naples, its name abbreviated from neapolis -the new city, retained its greek character for centuries.once rome's rival in the mediterranean, greece fell captive to rome in 146 b.c. swept from the stage by war, greece returned in a new role. its artistic traditions became a handsome backdrop to the mixture of politics, business and pleasures conducted in the private spaces of roman homes and villas. knowledge of ancient greek culture was a status symbol and badge of cultivation for the residents, who adopted greek history as their own. horace noted ruefully that: reader: "greece took captive her savage conqueror and brought civilization to the rustic latins." narrator: walls in the maritime villas and the houses and buildings of pompeii and herculaneum depicted greek myths like the rescue of a bride from a centaur's lust by theseus, the heroic king of athens. under the inspiration of a bust of homer, romans could contemplate the trojan wars and perhaps commission works that retold the story of mighty achilles and the sack of troy. a bust of the 4th century b.c. playwright menander conv