and a whole large institution that's devoted to the research model and columbia's president nicholas andre butler comes in at the very beginning of the 20th century to with within really explicit vision of turning colombian to a research colossus and the college begins to be very much neglected and nicholas mary butler and as well as many other university leaders in fact it to to eliminate to abolish the college turn it into some kind of pre-professional feeder for the graduate school, and it was in response to a kind of institutional marginalization that columbia college. embraced and and an emphasize it's kind of double down in its. liberal mission in its non-professionalizing mission it kind of put down stakes as a school that was going to focus on the cultivation and maturation of individuals without a professional and to this day columbia college is not give bachelor's science degrees all the degrees. it gives our bachelors of arts at the center of that vision of that commitment of the college to the individual student rather than to the research disciplines that were arising at the center o