let's drill down on that question nick majuli is chief operating officer. nick, how much is investor behavior up this year? how much does it contribute to the market this year in the united states? >> so retail trading last year was at about 15% of total volume, and this year the first six months they've estimated, i think bloomberg estimated it was about 20%. some days securities are up 20,000 points, so you're seeing a big increase from last year for sure >> is that good or bad the long-time mantra on wall street was the market hits the top when the public gets in. you know, you have the irrational behavior of the markets. is that where we are right now, do you think is that what you're saying >> i don't think so. i think retail investing, retail investors specifically have been out of the market for a long time, and now they're starting to get back into it, get more interested in it i think it's great that a lot of young people are getting involved in this, and i don't necessarily see signs that this is a bubble behavior like we saw in the late '90s i thi