navy. up next on american history tv, a former navy commander talks about the tense moments between the two outwardly friendly nations. >> now it is my pleasure to introduce our speaker, dr. john, john t. kuehn, he serves as the fleet admiral professor of maritime history at the u.s. naval war college and is the america's major general chair of historical research at the u.s. army command and general staff college. he retired from the u.s. navy in 2004 at the rank of commander after 23 years serving as a naval flight officer flying land and carrier based aircraft. he has taught a variety of subjects including military history since 2000. he authored agents of innovation, a military innovation of japan from the age of the semi to the 21st century. the poetic warfare, the art of the great campaigns. and he coauthored eyewitness to specific theater. as well as numerous articles and editorials and was awarded a prize from the society of military history in 2011. his latest book from the naval i

navy. michael, chief of naval operations for the united states navy. i'd like to thank diana mauer, director of defense capabilities and management and her team is the government accountability office for submitting the requested statement for the record of the hearing. an invaluable resource to our work on the committee. some of the issues i'd like to address and cover today covid-19 and its impact on the readiness of the u.s. navy and marine corps. maybe and marine corps pivotal marine corps, our competition highlighted in the national defense strategy. the marine corps' bold new force design and planning guidance, a recent publication of russian military exercises, massive military exercises in the arctic and related at the role of the navy and marine corps as they play an increasingly important role in protecting our strategic interests in the arctic. ... canceled or postponed final exercises such as rimpac 2020 and change the way which we train our sailors and marines. i'm looking forw

he joins the navy, but he can't really join what we might call the mainstream of the navy, by virtue of his race. what is his plan and specialty in the navy? >> historically, black americans have not been able to serve in the navy. but in the 20th century, that opportunity was taken away. he was limited to the stewards branch. he became a mess attendant. a mess attendant is a valet to an officer. so he would polish shoes, do laundry, serve at the office of mess at mealtimes, scrubbed the floors. it is an orderly role. by the end of his career, he had advanced to the rank of cook. he spent his war years below deck. he never had the opportunity to be a combat sailor. he never served in any kind of integrated way. he was always in the role of an attendant to an officer on the various ships on which he served. so those opportunities were extremely restricted. >> i guess we have this view, this version of history in which things go bad, but keep getting better. if i heard you correctly, you said african-americans were printed -- permitted to serve in the navy? >> this is correct. when the

or color in the navy. at the same time, a lot remained to be done. when do the u.s. military services really desegregate? it is certainly not a world war ii development. >> it isn't. if you look at some hollywood movies, which i am a huge movie fan, if you look at a film like batan from 1943, they forcibly integrate american troops to sort of suggest this progress is being made and give the idea that they are the racial supremacists, we are the multiethnic democracy. it is easy to say no differences shall be made based on race or color, but it is harder to make it a reality. we saw this with education after brown in 1957. it doesn't happen overnight. resistance can take many forms. korea was where the integration started to begin. it is not based on any idealism, it is based on simple need. we haven't got enough men. let's send these guys to do it regardless of their race. there is an anecdote i like to tell. it pertains more to the army than the navy. in 1952, universal studios made a film called redball

navy but he can't really join what we would call the main to have the navy by virtue of his race. what is his rank and specialty in the navy? >> historically, black americans have been able to serve in the navy. in the 20th century that opportunity was taken away. so he was limited to the stewards rant so he began as a mess attendant, which is essentially a valley to a officer. so he would polish shoes, do laundry, serve at the offices at mealtimes. scrub the floors. essentially a orderly rule. by the end of his navy career he had advance to that rank of cook. he spent his whole five years in below depths, as it were, he never had the opportunity to be a combat sailor as you like. he never served in any kind of integrated way. he was always in the role essentially of a attendant to an officer in the various ships where he served. so his opportunities like every black still at the time were extremely restricted. >> if i heard you correctly, then i guess we have this view of this version of history where things are bad but they keep getting better, better, and better. if i have to c

navy. he was commander-in-chief of the pacific. enable jargon -- in naval jargon, he is cicpac. fdr elevated him after he fired admiral kimmell, the commander at pearl harbor the day it was attacked. kimmell is sacked. nimitz comes in. spruance, a 1906 naval academy graduate. he let a task force at midway. -- lead a task force at midway. that's his claim to fame. a last-minute elevation because i believe halsey was sick at the time. midway was an incredible victory, the turning point of the pacific war. he is commander of the fifth fleet. here's one of the curiosities. halsey is in the pacific theater as well, and when halsey commands that same fleet, those same ships, it is the third fleet. when spruance is there, it is the fifth. i do not understand the way the navy figures those things out. lieutenant general smith commanded 70,000 troops during this campaign. he went by the nickname howling mad smith. there's a great name for a marine, i think. howling mad. he is remembered as the fathe

a strong and ready navy is more important than ever before.s a new american administration prepares to take office, we do well to remember as americans that the price of freedom is eternal vigilance, and a free and open indo pacific is important to our prosperity, security, and vitality of freedom of us the world. after generations where america and our allies defended the freedom of navigation and the interests of free nations across the asia-pacific, today, the people's republic of china is determined to expand beijing's influence across the region through military provocations and dead diplomacy. so i urge the incoming administration to stay the course. do what we have done. stand up to chinese aggression, and trade abuses. stand strong for a free and open indo pacific and put america and our freedom loving allies first. [applause] vice pres. pence: and i know the u.s. navy will continue to stand strong. in the indo pacific and all over the world. in the years ahead, the american people in the free world will rely on the strength of the u.s

it's about that time that you have navy -- secretary of the navy, james forstall is with general smith. they have now landed and they're in the vicinity of that airstrip, that first airstrip. of course forstall looks up there and says, boy, that would be something to have. i sure would like to have that flag. and you can imagine what the commander of the troops that got it up there in the first place thought about some brass who decides they want to latch on to that flag, didn't take it kindly. so, a lieutenant colonel chandler johnson decides we're going to secure that first flag, but i'm going to have my men take another flag up there to replace it. and we'll give that first flag to forstall. so, that's what happens. they decided that they get a larger flag from lst 779, landing ship tank. those are the big ones that open up. you can pull on to the beach and lots of heavy equipment can come off of those. that's where they got the second flag. and several marines take it up to the crest, to the hill. that's around 12:00, noon. and it's that second flag now that you have a civilian pho

and satisfying macarthur but leaving the navy in charge of the naval war. and so, this question of what did macarthur eventually gained supreme command of the pacific which was his goal and second, could he ensure that our route back to tokyo went through the philippines and that he would get the green light to liberate the philippines including critical the northern island? these were his goals. this dark horse campaign for president may simply have been a way of exerting pressure in order to fill those goals. >> what about fdr? you write marvelously early on in the book of the war has changed him so is this press conferences used to be one for the ages earlier in his presidency and he would be joshing with reporters and knew whose birthday it was then whose children were having a birthday that day and make joking back and forth but that's not fdr by this point in the war, is it? >> no, fdr of course this was the longest presidency in american history and often i remember at the outset of our current president's administration there was a story i believe i

>> he was a black shoe and navy parler which meant he's a surface naval war, not a navy aviator or skippered a carrier and was this very or had this very much style like as you say organization man in the kind of guy you could see being a ceo of a major company today. a cool character, cerebral, very, very smart by everyone's account. but really didn't believe in the kind of blood and thunder sort of style command and so he's often contrasted to both halls lee for that reason. he had ascended to the top seagoing command in the u.s. navy with a series of accidents and had been thrust into the position of commanding one of the task forces at the battle of midway and credited for winning that a mortal battle and then he had been recalled to shore duty as nimitz chief of staff so he became very, very close with limits professionally and personally and essentially limits set i trust this guy to take the fleet out to make the same decisions that i would, if i was commanding at sea. not nimitz never commanded at sea during the second world war but was in the shore bound headquarters for the entire

american navy, they have everyone from places in the plains area, that end up in the navy.nd annapolis carat 1905, he was commander and chief, and enable doug jargon he is a six packs. he is quiet, a bit on the introverted side. fdr, elevated him after he fired admiral kimmel, who was the commander at pearl harbor. the day that pearl harbor was attacked. so kimmel is sacked and nimitz comes in. so admiral raymond's prudence. 1906 naval graduated. so kind of a halsey had been sick at the time, and midway was this incredible victory. okay, so he is the commander of the fifth fleet. here's one of the curiosities. so policy is in the halsey, is a pacific theater as well, and wentz bruins is there, it's the fifth of the fleet. don't ask me how, i'm an army guy don't understand the navy figures how they figure those things out. and lieutenant general holland smith. he had 70,000 season troops during this campaign. and he went by the nickname howling mad smith. howling mad. he is remembered as the father, of amphibious warfare. and he was rigorous in trading his marines how to do

the size of the united states navy. today in the midst of a global pandemic we have about 100 ships deployed and we have about 40,000 sailors at sea. that ranges from the arctic circle to the cape of good hope

the navy was a service like most other services who had already been to integrate, and the navy had their african-american officers about 12 years before our caller. certainly in 1955 you have to remember that the american military is made up of the people of the country that they live in. and that is the beauty of our democracy. so i certainly understand and appreciate had some bad experiences, but the navy, on the other hand, was also making progress in the 1950s. so thank you for your service, and i wish i could talk to you a little longer to find out how things eventually turned out for you. >> melvin is out of fort pierce, florida on that line for african-american veterans. good morning. >> caller: good morning. thank you for your service. just wanted to say that, and also i'm working with a non-profit veterans organization, and i was wondering, one, how can we get detailed information accurate out like this on a yearly or year-round basis as opposed to just being segmented to the february month? and also what could organizations do to set up locations to have that information availa

he joined the navy in 1956. he was stationed in the marshall islands. at that time, they were still doing testing at the pacific proving grounds. operation hardtack was in 1958, and it was again atomic explosions being studied. they were studying many different things. one of the things they wanted to see was how an atomic bomb would affect an underwater mine. so, they have these giant blocks of wood. they secured underwater mines to them. they floated them out during the test and then would, after the test, gather them up, put the contaminated material on the deck and bring it back to , honolulu. holmberg talks about how swimming was allowed in the marshall islands. that was fine. however, they were not allowed to consume the coconuts, the bananas, or the fish. you could fish for fun, but you were not to consume the fish. there was a two-hour countdown to each detonation, which was apparently pretty exhausting after a while. and ken holmberg witnessed 12 separate detonations, which is amazing. so, if you'll play the next clip, you will kind of see what

navy during the war.often compared to general patton in europe, and i think it's an apt comparison, but in the middle year of the war is the south pacific theater commander, shore-bound in new caledonia and loses touch with the day-to-day job of running the fleet and when he is brought back to take over the fleet in 1944, it's a totally different animal he is commanding help hasn't really kept up. he insists on bringing his loyal staff officers who had all been in the shore-bound south pacific headquarters for two years with him, and they weren't up to speed, and so you had essentially a large organization coming in to take over the fifth threat which became the third fleet, and they weren't really a ready to do that and they were -- it was i think a mistake that you can attribute up the chain of command to admiral king and admiral nimitz, have been not a good choice to bring hallsey back and put him in that role. >> you put about one of the most complex military actions in human history, and i read them

i was in the navy. i was in the navy in 1955. and there was a lot of discrimination going on then.nd to make a long story short, i was on one vessel and i was sent there to be the bomber and they didn't want me to be the bomber. they gave me -- i mean, i was ready. and they put it down -- and they gave me a -- another job. and another ship that i went aboard and they made me, i was in charge of the laundry. and there was a lot of discrimination going on then. when they wrote the evaluation up they graded me, and my parents, they put -- i had my orders and i went to the ship, second in command. so i asked him, sir, how can they evaluate me and never seen me? i said look what they got there for my evaluation. he told me, he said, only thing i can tell you, square you when you get to your next duty station. tears rolling down my cheeks. wasn't even supposed to evaluate me because i wasn't there for 90 days. supposed to be at least three months before they evaluate you. >> william, thank you for sharing your story. colonel salter what do you take from that? >> first of all, william, th

>> you don't give a navy seal too much grief but when he was in infantry and bill was aspiring to the marine corps and then infantry later, his roots were still army infantry. ben and i have that rivalry. he was a joke about the equipment that we use. to say you have more marine blood and you than anybody else. remember that. >> tell us about how you met and came to do this project together. >> thanks for having us on and thank you for your service as well. we met through a pretty unique set of circumstances i started ten years ago writing a blog and then a syndicated column about fallen heroes and veterans one of those i wrote about was staff sergeant jesse who was killed in iraq but before hand he had served with beau other been on infantry deployment so i contacted sonja almost one decade earlier. and then when i did stumble on the wise family story and then she put me in touch with ben's widow tracy and then we talked and she put me in touch with beau and it went from there and i'm honored to play a small part helping beau to tell his story. >> one of my favorite and least favorit

beau: don't give a navy seal too much grief. but when is army infantry and i was in the marine corps years later and his roots were still army infantry partied been and i had that rivalry partied it is all in good fun for unit but he would joke about the equipment we used in whatever. and i would say hey, you've got more marine blood in you than you do anything else and remember that. kelly: can't tell me little bit about how youtube met. how you guys got through this together. >> short and thank you for your service as well. bowen i met through . unique set of circumstances permitted i had started about ten years ago writing a blog and as indicated column about fallen heroes and veterans. in one of the fallen heroes are right about this staff sergeant jesse williams. he was killed in iraq. but before hand, he was on an infantry deployment. as i had connected with jesse's wife sonja almost a decade earlier. and obviously wanted to know more about it. it was sonja who put me in connection with tracy. then she kept in touch about.

more than ten navy ships have been deployed to the site with navy divers. boeing 737 passenger plane was carrying 62 people. jonathan head reports. flight sj 182 had only been in the airforfour minutes when all contact was lost. with no emergency call from the pilots, indonesian officials struggled to piece together what might have happened. transport minister budi karya sumadi described the boeing aircraft veering off—course before disappearing from radar screens. the flight tracking app flightradar monitored the plane making an apparent plunge from 10,000 feet to near sea level before it vanished. friends and relatives were left waiting at its destination in the city of pontianak, but there was no information to give them. the authorities are now setting up a crisis centre for them in the capital, jakarta. a depressingly familiar scene in indonesia, which has a poor aviation safety record. several boats were sent out to search for any signs of the missing plane. some reported finding what looked like debris, but by nightfall, the search had to be called o

a lot of that is in the case of navy seals especially, multiple were deployed while writing the book although some to their infinite credit called me from the war zone and i am so appreciative and of course we couldn't completely understand but it wasn't written without the help of the seals in the green berets and those infantry soldiers of course those family members and friends. this book is for them. and they continue helping us to this day. >> most of the time with several of them the is a time when things were getting emotional and particularly with the green berets right after i would text him or call him and let them know how it went on at these green berets and seals personally and talk to them as well so it was a mutual effort and everyone pitched in all the way through. >> where there are things that surprise you because of your brothers jobs and that we couldn't tell you along the way and what surprised you about your brothers? i was surprised by a lot of things and particularly the first surprise is when tom started interviewing a lot of seals with a lot of information a

pik confident its all from the missing boeing 737500 after the navy detected a signal it believes is the flight data recorder on board s j 182. from monitoring the results it is strongly suspected that according to the coordinates of the last contact the signal from the aircraft has been found. we have sent a team of divers from the special forces to that area. so good. but you know. still hoping for unlikely good news the relatives of the 62 people on board make the grisly journey to the airport where they handover d.n.a. to hope authorities identify potential victims. i know 4 people on the plane. her husband lives and works he said his wife and 3 children planned to visit and holiday here in pontiac but it ended like this. the series air flight left the cottage airport on saturday bound for a 90 minute journey to ponty you're now. but at last contact only minutes after takeoff. from online service flight radar $24.00 shows the plane suddenly losing altitude and speed. boards continue the search for the main fuselage and black box recorder as authorities try to piece together what

my father was with the navy underwater demolition, you know, frogmen.nd he was in on the invasion of iwo jima. he said they were clearing away for the marines, and he said it was so special because the marines were right on our butt, you know. but he said, after we did our job, we had to go in with them. we had to fight. this was an invasion, not a mission. and he just said at the beginning, he said guys were in and right we were being slaughtered. he said i didn't wonder if i was going to die, i just wondered when. he said it took so long to get up to the top, so many days to the, you know, bunkers. and, you know, he said, and when it was all over, it was -- he pa such a bunch of young guys laying on the beach dead, you know. there were so many young guys. and he said, and my men and i walked the beach, not one men spoke of heroics, you know. and he said when he came back, you know, he said that's the reason why i never would hardly ever go to the beach with the family, because when i would go to the beach, iwo jima would all come back to me. and i sai

he was a navy vice admiral. what he said was call on me if you need help. that's what's eleanor called, it when the president would get u(set about things, a tizzy. he cooperated on the news and tried them every way to get the normal. he sent to new york for specialist and fina&ly brought in doctors from the navy hospital. and i take you around in uniform, the president ate everything he was totally because it was ordered by the navy. the president reduce indict came from the navy, he was a simplest on record. cut out all fried foods. that was one directed from the doctor. typically, the president is going to get what he wants to get, the african american staff is caught in the middle. they often have to help the president out. so, i love this exchange when dealing with lizzy mick deathly and daisy banner. we make that he was the wife of o.j. mcdevitt, president roosevelt's longtime valet. she eventually comes to the white house and comes as a maid. she often accompany roosevelt on long trips, really interesting about lizzy magnified is that she had an outs

java sea after a plane carrying 62 people crashed shortly after takeoff from jakarta the indonesian navy said it had detected a signal that could be from the flight recorder on the boeing 737500 aircraft that it had deployed diverse to verify the crash site be anxious wait continues for people hoping for news of their loved ones who were on the jet that went down just 4 minutes into what should have been a 90 minute flight to pontiac a plane operated by the budget airlines 3 weeks. air disappeared in coastal waters . signing is now from jakarta for more on this developing story as journalist press not a strat logic high class now welcome a big search and rescue mission is currently underway in the java sea how are those efforts coming along. yeah. since yesterday it is dozens of boat and suits have been deployed to the area and those are from the horizon navy and sort of sounds if you agency including the underwater sort of the ship equipped with this one of scanning they. can do about them off the bat and some. of the main rock has been detected and also data has been the blast deployed

we had navy and marines.my grandfather thomas heinz was wounded by sniper day five and luckily survived. and i just want to say thank you from multiple generation minors, that we really appreciate it. >> john, thank you for the call. >> thank you and your family. >> mr. nevgloski, what does a five-star family men? >> a five-star family, you've got family members that are in theater fighting, participating in the conflict. that would be five family members that were there. and then of course the gold star if one of those family members is killed. so to see a flag in a window, which is what most americans did at the time, a small flag that would be displayed in the window of their house, and for each service member that was deployed in theater participating in the war there was a star. so that's a significant contribution from that family. >> john is on that line for marines and family members from illinois. good morning. >> caller: hi. this is john from hegwish. my dad was on iwo jima. i was a marine in vietna

the capitol plaza as seen from a navy blimp hovering overhead.ent and mamie came out of the white house, he paused momentarily and thought back to his first inauguration when he came to the white house to be accompanied by president truman on his first ride to the capitol. the president continued down the steps. the vice president waiting. and, as the presidential caravan leaves the white house grounds, the president starts his second such historic journey down pennsylvania avenue in four years. the waiting crowds herald his arrival at the capitol where the ceremonies are to be held. ♪ ike, ever the gallant, helps mamie from the car as they enter the capitol escorted by senator bridges. ♪ the dignitaries descend to the inaugural platform. carl hayden, dean of the senate, leads the senators with the minority leader william noland and majority leader lyndon johnson very close behind. representing our mighty military services, joint chiefs of staffs, secretary humphrey and seles lead the cabinet members, followed by the nine black robed justices of

what led him to go into politics. >> has last job in the navy was the navy's liaison to united states senate. he had known politics who were friends of his parents but he work in the senate, an office in the russell senate office building, effectively the navy's lobbyist to armed services committee and got to know a lot of members of the committee and the would scored the members on trips overseas and he was the operate jay of barry goldwater and scoop jackson and national security guys, and he became kind of peers and personal friend with the younger guys. they ared a now but young back in the 70s. gary hart, bill cohen, young senator biden, the traveled with them and became friend with them and he told me that he would watch in amazement. attend a markup hearing never armed services committee and see scoop jackson or tower or something motion an aide over and scribble something on a piece of scrap paper, and that would become an amendment to the defense bill, and hundreds of millions of dollars sent from one account to another just like that and he said it dawned on me that most hoo

our top stories: the indonesian navy says it's found the location where a boeing 737 passenger plane plummeted into the sea shortly after take—off with 62 people on board. the uk passes 80,000 deaths from coronavirus as experts warn of the need for tighter lockdown measures us prosecutors say they've made more than 80 arrests following wednesday's riots at the us capitol. one of those detained was a man whose image was circulated widely on social media and the queen and prince philip have both received coronavirus vaccinations. the 94—year—old monarch and her husband were given theirjabs by a doctor at windsor castle. —— the 94—year—old monarch and her 99—year—old husband were given theirjabs by a doctor at windsor castle. hello and welcome. indonesian search and rescue officers have begun recovering what is believed to be debris from a passenger plane which crashed into the sea off the coast of the capital jakarta. more than 10 navy ships with divers have been deployed to the site where the boeing 737 came down in the thousand islands region with 62 people on board. the plane, opera

. >> yes, i was in the navy in 1955.ere was a lot of discrimination going on then, to make a long story short, i was on one vessel. i was sent there to be the bomber. they did not want me to be the bomber, i was rated. and they put down anyone, doing my job right there, and they gave me a broom. another ship i went aboard, they gave me the master at arms. and i was in charge of the laundry. and they did not want me to write anything. when i got ready to transfer from the ship, they wrote absolute evaluations on me, they weren't supposed to do that. so when they wrote the evaluations up, they greeted me as low as they could to get. me and my parents they put, not observed. i have my orders, i want to the executive office of the ship, he was second in command. i asked, them sir, how can they evaluate me and never seen me? i said look what they got from my evaluation? he told me, he said, boy, the only i could tell you it's a square yourself away when you get to the next two to. station tears rolling down my cheek. they wer

my brother was a navy officer me.ore and i was a navy officer, too, years.o we have a very long and very of military on service. nd i believe in protecting and defending our country, and military service was part of that. tell youid your father about military service? >> it's an honor to serve. t's an honor to serve our country. whether it's overseas or here at home, it's an honor to serve. and i believe that, which is one of the reasons why i want to be services committee in congress. i think my background as a navy officer, as a combat veteran, i erved three tours of combat in iraq and quiet. and being a logistics officer, a supply officer, and specialty rfare supply officer has given me a extensive background in knowledge of how our military operates both in peace time and time.r so i think being on the armed services committee would be a for our country and our state, too, for the state of georgia. what insight do you think you in gained to serve congress, given your experience combat? >> oh, we need to make sure our military has the right equipment. i'l

heroes and your family but not your immediate family so when you were kids were you playing army or navy or marines or out in the woods? for the most part we were more musicians actually a lot of music and playing in church. they didn't really have a big music department. it was just a small private school and we moved. i was the first one that got into jazz band. you've got access to a lot of stuff we didn't have going into a public school so that was the influence early on and i think music was a connection for all of us. music and arts and things like that. >> can you talk a little bit about the people in your family it sounds like your mom would tell you stories. >> it really comes from my mom's family. her dad was in the army air corps before it came in world war ii and her mother's brother, my great uncle was in the pacific campaign. he had a head wound -- per great uncle, my grandmother's uncle was at argonne forest and one of the boys that earned the name so the name goes way back and it was pretty awesome for me joining the marine corps kind of connecting to that heritage. a. >>

navy mess attendant dorie miller helped the wounded

it was handbuilt by the navy and is at camp david carpeted with some of the carpet from aspen lodge. feel right atto home. now, there will always be a rex in the white house. ,r. president, mrs. reagan thank you for what you have done for our country, our world, and for each one of us. good luck and may god bless both of you. [applause] pres. reagan: thank you. thank you all. and not alone for the gifts, though they are wonderful and particularly this last one, because he's already taken over this white house. i'm glad he's got one of his own he, and you know something, doesn't get kicked out of it in two terms. [laughter] [applause] there aren't any words that can tell you how bittersweet these days are, and the things we would like to say to all of you. you know, i keep remembering whenand not too far someplace along the line, there would always be a picture of a president standing in the oval office looking out the window, usually the picture from behind and he's standing there and then tag fords are quoted as that picture about this is the loneliest place, lonely and so forth. i

navy. what is your sense of that?i believe you need a vision for a series of strategic arctic ports and russia does so could you comment on that and how important that is for the coast trguard? >> senator, i first want to thank you for the information you provided us already. 10% of the coast guard infrastructure is in alaska. >> and we will continue to provide that as you needed. >> out with her specifically with regards to kodiak that's are stepping off point at present with our solutions are up north in the bearing and as we repeatedly have said sir the deepwater port north, as you have discussed, we would certainly take advantage of it. it would be a benefit to the coast guard. >> yeah, okay. let me ask one final or actually i will just make one final point again on the leasing and if we were to do a leasing with regard to medium icebreakers again i think as a bridge for some of the polar class icebreakers i think home porting those in alaska would make immediate sense and we would look at i know the coast guard i

following a political career, roosevelt came assistant secretary to the navy in 1913.20, he campaigned unsuccessfully for vice presidency. illness interrupted the ascendancy of his political career. when the country appeared to be in a whirl of prosperity. he tried to become candidate for new york governor. 1928 saw him succeeding alfred smith of albany. governor roosevelt served two terms as chief executive of the empire state. liberal measures marked his administration. governor roosevelt became the choice of the democratic convention in 1932. the spectacular flight to chicago marked the beginning of his rise to the presidency. "the forgotten man" became his campaign slogan along with "the new deal." president hoover was a symbol of national business and personal depression. as the black wash of postwar economic conditions engulfed america. the unemployed marched upon washington. the nation demanded a change and roosevelt was swept into the presidency. president herbert hoover was the last president to retire in the month of march. mr. roosevelt was the last to take

it is the highway across the world for the merchant navy, the biggest general cargo fleet that ever sailed and especially as that gray bull wart the embattlement of a people who prospered rew and behind its shield. 1954, they of may, returned to britain the royal bringing back queen elizabeth ii and her of he had e duke year ajo after a half of ies.er territory the sea did not imprison ritain, it challenged her to expand, rule across the world a hugely complex social adventure. from an empire of 600 million eople, the british created munitions, free and sovereign, today they are guiding still goal of independent dignity. the days of colonization are what was the empire has been transformed by the belief nd personal liberty and democratic self-government into loose as tion both freedom and strong as kinship quarter of the surface of the earth. head.s, the queen is and seven member states, government is carried on in her name. the queen of england is also the queen of australia. he opens parliament in can berra the same way and with the westminster. in and yet britain still as she europe.did

so that's why the navy operations exist to this day.food is run by navy chefs not the white house kitchen staff. >> thank you very much for speaking today. was there anyone elaborate meal that stood out in your investigating in your writing of this book that you found was so delicious? one more thing. was there ever a case where somebody had a allergic reaction to something that was eaten amongst the dignitaries. >> yes. the first example i would say is the state dinner code for nelson mandela. that was actually created by the african american chef named patrick clark, who was offered the white house executive chef job under president clinton. petra clark was a well-known chef, and are only, on he turned it down because it was too much of a pay cut. i mean he was making six figures well into the six figures as a cook at the hay adams hotel across the street from the white house. but at that time, the white house0@gkp■executive chef salars 58,000. so it's kwó/4Ña definite drop o. he had several kids. he turned it down. the clintons asked

that's why the navy operations exist to this day for running the white house mess.o a lot of the food that's cooked at the white house mess and at camp david is actually run by navy chefs, not the white house kitchen staff. >> thank you very much for your speaking today. is there any one elaborate meal that stood out in your investigating and building of this book that you just say, wow, that sounds delicious. and one more thing was there ever a case in which someone had an allergic reaction to something that was eaten amongst the dignitaries? >> oh, yes, okay. so the first example i would say is the state dinner cooked for nelson mandela. that was actually created by an african-american chef named patrick clark who was offered the white house executive chef job under president clinton, and patrick clark was a well-known african-american chef in new york, tavern on the green, but he turned it down because it was too much of a pay cut. yeah. i mean, he was making six figures well into the six figures as a cook at the hay adams hotel across the street from the white h

navy as well as a trilogy called the pacific war the third which has just been called twilight of the gods 1944, 1945 the fabulous elliott morrison award and the call the military writers award given by the u.s. constitution museum if there any more awards up there i fully expect you to see one. so you thank you for spending time with us. >> it is my pleasure and my honor. >> i am struck by the book and it is a big story war on the western pacific the biggest naval battle with valor and heroism. but with this book in an interesting way of politics and it was nicely done especially with douglas macarthur. and i'll even expand on my question. you have to know so why open with a survey of us political? >> that there would be led in the air you only have to wait until the third. it is and unconventional way and i had a little bit of latitude in the case because of the trilogy people reading it already read the first two so they had already committed to read it or not. so basically my observation was looking at the pacific war that there was a lot of literature about fdr and macarthur i li

our top stories: the indonesian navy says it's found the location where a boeing 737 passenger plane plummeted into the sea shortly after take—off with 62 people on board. just days before it hands over power, the trump administration is lifting long—standing restrictions governing the us relationship with taiwan. us prosecutors say they've made more than 80 arrests following wednesday's riots at the us capitol. one of those detained was a man whose image was circulated widely on social media. at least four people have died as spain is hit with its heaviest snowfall for 50 years. hello and welcome. indonesian search and rescue officers have begun recovering what is believed to be debris from a passenger plane which crashed into the sea off the coast of the capital jakarta. more than 10 navy ships with divers have been deployed to the site where the boeing 737 came down in the thousand islands region with 62 people on board. the plane, operated by the budget carrier sriwijaya air, fell more than 3,000 metres in less than a minute before disappearing from radar screens. it was flying t

it doesn't touch on the navy, it doesn't touch on civilian service.se were all elements we had in mind as we thought about transforming this, which was transforming what was called the american expeditionary forces memorial to a larger world war i it's raised up a bit and gives nine interpretive panels that will talk about various aspects of the american experience of the war. not just the military history but it will talk about the demographic diversity of the contributions of american society. it will talk about the legacy of the war in terms of its shape, its impact on the post war world, american society after the war. it will talk about some of the key military history aspects. it will talk about, as we touched on today, sort of the history of world war i commemoration in this country, including a mention of the national world war i museum and memorial in kansas city will be acknowledged on that belvedere. if you can see in the center of the belvedere floor a bit of a gold or bronze area, that was an enlargement of the victory medal that was awar

again, i look forward to having the conversation with the department of the navy. if that is the analysis divided by the navy, i have every reason to believe it is accurate. i really would like to have a conversation in more depth. sen. wicker: let me quote another army man, but distinguished chairman of the joint chiefs, general milley. he said just last month, "i'm an army guy and i love the army but the fundamental defense of the united states and the ability to project power forward will always be for america's naval and air space power." i would commend to you that statement and suggest that the additional seapower is going to be necessary. i want you to comment, and i will ask you because we are time constrained, to comedy about the idea of facing two additional destroyers and rhoda, spain, to be there to combat russian aggression. mr. chairman, because only have two seconds, i will take that for the record. thank you, mr. austin. sen. inhofe: thank you. senator shaheen? sen. shaheen: thank you for considering this critical post. as you are probably aware, la