant who married a native american and married by a preacher at the indian camp. the household she worked for, the roberts' family wrote this down, and said, "i know them and they have lived together as man and wife, and they had two children and she is deserving of his pension." it is to bring to life the real people who served on constitution. we as historians need to find the record, the letter in the national archives to help you see how we bring to life the stories of the men who served on constitution and the women and families that they left behind. throughout this exhibit we tried to bring the story to life from the point of view of the sailors themselves, so unlike a traditional museum exhibit, all of the labels are written in the first person voice as the sailors share their story with our visitors. we invite our visitors to participate in the life of a sailor. we'll with head on deck next. when you're a sailor on a ship like constitution the marines are sort of the police force at sea, and the marines will make sure everyone does their job and does it h

diabetes is a huge problem for american indians and alaska natives with the highest rates in the worldabetes is a problem of high blood sugar, but you can prevent it. i worked on some programs that show you can prevent diabetes with trying to avoid being overweight or obese, being active, and trying not to eat so much. the portion sizes people eat these days are bigger than they need to be. trying to teach people in our communities, well, you know, actually, when we were more traditional, we were more healthy. if you think about it, our an sees -- ancestors, grandfathers and grandmothers were moving more. they used to eat smaller portions of food. they used to eat more healthy foods like, you know, fruits and grains and lean meats and things like that. we did not have database in american indian communities hardly at all back 100 years ago, but now you can see everybody has it. we need to get back to some of our healthier ways of living in our culture to try to understand how to take care of the bodies. i did work on diabetes prevention programs and research related to quality, diabete

native american nations. the british went to the treaty table promising that they were going to insist on the creation of an indian buffer zone between the ohio river and the great lakes that would have been a state for indians and they abandoned that pledge at the treaty table and they never, ever again asked for something like that. so following the war, you have the opening of western territories to the u.s. and you have the rapid integration of those territories right after the war. >> hi. i have a question about the hartford convention, and i know that there was a lot of federalists out there and there was a lot of smuggling going on across the border to canada and when the hartford convention people came to washington, do you think it was a matter of bad timing because of the battle of new orleans or did they ever really have a chance to secede from the union over the war of 1812? thank you. >> briefly, i think the idea of cessation has been somewhat overblown historically. it probably was debated at hartford, but it was never really the truly sort of serious goal of the federalists. federalists wanted to se

native american. he lived 175 miles south of st. louis, he was hired to be an interpreter, he spoke four or five indian languages, including sign languagewhich was critical when they got out beyond north dakota. because he knew none of those languages. the dog is a new fin land. he was bought in pittsburgh, lewis paid $20 for him, which at that time was a lot of money. lewis had a very difficult time in st. louis after the exhibition. he was as i said, he was a shy man. he liked to be out exploring on his own. paperwork and governmental affairs were foreign to that poor man, he could not handle it. and there was a book recently written about three years ago. and the author thinks that he had malaria. there's five types of malaria, which i never knew, he was subject to two of them. one in the brain, and one in his abdomen. and he was in horrible pain whenever they would kick up, particularly the ones in the abdomen, and he was using opium and alcohol to temper his feelings. and he was -- he had been called back to washington by thomas jefferson, because he had not written the journals as he had promised to do, translating them into a wri

affordable care act permanently authorizes daily health care delivery to nearly two million american indians and alaska natives who are in critical need of improved health care and services to their communities. there will be critical updates, modernizations, expanded cancer screenings, long-term care, hospice care, and care for the elderly and disabled. the passage of health care reform represented a 14-year struggle by tribal leaders to make permanent a legislative commitment by the federal government that had not been upheld. it is wrong for the republicans to take this promise away to indian country and first americans of this country. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman's time has expired. mr. grijalva: americans want a jobs plan not their health care taken away. i yield back. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman's time has expired. for what purpose does the gentleman from minnesota seek recognition? mr. ellison: to address the house for one minute. the speaker pro tempore: one minute the gentleman is recognized. mr. ellison: madam speaker, we could spend five hours today and tomorrow talking about j

native critters. melanie alnwick is live from the smithsonian of the americane indian.ters is not the right wordht for these animals. sorry. >> reporter: not exactly, they are truly elegant animals, and what a theme on the plaza, at the national museum of the american indian.ern. as we celebrate kaypi peru, and peruvian independence day.e and so we will talk about some of the natural horses and somend of their creatures here. decree cheers, not exactly the -- creatures, not exactly the word. eric, tell us about the horses. >> we brought her from peru, ann she is my favorite horse. like always to have her with me. many events around virginia. >> you have a farm in warrenton? >> yes, yes. i'm racing horses. i have like 9 horses there. >> why is the horse important tm peruvian culture? >> it's very important because many people in peru, like -- yeah, yeah.ye >> part of life? >> exactly. >> reporter: tell me about the bridle, and this in intricate work. [ indiscernible ] the saddle, too, if we can look at that. >> the guy do all this type of work, he tells me it takes abous

simply saying they were native american, what a travesty and a shame that we need to find a way to correct. >> my parents had to come to washington, d.c. in 1935 to be married as indians. they faced jail time had they done it in virginia. >> i read that in your testimony. i appreciate you telling us that as well. supervisor dillon, if a tribe is not terminated, should they be allowed to pursue administrative relief? >> i believe that is what the law already states. >> i appreciate that. mr. gabaldon, is it your assertion that you feel that your tribe was never terminated? >> no. we believe we were terminated in 1959, but it was by a non-wappo indian. >> i appreciate that very much. thank you very much, mr. chairman. i yield back. >> mr. denham. >> thank you, mr. chairman. let me first start by saying it is very disappointing to see that secretary salazar and the bureau of indian affairs has not engaged this committee on this important issue. this is -- i mean, this is and always has been an act of congress under the constitution, but without the administration working with congress, it makes it tremendously difficult to create an even playing field and certainly to mo

native peoples throughout the country and it was the reason for the first stewards conference at the smithsonian museum. we sat down with a few representatives. joining me here at the national museum of the american indian to tell us how their communities are coping with climate change are micah mccarty from the makah tribe in washington, kitty simonds from hawaii, mike williams from the akiak native communities in alaska, and jeff mears from the oneida tribe in wisconsin. thanks so much for joining us. in your lifetimes, what have you seen change, perhaps in the areas that you've grown up. what's something that you can point to and say this is what it used to be when i was a child and here's what the situation is today. >> i guess for me growing up in hawaii the changes were really with the fish population. we used to have much larger fish, different species. they seem to have changed, and i'm not sure if it's climate change or the visitors feeding our fish food that they shouldn't be feeding them. so for me it's that because we always ate fish at least three or four times a week. so that has been a large change and the fishermen have to go farther and farther out to catch fish, in fact outside the 200

smithsonian's national museum of american indian here in washington is holding its annual living earth festival this weekend. live music and a cookoff between two native chefs among the highlights and a farmers market featuring native owned farms and a hands on activities on the third floor for the kids. >>> coming up the deadly theater shooting in colorado has a lot of people upset. we'll have some advice how to calm your jittery nerves the next time you enter a dark theater. >> president obama and mitt romney take a time-out from the campaign trail to address the colorado shooting massacre. i'm danielle nottingham at the white house with their reaction coming up. >>> we have breaking news, pepco has just won an $18 million raise from maryland regulators. you heard it, the order at about 5:15 tonight rejects $50 million of pepco's original request. the maryland public service commission specifically denied $8 million for costs related to what it called pepco's past failures. >>> police say a total of 71 people were shot in an a roar ra, colorado movie during -- in an aurora, colorado movie theater during the midnight showing of the dark knight rises.

only country that's actually sent a national delegation to an indian economic development conference, there are scholarships for native americanents that thes i tan -- at the istanbul technical institute, there's a constant movement of tribal citizens going back and forth. so this interest, apart from these other disputes, is real and genuine and deep. and so we've accepted some of the concerns that were voiced in subcommittee. there is no preferential status for turkey in this bill. all 155 world trade organization countries will have exactly the same opportunity. it's important to note, i think, that this bill is strongly supported in indian country. maybe we should listen to indians about what's best for their own economic development. the national congress of american indians supports this bill. the national american indian housing council supported this bill. the national center for american indian enterprise development supports this bill. numerous tribes support this bill. perhaps they are the real experts here that we should be listening to. passage of this bill would normally be a routine matter in this house. but due

native american out of the story? >> so first of all, our experience in the united states was already learning from the experience in south america, where indigenous populations, taino indians in various parts of the caribbean islands and in south america were first resistant to the encroachments of europeans, eventually fought against them, and showed such valor in their fighting against european encroachment that there was no sense of incorporation or assimilation. so their fighting spirit created a kind of contradiction of nobility, which was what eventually gave birth to the notion of the noble savage. that these were a people who wereilling to die to protect their way of life. it was disease that wiped them out at the end of the day. that's what got the better of the indigenous populations. so in that regard, the pure devastation that attended to the original settlement of europeans in the americas eventually gave birth to population loss that was akin to genocide by today's standards, but it was done by way of germ warfare. and really in an unintended way. >> did anybody ever teach you, tell you that chf justice john jay said, "those who own the country should govern

american indian. >> dana: when you first got to know elizabeth warren it was because of something else last may. >> greg: because she is a liar. this woman claims she had nativen heritage, if we went by her standards so would all of us. i hope she does draw from the heritage when she is up there. it will take one second. she has none. the bigger problem is they re scruted a dishonest person. >> andrea: can i point out scott brown used that sound bite in an ad. >> dana: we have it. want to take a look at it and i'll let you react to it. >> understands that jobs must come from growth in a vibrant and vital system of free enterprise. >> faith in america. through our system of democracy and free enterprise, the united states has achieved remarkable, unbelievable progress. >> if you have been successful, you didn't get there on your own. >> i promise you this. i i'll never demonize you as the business owners for the work you do or the opportunities you create. >> dana: shazam. >> andrea: to have clinton and carter singing off the same song sheet. to your point they are doing something different by highlighting the network as you point out. not the worker. that is

native americans. it's an assault on our federal responsibility to tribal communities who without the indian health care system would not have meaningful access to health care services. our republican majority swept the rug out of native american women and took them out of the act to protect them from domestic violence. this act the republicans put before us would hurt people in a very serious way. the act makes possible long-awaited improvements to the indian health care delivery system by providing authority to provide cancer screenings, dialysis as well as all hospice and elder care, recruit more qualified health care professionals, modernize health facilities and establish comprehensive behavioral health initiatives. mr. speaker, we need to reject this health plan, we need to reject this effort by republicans which is causing harm to may tif americans across america. i yield back. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman from pennsylvania is recognized. mr. pitts: mr. speaker, at this time i'm pleased to yield one minute to another valued of the health subcommittee, dr. cassidy from louisiana. the spe

the house bill would protect indian tribes from protecting almost two million native american women from their abusers. this is outrageous. it's an extremely outrageous omission given nearly half of all native american women have been victims o

this community is that nearly three out of five native american women are assaulted by their spouses or intimate partners. one-third of all american indian women will be raped during their lifetime. those numbers alone should dictate the result. and the members of the tribal council, the pequot tribal nation and others across the country, the pequot happen to be from connecticut, have appealed to me to protect the tribal provisions in the senate measure. not to waiver, not to relent to the house version. and so again i urge the house to adopt our measure. and protecting immigrant populations ought to be a given for the united states senate. the house version of vawa would endanger the safety of noncitizens and society as a whole. that is a quote from the international institute of connecticut, which has urged me to hold firm, to support the provisions of the into the bill and not surrender to the house and rye lent on protecting -- relent on protecting immigrants who need this help. again i quote the house version would endanger -- quote -- "endanger the safety of noncitizen victims and society as a whole." vawa symbolizes for our countr