what she meant by that is that native people don't identify first and foremost as being native or native american or indigenous. we identify first as citizens of our tribal nation. so if you ask me what i am, depending on the context i probably would not say on native american. i would probably say i'm pony. -- i am pawnee. they're sort of needed a term to be used to be referred to us, all these different tribes collectively. so american indians was first and then native americans. now we use native and indigenous and we use them interchangeably. >> we will let you chat with a few callers. clifton is waiting out apparent in, delaware. good morning, you are on with kevin gover. >> good morning. my question is that my family can go all the way back to the doj indians. we carry their english name. so we have been disenfranchised from the native americans. now they are telling us that we do not exist. and we do exist here on the eastern shore. >> yes, that is not uncommon. i'm not familiar with the particular culture that you are talking to, but after contact and after the confrontation quit

[speaking native language] [hajq speaking native language] [woman speaking native language] [women singing in native language] [woman speaking native language] woman: training a woman, you are training the whole family. the husband will benefit... the extended families, the neighbors, they will all benefit. [speaking native language] the government of tanzania, we pay everything for ourselves. it's a supplement of where we have not managed to reach with electricity. i know it is expensive but if we think only about the expense, we are not going to save our people. and we are lucky that tanzania, we have good sun full-time. 12 hours we are in sun. aji speaking native language] [woman speaking native language] [woman speaking nave language] [man and woman speaking native language] [woman laughs] [shamata speaking native language] [woman speaking native language] [woman speaking native language] favdi: it's very empowering, as you can see, because you e picking the women who doesn't even go out of the village, but they are coming all the way here. after 5 months, they become solar engineering

by the 1860s, not one native person living in alabama. and go back to your point, a lot of books cover treaties and how the u.s. government backtracked on them, but the cost they give us one the things to talk about. the u.s. had planned to spend 500,000 to expel these 80,000 people. by your calculation the government spent $75 million. that's about $1 trillion today, equal to $12.5 million per deportee. if you could quickly go through how you arrived at that never. what are some the calculations? >> one of the more difficult things is simply to convert from 1830s dollars to the present and their multiple ways of doing that. that's the kind of first decision you need to make. an economist worked out certain strategies for determining the best ways to convert given the questions that you might be asking. the costs to the federal government is relatively easy to determine. once you go through this calculation it's just a matter of converting the figures. what i think is most important here is not just the cost to the federal government. it'

the most powerful native leader in the region. he was in the prime of his life about 35 strong and imposing with a quiet dignity that was expected. despite his personal vigor and equanimity, he presided over people who had to have us the -- been devastated by disease. during the three years they had been organizing their voice to america the indians of southern new england have been referring to a virgin so you epidemic. they have no antibodies. from 1616 to 1619 what may have been bubonic leg introduced by european fishermen spread south along the atlantic seaboard to the eastern shore killing in some cases as many as 90% of the region's inhabitants. so many died so quickly that there was no one left to bury the dead. portions of coastal new england that had once been a densely populated as western europe were suddenly empty of people with only the white bones of the dead to indicate a thriving community once existed along these shores. in addition to disease, what were described as civil dissensions and bloody wars erupted throu

for the native americans it was much much worse. that's not counting the thousands of thousands of slaves sent to the caribbean and beyond during this time. the fear was such that even those indians who are clearly loyal to the english, the praying indians who lived in a series of christian towns around boston, were herded into internment camps in boston harbour and plymouth harbor. clark's island here. towards that end of that first year, you could see that this was crazy. perhaps these native americans hold the key to helping us turn the tide in this for. towards the early part of 1776, church will be given a small company primarily native americans. a few of his english friends and in the spring of 16 76, they would begin bringing in more captives than all the companies of massachusetts and plymouth combined. now in churches narrative, which was written many decades after the war with the help of his son, he is the hero of every incident. that is such as is the way of war memoirs. but it's also interesting that those historians w

this was not a war that freed new england of the native threat. it really increased the threat for decades to come. and i think that's what makes the story ultimately a tragedy. because there was something special in plymouth colony for the first half century. it was not a utopia, but two very different people found a way to peacefully coexist. i think in the world today, where this is a global scene full of competing nations, religious groups, ethnic groups that don't necessarily like each other, don't necessarily understand each other. but if we don't find a way to peacefully exist, the alternatives are not good for anyone. and i really feel the first generation of wampanoags and pilgrims have many lessons from which we can still learn. in closing, i would like to read a brief passage that speaks not only to the bicultural nature of what went on during the first half century in plymouth colony, where the pilgrims wanted to keep the indians at an arm's length. but they were deeply influenced by their native neighbors, not only in food ways, but j

bradford's view of the natives was far more critical. in the early chapters of his history, he wrote of them as "savage barbarians," ready to fill the pilgrims with arrows. he described the landscape as they first encountered it as a "hideous and desolate wilderness filled with wild beasts and wild men." but his harshest views were confined to his poetry, in one poem castigating natives as a "people without god or law," and marveling that the colonists had lived so long among these folks so brutish and savage. winslow, on the other hand, showed an appreciation for how the wampanoag preserved memories. while he acknowledged that, at one point, he believed the "indians about us are a people without religion or knowledge of any god," he later acknowledged that "therein i erred, for they conceive of higher powers." there are two incidents where it seems to have made a difference in how they presented the plymouth story. when a wampanoag entered into a mutual assistance treaty with the pilgrims, both bradford and winslow saw it as a significa

what to the native people. is it going to abide by its principles, and the american revolution of the declaration of independence or treat all people equally? or is it going to be more can to the corrupt tyrannies that existed in europe. it may truly believe the state other public rested on this decision, this a political decision that was made in 1830 parts direct it's moving to see and read some of the things that native americans argued for. appealing to the constitution and liberty and the concept of equality in the book. but i want to move forward before we have to close. we find in may the cherokee expulsion really begins in earnest. by the 1860 census, not one native person living in alabama. to go back to your point a lot of books follow treaties and how the u.s. government backtracked on them. but the cost again is one of the things you talk about here. the u.s. had plans to spend 5000 to expel these 80000 people. by your calculation the government spent $75 million for that's about a trillion dollars

records hardly ever referred to enslaved natives as slaves. they're referred to as servants or sometimes simply as the engine of such and such a settler. and i think that language has really obscured the fact that large numbers of men, women and children were held in bondage. the other thing that i think has been tricky in terms of studying slavery is that native slavery wasn't exactly like chattel slavery much of the time. so not all natives who were held in bondage were necessarily held for life, and it wasn't necessarily an inheritable condition. their children would not necessarily also be slaves. and i think as americans, we're very used to thinking of slavery as african-american slavery, lifelong and inheritable. in reality, it was murkier, often, in terms of native slavery and new england. >> given the fact of all the racial issues we're experiencing right now, it kind of makes a book about the 17th century very current and very topical. you had mentioned about liberty and you mentioned about the pilgrims, the puritans. in some regards,

with three quarters of those losses native american. the english losses alone, it was twice as bloody as the american civil war, the war that most of us think of as the worst in our history. for the native americans, it was much, much worse, and that's not counting 1000 slaves sent to the caribbean and beyond during this time. the fear was such that even those indians that were clearly loyal to the english, the praying indians, who lived in a series of christian towns, were headed to internment camps in boston harbor and plymouth clark's island, and towards the end of that first year, people began to say this was crazy. perhaps native americans hold the key to helping us turn the tide in the store. 1676, the early part of church would be given a small company of primarily native americans, with a few of his english friends, and in the spring of 1676, they would begin bringing in more captives than all of new england and native americans combined. in church's narrative, written many decades after the war with the help of his son, he is t

european, native, african. rather than to follow tradition and merely celebrate one culture, that is the pilgrim fathers. to focus on education,-had unanticipated benefits. well more celebratory events that worked for large gatherings of tourists have proved impossible in this time of pandemic. many educational programs have been able to be held. the publication of books has continued on pace. and retro specs such as this one, and even conferences have gone online. our determination to focus on multiple cultures, with the result of a shift in historical understanding, that was given impetus at the time of the 350th anniversary of the settlement the plymouth. in preparation for that event, the commonwealth of massachusetts and the descendents of the mayflower passengers, decided to invite a member of the wampanoag tribe. the people who had assisted the pilgrims through their early struggles, to address the crowd that would gather for the event. the invitation was extended to frank james. a member of the wampanoa

[speaking native language] [speaking native language] [speaking native language] >>.aking native language] [speaking native language] >> i think we are all probably behind that. rosy says politics are always going to be complicated because there are always factions that are pro and con. what we have a responsibility as individuals to understand and an act is to be in favor of what's right and what's just and that change is born within our homes, families, and communities, and we are called upon to do the work where we are. so politics are important but the community is where it's at. jessica, i would love to hear from you around the same subject.>> i think rosy articulated it so beautifully, this is not something we think about as Ãbi think it goes back to what francisco was saying, this is not a one-time policy thing.i think what we are really talking about is such a massive radical lifestyle shift for those of us who really care about this. gotten to the point where i'm tired of apologizing for that, when the top administration team came into power 2016 it felt like

he does not mention anything about the native presence. it is winslow who gives the fuller account, our harvest being gotten in, our governor sent four men on fowling so that we might rejoice together after he had gathered the fruit of our labors. many of the indians coming amongst us, and among the rest their great king masasoit with some 90 men for whom for three days we entertained and feasted and they went out and killed five deer which they brought to the plantation. the implication of a special event and the fact of the native presence are in this account but not in bradford's. the questions surrounding both these cases prompted me to think more closely about the native role in the colony and the overall colonial response to that native presence. but these are not the only questions that bear consideration in the early history of plymouth. and the editors of the new edition hope that our volume will help other scholars to investigate other questions. and that's all for now, and we can have time for some questions. thank you. >> okay,

government to honor native american treaties. there, say it starts again, back to the ceremony at standing rock, i think there needs to be an official apology from the american government to the tribes for what happened to them. >> tell a little bit more about that ceremony. >> it was really moving. there is some footage of it on youtube. there were a number of veterans, many veterans who came to standing rock to support the tribes in their effort to stop the pipeline. and that was a big deal. because in the old days when the cavalry showed up, there was a lot of trouble for native americans. now this was a 180. they were there to support the tribes. ceremony inas this which general wesley clark son, the thirdrk jr. or led this prayer circle i guess you could call it or let this ceremony of apology to some lakota elders asking for forgiveness. and the role of his and other ancestors in these wars. very moving ceremony. the words are quite profound. but i just want to follow-up, one thing the lakota elder whom they apologized to s

stance of thee native american nations -- ms. stillman: there was not much of one, but there was a nice article. roger: and what do you have coming up next? ms. stillman: thank you, roger. i am very superstitious. i never talk about works in progress, but c-span has covered other works of mine, and you can see those online as well. in aoks are all related big way. they are all narrative nonfiction about them on tier -- the frontier and modern west, and have to do with our wars against each other, other people, against the land, animals, and i would like to take a look at, how can this all be resolved? the land is a main character and a lot of my books, probably all of them. i see it as being a central as ar in these stories people. my last book was called "desert reckoning," based on a rolling stone piece of mine. it is about a hermit who lived outside of los angeles and killed the popular sure there in 2003, i think it was, and then he took off into the desert and kicked off this massive manhunt involving thousands of cops and s

professor of american history for virtual history and the associate director of the institute of native american studies and author of the previous books of american history black white and indian and new order. thank you for joining us and welcome to thank you to the atlanta history center for sponsoring this event. >> and so many histories with the expulsion of native americans the political and economic motivation how much land to the indians on before the 18 thirties? >> a huge amount and half of alabama two thirds the mississippi and georgia and i just how much land they own but how valuable the land was was cultural and and it was a southern story but there were and by the 19th century need to have another tribes that were expelled from new york and ohio and it goes from time to tribe and state to state but what kind did they have in the south? >> also it was contested to this day but until the court cases are fully sovereign people they cannot sell their lands to a foreign power but they were fully sovereign people that have elections. we have constitutions. in the early 19th cen

boy: the california poppy is a flower native to california.umble: it was a beautiful thing to have a burrowing owl be discovered by a fourth-grade student two winters ago. and even more incredible was that this little owl stayed with us, and so, i sometimes think of this as a zoo without cages. i think of my students who live in those buildings right across the street. they wake up in a concrete building. they go down concrete stairs. there's a little patch of concrete maybe to bounce a ball. they walk across a concrete sidewalk, an asphalt street, another concrete sidewalk, and they come onto a campus which is largely asphalt. then they go home and they do it again. they need this connection to nature like every human being. nothey have access to nature right here on their campus. heise: i like to call it multispecies justice, so, it's thinking about what is it right to do by people. how do we make this a more just, a more fair space for the different groups of people who inhabit the city, but how do we also make it a habitable place for the

haaland would be the first native american to serve in this position.the interior department, of course, oversees not only public lands but also tribal lands so this is a really significant pick for that reason but also, an interesting pick, because it's something that really is getting excitement from across the democratic spectrum. biden is someone who ran for president as more of a moderate. he, of course, has a reputation has someone who has worked across the aisle throughout his career, but many of his cabinet picks have really been exciting democrats across the spectrum, really telling you a lot, fred, about how he's going to govern. >> he's receiving, i mean, first, a very mixed reaction and especially with haaland's nomination. he's received a lot of affirmation from groups that were a little initially troubled by what they thought was a lack of a diversity of some of his picks. all right, rebecca buck, thank you so much. stay with us. we'll have coverage of the biden announcement as soon as it begins and we'll be right back. did you know that 7

when elliot was teaching the bible to native people in the '50s and '60s, he felt like native people weren't picking up the religion quick enough. he hired native interpreters to translate the bible. back in the 1990s there was a woman in my community called jesse little doe beard. she said people were coming into her dream speaking a derciffere tongue. this was night after night. one of her dreams, the people spoke english to her. they said the people had the chance to get the language back, would they say yes? she took it upon herself. whe went to m.i.t. and started to piece the language back together again. elders could still speak some of the language. old records were written in the language. what helped a great deal was that bible, the king james bible. we have one of those first editions in our grasp today. today we have our language back. my wife is one of the teachers of the language. we have school and teach pre-k up to third grade. going back three years ago, or maybe two, the wampanoag is taught still right now in mashpee high school, it's taught as an accredited course l

president elect joe biden nominates to be the country's 1st native american cabinet secretary. 5 years after hands raised unanimously for peace talks in syria we look at the stalled diplomacy and bloodshed that's followed. tello more than 300 school boys have been released the week after they were kidnapped in northwestern nigeria the governor of katsina state says they'll be back with their families after being checked over by doctors the boys were taken when gunmen thought to be linked to boko haram stormed the school in the town of last friday. live outside the government house. with an update on where the boys are right now. well during the boy in approaching cuts in a city now and all have been completed to receive them here the government house all they had been just a few meters away from a few 100 meters away from the government house we understand also that when they arrive here they will see the governor forced who will then inform the president who happens to be in cuts in a state occasion now to come forward to come and meet them before they fly and they are finally reunite

so what he did, he hired native interpreters and taught them in wampanoag, my native language. there's a real good story behind this. somebody heard about language? back in the 1990s, or somebody from my a woman from my community, she's a vice chair her name is jesse little known baird. she was having dreams. she said people were coming into her dream, speaking in different tongue. this happened night after night after night. said people looked familiar from asked it but they did not know her names. one of the dreams people spoke english tour. they said the wampanoag people have the chance to get the language back. so she took it upon herself, went to mit, graduated with the degree in linguistics, and put her language back together. and how this was done. elders were still able to speak some of the language. old records of the wampanoag. similar language families. the king james bond bible and wampanoag. we had one those first editions. so today we have our language back. my wife is one of the teachers of the language. we have a monastery school. we teach pre-k up to third grad

now the united states is set to have its 1st native american cabinet secretary after president elect joe biden's latest nomination dave holland is biden's pick for interior secretary the 60 year old is in her 1st term as a democratic congresswoman for new mexico and she had a department this previously had an uneasy relationship with native americans over environmental issues biden has also nominated a former 2 time governor of michigan as the energy secretary jennifer granholm has been an advisor on clean energy programs and is expected to be progressive on climate policy let's bring in brendan o'connor he's an associate professor of american politics at the university of sydney joins us live via skype from melbourne brendan so president elect joe biden's been making more cabinet appointments let's talk 1st about debt holland if we can how significant is her appointment and what does she bring to the role of interior secretary. well that would be very appropriate i think ken very important to have a native american woman as head of the department of the in character if we think abou

when elliott was teaching the bible to native people, he felt like the native people were not picking up the religion quickly enough. being that the king james bible was written in english. so what he did,he hired native interpreters. there is a really good story, back in the 1990s, there was a woman from my community. she was a vice chair, right? she was having dreams. she said people were coming into her dreams and speaking a different tongues. this happened night after night after night. and one of her dreams, the people spokeenglish to her. they said the wampanoag had the chance to get the language back, would they say yes? she went to m.i.t., graduated with a degree in linguistics and started to piece the language back together again. what helped a great deal was that bible. that king james bible. we have one of the first editions in our grasp today .my wife is one of the teachers of the language. we teach pre-k up to third grade and every year we add a grade to it. three years ago, the wampanoag is taught as an accredited course, like english, french, and portuguese. if you lose

what the native people know is that it's not just a thing, and what native peo

the 1st native american in a cabinet secretary role. now to nigeria all of the 344 boys kidnapped in the northwestern part of the country last friday have been reunited with their families their abduction has highlighted the westing security situation in africa's most populous country i'm not interested in time to the town of count carra to meet some of the students and their parents. the last time a book and get us home received so many visitors it was 15 years ago that was when their youngest child booster was born. neighbors and well wishers returned to celebrate again this time most a safe return who after 60 ordeal at the hands of kidnappers mostly is one of the 344 schoolboys released after they were abducted by gunmen from a boarding school more than a week ago there were no moves to go i can't really express how i feel who will miles have returned home there is laughter never would when it is it seems tory in almost every home affected here in cancun and elsewhere most life ambition is to become a surgeon but after the d.c. spen

which they were shocked seeing a native perp speak english native person speak english to them. he told them about the land and area and plague that just came through. he stayed in the house that evening, which in my mind is kind of different. but they carefully watched him overnight. he said you know what, i'm not from here. i'm going to bring you a leader who is. he goes back and tells massaquoiias are all right to come along. later in march massaquoi comes along and brings 60 of his men and that's when they make the famous treaty between the two people, the peace treaty, treaty of diplomacy, one needed each ear at the time. you think about it, i mentioned that plague coming down the coast, that plague stopped dead in its tracks right before the people started in the territory. any thoughts about that, why it stopped right there? we have two good spots, naraganset and wampanoag did not like each other. for at least two generations before there was any european contact here. and you have a large body of water at the bay and, like i said, disease is hard to go over water. again,

first native american to had the interior department.we will get response from indigenous leader winona laduke. stay with us. ♪ [musibreak] amy: "fight for you" by raye zaragoza. this is democracy now!, democracynow.org, the quarantine report. i'm amy goodman. president-elect joe biden has nominated new mexico congressmember deb haaland to become secretary of the interior. if confirmed, she will be the first native american to serve in a cabinet position. haaland's nomination was backed by progressives as well as more than 120 tribal leaders who sent a letter to joe biden last month urging him to select her for the post. haaland responded in a statement -- "as our country faces the impacts of climate change and environmental injustice, the interior has a role and i will be a partner in addressing these challenges by protecting our public lands and moving our country towards a clean energy future." journalist julian brave noisecat tweeted -- "after four years of fossil fuel executives and lobbyists opening up native lands and sacred sites

and i just don't like native mascots in any sports team at all. in any way.ans for one more season cheer on the indians for one more season in 2021 but after that, he will have a new nickname. seth bennett, bbc news. staying with the issue of race, the former arsenal ceo ivan gazidis, who's now ceo of ac milan, has been speaking about racism in italy. he's just helped produce ac milan's manifesto for equality, diversity and inclusion. it comes a year after the club and other serie a sides wrote an open letter to fans asking for racism to be tackled. gazidis has been speaking to our reporter alex howell. there is no end to the process that we are on. the journey that football has taken over the last 20 and 30 yea rs has has taken over the last 20 and 30 years has been significant but we have a long way to go and i don't think we will reach a finishing line. football reflects issues in society, and we see some of those issues and some of those problems playing out. denying that we have issues, pushing them under the carpet, does not help. the first thing is ack

the native word for this place pawtuxet means land of little falls or little streams. that was one of the concerns of staying on cape cod was they couldn't find good water down there that they thought would be with them all year round. they thought the summer might be brackish. so they moved mayflower from provincetown harbor here to plymouth harbor late in december. there is the traditional story they landed on plymouth rock and began to build their houses on christmas day 1620. and then essentially mayflower becomes a place where the colonists live until there's sufficient housing ashore for everyone. the ship staying in new england drives up the cost of the venture. so when it returns home in april, that charter -- think of mayflower as a bus that's been hired to bring people over. the charter is getting more and more expensive the longer that the ship stays. she leaves april 5, 1621. and no one from plymouth returns aboard her. she arrives in england in the middle of may. much to the distress of the merchants, she returns utterly empty with nothing to compensate th

i'm also a native san francisco here. and part of the mission has always been a part of the mission. and our people have been here for a long time. and my grandmother has come here in relocation. and during the early '20s. and so being raised here, born and raised, and knowing that we had shared land and laid on the land of the ramaytush ohlone people. our relatives that were, you know, brought here and shared a lot of different cultures between us. so again i do urge that you move forward in this land and allow the cultural district, so we can be a -- the mission can be a part of our mapping in this way to future generations here and work along with our communities that sound us. and also those who have lived on the land. to acknowledge all that has been before. thank you to the supervisors and everybody involved around the circle. i thank you for this. i urge you to move forward in making this a possibility for the cultural district. i thank you. >> clerk: thank you. can we hear from the next caller, please. >> caller:

native americans were custodians and lived off it. identity but sustinence. native americans have had little representation and few allies in the federal government, leaving them voiceless when it comes to their own land until now. in a historic move, joe biden picked deb who will aholland to interior secretary. she already made history in 2018 as one of the first two native american women elected to congress. serves as advice chair of house committee on natural resources. she's a member of one of the nation's 574 recognized tribes. interior plays a major role in distribution and management of native land and is responsible for honoring the country's commitments and treaties with native american tribes, something the federal government by the way failed to do time and time again, democrats and republicans. her presence will elevate the global fight on climate change. last month on the program, she told me if she had the honor to lead interior department, climate crisis would be one of her top priorities. >> one of the things that's im

she is the co-chair of the native american caucus. we may be seeing her in a joe biden administration soon. i hope you come back and talk to me no matter where you sit in government. great to talk to you again. let me ask you, we talked about diversity and inclusion and i want to make sure we don't have any blind spots as we think about this issue. you talk about diversity broadly but you also are very worried about the native american community in america being left out of these conversations. how do you see it? >> absolutely. we need more voices. we need diversity across the board and that is why i am proud to be one of the first native women in congress alongside my dear friend and colleague sharice davids. we need people speaking for their own communities so that we get that perspective at the table. that is important, yes. >> you have been pushing legislation as building blocks of this. i love the name come out not invisible act, the native american business incubators program act, the progress for indian tribes act. tell us what

the blue crab is native to the indopacific region.they came here via the red sea and the suez canal, like most of the roughly one thousand non-native species that have reached the mediterranean. because of climate change, the waters here are now also warm enough to support tropical species. mohamed nejmeddine bradai has spent decades studying the migratory patterns in the mediterranean. mohamed: we're especially interested in learning about invasive species, because they threaten the biodiversity of all our seas. and it's a phenomenon that we're seeing increasingly in the mediterranean. scientists estimate that a new non-native species appears roughly every nine days. that's significant. >> at tunisia's national institute of marine sciences and technology, olfa ben abdallah and her team are studng the blucrabs. e scientis are keen learn more about this destructive reoduce, a how do thdo the crabs impactther speci when th arrive in a new area? to help answ these questions, they're analysing the contents of the crabs' stomachs. olfa: th

native communities are absolutely some of those communities that are the most hardest hit. in new mexico, we're about 11% of the population, and at one time over 50% of the positive covid cases. so there are disparities that are being suffered by so many communities, indian country in particular, and so, yes, we need to keep working hard. and i think this year, looking at the political side, more native americans running for public office than ever before, not just for congress, but for state legislatures and county commissions and other offices, i think that's absolutely going to help make sure that our voices are heard on every level. that's what needs to happen. we need representation at the table where decisions are being made so that people have a voice. >> do you think the incoming biden administration has that well set in place? i know you're being considered for a cabinet-level position, but i don't know how to frame it, to be honest. sometimes you bring in people because of the identities they represent. that doesn't necessarily mean they get it. do they get it? we

the united states is set to have its 1st native american cabinet secretary after president elect joe biden's latest nomination that hollande is biden's pick for interior secretary the 60 year old is in her 1st term as a democratic congresswoman from new mexico but a strong grassroots campaign for her appointment she'll head a department that's previously had an uneasy relationship with native americans over environmental issues i was a serious shahab returns he is out in the cold in joe biden's hometown of wilmington delaware he's with us now live tell us more about holland shia. it's something since joe biden began rolling out his nominees and proclaiming it has cabinet potential cabinet is the most diverse in american history there has been this discussion about the difference between cosmetic diversity and substandard of diversity in the words of one civil rights leader the launch point or not so terribly historic to nominate lots of people of color and women if they believe in policies that keep women and people of color down representative holland congressman holland this is sub

president elect joe biden nominates hollande to be the country's 1st native american cabinet secretary. 5 years after hands raised unanimously for peace talks in syria we look at the stalled diplomacy and bloodshed that's followed. hello thanks for joining us more than 300 school boys have been released a week after they were kidnapped in northwestern nigeria the governor of a state where it happened says they'll be back with their families after being checked over by doctors the boys were taken when gunmen thought to be linked to boko stormed a school last friday let's get an update from al jazeera. live just outside the government house of state so events moving pretty quickly over the last few hours bring us up to speed with what's been happening. well we hear that the children now in kids in the territory we expect them to arrive here shortly in 5 days to a senior police officer for a state where the. journey origin aged and inform me that they have left since 5 o'clock this morning 5 o'clock local time that's around 4 g.m.t. so we expect them to be at a particular come to give the

so, you tell me. >> january the 23rd we had the nativity of christ. immediately following that is down on stevens. he was a deacon. he died at about 35. in the time of christ. >> he died in jerusalem. >> that's right. they were saying, yet the back off. and he says, i'm not going to pick >> in the story is told in the act. it's interesting to me that the first day after jesus's birth is the first death on his behalf. a grim start to that religion. >> and it doesn't get any nicer because the following days that feast. >> it's there as well. >> i had skipped that. so, shown as an eagle. mainly because he's the most spiritual of them. he is at the very 51st foot level. >> so, he was one of jesus's disciples. we credit the gospel. >> that's right. there's a lot of debate about that. some say he's the gospel to whom jesus loved. he would've been contemporary. >> that's right. so, let's take a little break. the next and that we look at, is the holy innocents. very tragic moments. so, i hope that he can fill us in on that. we are going to take a brief break.

the nativity. ♪ the first time built in the fourth century.ond section, the one you see today, -- years old. >> open that entire time. >> yes. >> one of the longest churches in the world. >> yes. >> eventually it was enlarged and a silver manger was installed. most of the design was destroyed in 529 a.d. during the samarian rebellion. armenians, greeks and the catholics. each day for the catholic church at 12 noon there is a procession down to the cave, the manger scene, the birthplace of jesus so you can see day by day, every single day, at the same time, catholics, armenians and greeks are honoring this place. the birthplace of jesus christ. ♪ right now we are going into the main entrance of the manger in the cave. >> this is amazing. it dates back to the sixth century. on the right side there is an altar. this is the point to mark the very spot where jesus was born. it has a star which marks the 14th generations of jesus in the bible from abraham to david. >> king david also having been born in bethlehem. if you take this away you would see