support for nato is eroding and many americans see nato as a burden. finding public support for nato is a result of changing u.s. demographics. one way to keep the united states invested in nato is to invite texaco to join. nato needs to matter to more americans. it makes sense to care about the security of their homeland. latinxo expanding the population should take priority. origin --mexican california, texas, and arizona are the world third largest economy. political power in the u.s. are shifting to places with fewer traditional ties. mexican membership makes sense for brussels in mexico city. from mexico, a formal relationship to nato would institutionalize trade ties. membership won't happen overnight but a formal partnership is attainable in the short term. inviting mexico to join would create new champions for nato in its most bold and unprecedented chapter yet. >> as the world has seen in recent months, the covid-19 global pandemic has done little to stymie chinese ambitions. both asia and europe will increasingly face a full-spectrum challeng

nato doesn't have a veto on the georgian accession to nato.'s georgia zone political decision-making in the process and meanwhile we are working on a national basis. last week we were worked so it's making sure that they are able to use decision-making for every member state. spent ambassador douglas lute you've been in discussions around this many times. do you think the u.s. should be doing more to bring georgia both in georgia to help better reform move along more quickly and inside nato to push the allies to be ready to move more quickly on membership? >> teri when i address a question about nato for adding no -- new members i'm drawn to article x of the treaty which out three criteria for adding new members. one is that the new members, the candidates must abide by the principles in the treaty of democracy individual liberty and world law and the second is they would contribute to the nato mission and the sense of the north atlantic area and the third one, this is the candidate must join with a full consensus of the now 30 members to the

>> nato was founded on april 4, 1949 with 12 members. the atlantic community is a series of 20 minute films produced between 1954 and 1956 and financed by the u.s. government. they were designed to familiarize nato member countries with the culture, history, industries, tourist attractions, and military contributions of their partners. next on real america, from 1956, introducing the united states. the opening and closing titles are in spanish but the narration is in english. ♪ >> to this land, they have been coming for over 300 years. peoples of europe. england, ireland, scotland, scandinavia, the lowlands, germany, switzerland, france, spain, portugal, italy, greece, turkey, eastern and central europe. they and their descendents tamed the wilderness and created one nation, the united states of america. memorials mark the first settlements on the atlantic coast. boston was founded in 1630. here, the declaration of independence was read from the balcony of old statehouse. like other bustling cities of america, boston has quiet corners. l

attractions and military contributions of their nato partners. next on real america, from 1956, introducing the united states. the opening and closing titles in this film are in spanish, but the narration is an english. -- is in english. >> ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ >> to this land, they've been coming for over 300 years. peoples of europe, from england, ireland and scotland, from scandinavia and the lowlands, from germany, switzerland and france, from spain, portugal and italy. from greece and turkey. from eastern and central europe. they and their descendants tamed a wilderness and created one nation, the united states of america. memorials mark the first settlements on the atlantic coast. boston was founded in 16 30. here, 146 years later, the declaration of independence was read from the balcony of old state house. like other bustling cities of america, boston has its quieter corners. landmarks like the flower market, give it a reassuring sense of tradition and time. harvard university is just over 300 years old, the first to be founded in this young country.

membership in nato was never an issue for the american people.oters from both political parties strongly supported the alliance. in 1952, they elected president a man who played a vital royal in europe, do dwight d. eisenhower. as supreme commander, he led the allied armies in the liberation of europe. for the second time in a generation, american boys joined his -- in the call for freedom. ♪ they went home, repelling aggression in europe and asia. their country sought to help them resume a peaceful life. schools opened their doors to millions of veterans. ever since it began, the united states has seen a constant growth of education. a high school diploma is almost taken for granted. every year, two point 5 million students enroll in the universities and professionals. -- professional schools. many of the young men who fought in north africa and normandy went back to the farms. they went back to working the earth and the quiet rhythm of the seasons. they reaffirmed their spiritual values, different faiths living side-by-side and mutual respect i

good relations with nato.has, i think bosnia received an annual national program. if bosnia can move forward toward a memory ship action plan with a have been offered, and eventually toward nato membership, as the secretary said, this would send a powerful signal to serbs. there is part of the serbian nation that would be within nato, what about the rest? >> thank you very much for your comments, sir, as well. mr. chairman, thank you for allowing us to go over. >> thank you very much. this is the conclusion of our hearing. i want to thank our panelists, who were excellent. i have been on this committee for 30 years. and this is one of the best panels we have had. i think everyone who listened and participated learn something and i think that this was very important. one of the things that it shows me, again, is how important american involvement is around the world, that if we do not involve ourselves, that we can only blame ourselves, if things do not go right. i think that is very important. we have not ment

>> the nato was founded on april 4, 1949 with 12 members. the atlantic community is a series of 20 minute films and 1956between 1954 and financed by the u.s. government. the films were designed to probe -- familiarize member countries with the culture, history, industries, and military contributions of their nato partners. next on real america, introducing canada, our neighbor to the north. ♪ ♪ >> the children play in city parks, in the rain barrel behind the cow shed on the farm. ♪ there are now 16 million people in canada and the population is increasing faster than that of any country in the western world. most of them live in cities and towns, busy with serious occupations of modern life. some work with their hands, with others it is had worked. -- head work. ♪ there land means something different to every canadian. to some, the smell of pine wood. so much of canada is forest. ♪ .o sum, the clamor of goals three oceans border it. august, the heat of unopened sky. to some, it is hard writing and the smell of saddle leather. the rocky nort

announcer: nato was founded on april 4, 1949 with 12 members. the atlantic community is a series of 20 minute films 1956,ed between 1954 and financed by the u.s. government. the films were designed to familiarize member countries with the culture, history, industries, fourth attractions and military contributions of their nato partners. next introducing germany. , this episode looks at west germany, which joined nato in 1955, when communist east germany was not a nato member. ♪ [newsreel patriotic symphony music] ♪ narrator: the island marks the sea ward approaches to germany standing off the sandy shores of , the north german lowlands, it stretches between holland and denmark and then on through the south coast of the baltic sea. ♪ these are a maritime people bringing in their catches from the fishing grounds of the north sea or working the great oceanports of bremen and hamburg. here, they handle the major part of the imports and exports that have made present day western german into one of the important trading nations of the world. under the

president trump was tough on nato, saying the nato members should increase their defense spending.gue that they were going to do it anyway. he would say they did it in part because of his talking about it. where do you think nato stands? is it as strong as ever or not as strong as it once was? sec. pompeo: i think nato is in a better place today than it was in january, 2017, by a long-shot. you don't even have to take my word for it. you can ask the leader of nato. what is better about it? first, there is no doubt that european countries have made big decisions. i think the secretary-general puts the number at $440 billion of commitments between now and 2024. that is not that far off. that's 36 months on, right? significant investments in their partnership with nato. that's a good thing. commitments to defend their own nation. commitments to the partnership at nato. that's a fantastic outcome that president trump spurred on. second, we challenged nato, not only to make sure they spent the right resources, but to be sure that they were focused on the right things, the right activiti

east germany was not a nato member

you can ask the leader of nato.re's no doubt that european countries have made decisions, 400 $40 billion of commitment between now and 2024. that's 36 months on, right? significant investments in their partnership with nato. that's a good thing. commitments to defend their own nation and to the partnership at nato. that's a fantastic outcome that president trump spurred on. second, we challenge nato not only to make sure they spent the right resources, but that they were focused on the right things, the right activities, the right threats. we spent a lot of energy making sure we were focused not only on the threat from russia that was created to deter the soviet union support, that we continue that effort, but today, much of the threat from nato countries comes from the chinese communist party we were talking about, and we have made a fundamental pivot and how we think about nato as a counter china effort. david: let's talk a moment about your own future. at some point, secretaries of state go off and do other thin

this episode looks at west germany, which joined nato in 1955 when communist east germany was not a nato member. ♪ ♪ ♪ >>> the island marks the seaward approaches to germany, standing off the sandy shores that stretch between holland and denmark and then on through the south coast of the baltic sea. ♪ ♪ ♪ >> these are a maritime people, bringing in their catches from the fishing realms of the north sea, or working the great ocean ports of breman and hamburg. here they handle a major part of the imports and exports that have made present day western germany into one of the most important trading nations of the western world. under the shadow of giant dockside cranes, turning around the cargo carriers of a dozen nations are germany's rebuilt shipyards, now building and launching over 300 ocean-going vessels a year, many of them for foreign customers. ♪ ♪ >> trading with the rest of the world is nothing new to brehmen and hamburg. ancient centers of commerce, they make their wealth and independence from medieval times. in sharpest contrast, germany's mountainous south, bavaria, the federal

familiarize member countries with the culture, history, industries, and military contributions of their nato partners. next on real america, introducing canada, our neighbor to the north. ♪ ♪ >> the children play in city parks, in the rain barrel behind the cow shed on the farm. ♪ there are now 16 million people in canada and the population is increasing faster than that of any country in the western world. most of them live in cities and towns, busy with serious occupations of modern life. some work with their hands, with others it is head work. ♪ there land means something different to every canadian. to some, the smell of pine wood. so much of canada is forest. ♪ three oceans border it. grain in the heat of august, unopened sky. to some, it is hard writing and the smell of saddle leather. the rocky northland formed before the dawn of light with its million cold, clear rakes. to some, working together in greenfields, the bloom of grapes, all the fruits of sun and air and earth at harvest time. ♪ and all canadians, there's a feeling of closeness to their land. few come to know all of it. it

or directly to nato within the nato organization. so i would not attach significant strategic importance to this current dispute. it is really the same story that, you know, of french views versus german views from the 1960s to the present. some things in history don't change. it's really quite interesting. >> i can't remember if it was winston churchill or conrad eden flower who said the heaviest cross i have to bear is the cross of lorraine. [laughter] >> it was conrad who -- no, i'm sorry, it was helmut coarse who said and i remember because one time he actually said it in my presence. he said it is a smart idea to bow your head twice in front of the -- [inaudible] in other words, pay special tribute to the -- of france. and i thought that was a smart move. and he meant it seriously. when you consider the history of germany and france and the wars that have, that have been fought ever since, you know, the 1870-71 war up through the end of world war ii, it's probably a good idea to be extremely respectful of france if you come from

david: ok, let's talk about nato.rump was tough on nato, saying members should increase their defense spending. they would argue they were going to do it anyway. he said they did it in part because of his talking about it. where do you think nato stands? is nato as strong as ever, or not as strong as it once was? sec. pompeo: nato is in a better place today than it was january of you don't have to take my 2017. word for it. you can ask the secretary-general leader of nato. what is better about it? no doubt european countries have first, there is made decisions. the general puts the number at 440 billion dollars, 36 months on, four commitments right? it is a significant investment , in their partnership commitments to defend their own nations, the partnership at nato, a fantastic outcome that president trump spurred on. second, we challenged nato to not only spend the right resources, but be focused on the right things, activities, the right threats. so we spent a lot of energy to make sure we were focused on the threa

i'm concerned about the expansion of nato nato has expanded into 13 countries up to the borders of russia 13 countries at the time what we're showing up. in the ship way not. in the midst of. in early spring of 2014 eastern ukraine was also buzzing with protests against the new authorities in kiev this region with the population close to russia geographically and culturally feared that the ultra right leanings of the newly formed government would bring meal nationalism to their lands. and they have their reasons. the status of the russian language in ukraine has been a stumbling block for many years implementing russian as a 2nd state language was one of the main campaign promises of president bush going to fulfill in 2012 the government passed a law making it the 2nd official language in the southern and eastern parts of ukraine the areas where the russian speaking. makes up a majority ukrainian nationalist groups and initiated massive protests opposing the law and observing viewer might see some familiar faces there on a 5 month. part of our last. on february 23rd 2014 the very next day

this episode looks at west germany which joined nato in 1955 when communist east germany was not a nato

announcer: nato was founded on april 4, 1949 with 12 members. the atlantic community is a series of 20 minute films produced between 1954 and 1956 and financed by the u.s. government. the films were designed to familiarize member countries with the culture, history, industries, tourist attractions and military contributions of their nato partners. next, introducing the united kingdom. ♪ [newsreel patriotic symphony music] ♪ [gulls crying] narrator: britain is an island. everywhere, her frontiers are beaten and encompassed by the sea. no man in this small and indestructible country lives more than 80 miles from salt water. this simple fact has forged the character of a nation. every britain has the cool sea wind in his blood or thinks he has. but britain is more than a playground, it is a living for the drifter men and the trawler men who catch the harvest of the oceans. it is the highway across the world for the merchant navy, the biggest general cargo fleet that ever sailed the seas. and especially as that gray water been the bulwark embattleme

where do you think nato stands? is nato as strong as ever, or not as strong? sec. nato is in a better place today. you don't have to take my word for it. you can ask the secretary-general of nato. what is better about it? first, no doubt european countries have made decisions, he puts the number at 440 billion dollars, 36 months on, right? it is a significant investment in the partnership, commitments to defend their own nations, the partnership at nato, a fantastic outcome that president trump spurred on. second, we challenged him to not only spend the right resources, but be focused on the right things, activities, threats. we spent a lot of energy to make sure we were focused on the threat from russia. it is important we deter that. today, much of the threat comes from the chinese, his party we were just talking about. we have made a fundamental pivot in how we think about china. david: at some point, secretaries of state go on to do other things, become president, things in the business world. what would you like to do when your term that secretary of state is

, of the reason why many in the united states believe that nato, to have nato is good and it's in thenterests of the united states, et cetera. i am not the only one who is hopeful that there will be a number of low hanging fruit which the united states and her european allies can pick in the coming months returning to the climate accord, pears climate accord, for example. at least -- paris -- police offering into a discussion with the iranians, there will be another one starting arms control discussions with the russians, et cetera. i think there are enormous opportunities waiting to be seized in coming months. >> i certainly get the impression that reflects the thinking here, too, that early on in the new administration there would be a real effort to harvest some of the low hanging fruit. one problem that i do see with sort of u.s.-european relations, and maybe it's a larger, part of a larger u.s. problem, is that we in european countries meet and their prime minister's signed agreements, those seem to have a kind of legal force that intergovernmental agreements are binding on succe

span four ny today, full strength british divisions nato's northern army group.em is the support of tactical air ied force. of these british troops are citizen soldiers, national at 18 for called up two years, trained with and colleagues of the regular army. >> carry on. >> dismissed. costs a great deal in indeed and loyalty and in money. spend a third of all britain's expenditure, those are the ruthless economics of today. or this island nation, defense is not only the army and the royal air force at home and also preeminently the navy protecting lines of the entire n across world. people's re over is a job, for behind these standing orces are the reserve formations, men and women, too, and still get y weekends for training. naval the royal volunteer reserve. air in the royal auxiliary force to learn the multitude of rafts that keep planes in the error in the planes themselves. others maintain their old skills and learn new tricks in the army.orial but defense today means so much men. than it means machinery. a huge industrial output married scientific skill arm

and we don't mind that idea as long as it has nato two. has nato which means we can be there too. the treaty was never written down. it was never codified, which meant the bush administration was never held to it legally but more importantly subsequent administrations were never held to it in any way, shape or form. as we know, subsequent administrations did both push and eagerly accept nato expansion, the one thing the soviets had been told they would not have to suffer through. the one thing they were told would be a symbol of their not being excluded from europe as they had been in the past. in fact, in critical moment in one february of 1990, gorbachev says to baker maybe we would like to join nato too. baker has an interesting response. he does not really give one but he also does not say no because the idea of a western democratic movement someday consuming the whole world and the russians does not seem unreasonable 50 years from now, 75 years from now may be. so, let's not foreclose the option. let's keep it going. ultimately, george bush, by having a fundamental vision for

you have to make sure a unified germany remains in nato because without germany nato cannot , survive. it is the biggest manpower supplier. without nato, why are we in europe? remember, first principles the , europeans can't take care of themselves. so matter what happens in the future, bush is determined to ensure that we have an american presence. kohl except the deal. the british except -- accept the deal. the french accept the deal. everyone accepts the deal except for the soviets. they too were finally negotiated into accepting the steel and in a way that is lasting consequences for today. mikael gorbachev, remember him, he came up with the idea that we would demilitarize normalize our relation and we would be accepted by the west agreed ultimately that he would allow the germans to unify, he had both legal authority to say no from treaties never fully implemented after world war ii, the peace treaty after world war ii, and secondly, he had 300,000 troops and nuclear weapons on east german soil. he had pretty good leverage to say no. he said i will say yes provided that you accep

we went to have a large contribution through the eu or directly to nato within that nato organization. so i would not attach significant strategic importance to this current dispute. it is really the same story of french views versus german views from the 1960s to the present. some things in history do not change so quickly but it's really quite interesting. via item refers woodson churchill or said the heaviest cross i have diverse across of lorraine. [laughter] six is actually conrad who, i'm sorry it was a core who said and i remember because one time he actually said it in my presence, he said it is a mark idea to bow your head twice in front -- in other words playing special tributes to france. i thought that was a smart move and he meant it seriously. when you consider the history of germany and france and the wars that have been fought, ever since 1870, 71 or up through the end of world war ii, it is probably a good idea to be extremely respectful of france if you come from germany. i think that has created a very, very trustful relationship. and i hope, yesterday, former presi

and without nato, why are we in europe?er first principles, the europeans can't take care of themselves. so, no matter what happens in this future, bush is determined to ensure that we have an american presence. and cole accepts this deal. in fact the british accept this deal. the french accepts is deal. everybody accepts this deal except for the soviets. and they too were finally negotiated into accepting this deal but in a way that has lasting consequences for today, which is to say gorbachev, he had come up with this idea we were going to demilitarize, normalize relations and be accepted by the west, agreed ultimately that he would allow the germans to unify. he had both legal authority to say no from treaties never fully implemented after world war ii, the peace treaty after world war ii, and secondly, he had 300,000 troops and nuclear weapons on east german soil. he had some pretty good leverage to say no. he said, i will say yes provided that you accept us into the west and so long as nato does not expand to the east.

he said do we really need the americans in nato? maybe we don't and then france regarded itself as a power and still is. so there is a difference on how we approach this. and as a matter of fact in the real world we want the same thing. we want a more capable european union ever and then within nato. with that strategic on the strategic position with french views and german views from the 19 sixties that doesn't change so quickly. i cannot remember if his churchill he said the heaviest cross i have to bear. >> it was actually conrad i'm sorry it was and i remember because he said in my presence it is a smart idea to bow your head twice in other words a special tribute to the head of france. and then when you consider the history of germany and france in 187071 it's a good idea to be extremely respectful of france if you come from germany and that has created a very trustful relationship with the former president of france passed away yesterday at the age of 94. and those of us from an older generation and the chancellor of germany i

attractions and military contributions of their nato partners., from 1956, introducing the united states. the opening and closing titles in this film are in spanish, but the narration is an english. -- is in english. >> ♪ ♪