because of political will and because of talented detectives, because of a willingness to work with ngo 's has seen an upward trend in their prosecutions. it has seen an improvement on how to treat victims. as a result, they're welcome addition to the list of lier -- tier one countries. one of the things we find very important, and certainly can't stress this enough, the fight against human trafficking is something that was established in the clinton administration to the passage of the trafficking victims protection act which is something that first lady hillary clinton worked really hard on. it was a bipartisan law with bipartisan facts. it was something that the bush administration was very committed to working on when they came in. the same is true of the obama administration. the cable that the secretary ascending to diplomatic corps is here in the united states, it is a marker as not just a continuation of the commitment of the bush administration to fighting in the trafficking in modern slavery, but in anticipation -- but an intensification of the obama administration. i think it's

of the serious famine in the mid 90's, when my organization, mercy corps, responded to those very critical needs. there have been a handful, perhaps a dozen of ngo's that gestating keat since then working on food security, health, water sanitation programs in sponsoring delegations and exchanges that work on technical, understanding improved, understanding between our peoples. this decade plus of experience have enabled us to understand the realities, the constraints and opportunities to how we can work together, how we can understand technical opportunities for improving the lives of the north koreans and improving mutual understanding. since the thaman of the mid 90s or estimates of those who died range from 280,000 to more than 2 million the acute famine has definitely subsided however chronic food shortages remain in the u.n. estimated as of november of last year that there were still approximately 1.8 million metric ton food shortfall, which would lead 8.7 million of the most vulnerable without adequate food intake and nutrition. it is not famine conditions but it is chronic malnutrition so the need remains is my second point. my third point

with the new ngo's going back in right now, we will be able to sustain these operations and get more capacity than we have had on the third and the fourth that were expelled. >> s been reported -- it has been reported that the level of pilots is greater than before. is that your observation from you have seen? what is the linkage if any between the expectation that sudan will increase its oil output to 1 million barrels a day by 2015? >> the reason we are spending so much time on border demarcation and wealth sharing and grazing rights and how we will have that border, it is really not up to us. we are trying to create an environment where the north and the south can resolve these issues. you're exactly right. at the production increases and the value of the oil and the other commodities that are under the ground yet to be discovered -- as these issues and the value of these products goes up, the tensions can increase. we will hold trilateral talks to allow these government to work through these issues. we would like to get resolution in the near future. as you know the arbitration is coming up in july. the timeline for these discussions is very short period th