at its peak in the middle ages, navarre was a grand kingdom that controlled parts of today's spain and. today pamplona has a distinct energy with its rich traditions and famous festival. we're here in early july for the festival of san fermin. and that means the running of the bulls, one of europe's most exuberant festivals. for nine days each july, throngs of visitors, most dressed in the traditional white with red sashes and kerchiefs, come to run with the bulls and a whole lot more. the festival, which packs this city, has deep roots. for centuries the people of this region have honored saint fermin, their patron saint, with processions and parties. he was decapitated in the second century for his faith, and the red bandanas you see everywhere are distant reminder of his martyrdom. and you know, i don't think anybody on this square knows or even cares. but at the church of san fermin, it's a capacity crowd, there's no question what to wear for this mass. to this day, locals look to their hometown saint for protection. back out on the streets, it's a party for young and old. there's