nic robertson is live in london, and scott mcclain is standing by in berlin. good to see you both. so nic, let's start with you. what covid restrictions did these scientists recommend and when did they do that? >> reporter: well, three weeks ago, this group of scientists known as sage, it's not always the same scientists but it's the country's leading authorities on tackling covid, they meet regularly. they advise the government regularly. and three weeks ago, the minutes of their meeting, they concluded that the country required what they called a circuit breaker, a short national lockdown, the sort of thing we had earlier in the year to get around the rise in coronavirus cases. the government didn't go for that option, we heard the prime minister saying why it's a balance between health against the economy, but it was quite surprising to see that that group of scientists who normally keep their deliberations and advice to the government close hold, secret, if you will, after the prime minister's press conference monday, yesterday, where he announced these new three tiers, they decided to release their advice from three weeks ago which does indicate a rift on their position compared to that that the prime minister is taking, and it was quite significant during that press conference yesterday when england's chief medical officer was asked do the current restrictions that the government's putting in place go far enough to bring down the rising level of coronavirus cases. this was his answer. >> i am very confident that the measures that are currently in place are helping to slow the virus, and these measures will help to slow it further. i am not confident and nor is anybody confident that the tier 3 proposals for the highest rates, if we did the absolute base case and nothing more, would be enough to get on top of it. the base will not be sufficient. i think that's very clearly the professional view, but there are quite a lot more additional things that could be done within that with local guidance. >> reporter: so additional things he's talking about, details that the prime minister is currently trying to work out with many of the councils and local authorities in the north of the country where the infection rates are at their highest level. it's a balance of bringing the local populations and those councils along with the central govr government and you get this sense there's a rift in the country between science and the politics, and also different parts of the country, the north at the moment, where the infection rates are higher. people generally feel that the south is getting away with less restrictions. it's unbalanced and this is, again, the difficulty of the prime minister's position. >> absolutely. nicertson, many thanks to you, joining us live from 10 downing street, appreciate it. >>> and scott, let's go to you in berlin, what's behind the spike in infections across germany, and what's the government doing about it? >> hey, rosemary, yeah, so this spike in infections is quite concerning for this country, which has done a pretty good job of handling the coronavirus early on, seeing less than one quarter of the deaths that they saw for instance in the u.k. the spike is leading to long lines at testing sites. we'll take you to the front of the line here at one of the sites in berlin. some of the people we spoke to earlier today said that they had waited about, you know, an hour and a half, two hours to get to the front of the line, to get to the tests. a lot of people we spoke to as well said it was one of their colleagues, one of their family members, friends, that warned them they may have been exposed to the virus. that led them to coming here to the windows just getting a test on