senator neely's charges against carper were vindicated the very next day when imprisoned dope peddler james roberts appeared before the senators. the calm demeanor of roberts presented senate investigators and the public with the picture of a thoughtful, if not remorseful man. as he quietly told his story of dealing in illicit drugs and his interaction with d.c.'s narcotics squad during that time. from 1947 to 1949, lieutenant carper received 18,000-$20,000 in payoffs in roberts, always tendered in small bills and always paid on the first of the month often by wrapping cash in a newspaper and dropping anytime a squad car. dropping it in a squad car. those these revelations prompted personnel changes at the top, little about policing in the district changed during subsequent years even as law enforcement itself underwent a professionalization movement that demanded more training from recruits, new performance measures from officers and new methods of bureaucratic oversight. a decade later president lyndon johnson was still smarting from criticisms he had received from republican challe