nick mullins. guest: excellent questions the first ess question, some things going into the water is heavy metals. that you mine, especially surface mining, taking the large chunks of mountain and rocks that would water would run through the nooks and cranies get heavy metals locked away, crushing them into a fine the r in some cases with blasting, that makes it more leeching of minerals and silennium and various metals like arsenic. it adds oxygen to sulfur around the coal scene, that creates acidification of the water. helps leech out more heavy metals. in the mining process itself, you have various oils of chemicals that leak out equipment. gears are used for heavy of motor oily kind for diesel power equipment and hydraulic fluid. i saw my fair share of that leaking into the mines as we worked. terms of retraining coal definitely a lot of opportunity to be able to work in abandoned mine reclamation, all the issues with reclamation d poor project and pre-reclamation, reclamation being process of

nick mullins. guest: excellent questions the first ess question, some things going into the water is heavy metals. that you mine, especially surface mining, taking the large chunks of mountain and rocks that would water would run through the nooks and cranies get heavy metals locked away, crushing them into a fine the r in some cases with blasting, that makes it more leeching of minerals and silennium and various metals like arsenic. it adds oxygen to sulfur around the coal scene, that creates acidification of the water. helps leech out more heavy metals. in the mining process itself, you have various oils of chemicals that leak out equipment. gears are used for heavy of motor oily kind for diesel power equipment and hydraulic fluid. i saw my fair share of that leaking into the mines as we worked. terms of retraining coal definitely a lot of opportunity to be able to work in abandoned mine reclamation, all the issues with reclamation d poor project and pre-reclamation, reclamation being process of

nick mullins is his name. minerifth-generation will be with us. guest: that is a good lineup. i want to address the ceo water concern you brought up. indeed come in by mentalists point that out a lot. environmentalists point that out a lot. when they come to capitol hill to testify, they bring water that is tainted and say this water has been tainted by the it doesn'tess that seem to make a big difference in thepolitical discussion people for more regulation will keep on with that belief. complicated -- the united mine workers of america had a pension and health-care plan. both are imperiled. lawmakers wanted to have congress step in and support these two benefit plans. they decided to start up with health care because they thought doing pensions and health care was too much of a risk. supporters of this will tell you there was a promise made to coal miners into the union for the government -- and to the union for the government to take over the pensions. there was a promise to do this -- since then, the federal government has stepped into back up those union benefits. legisla

up next, we'll hear from nick mullins, fifth generation coal miner who is writer activist and the r on the blog thoughtful coal miner. first, this is a picture from edition of the kevin hughes,st," long time murray energy employee icked to attend white house ceremony. regulations on coal debris being dumped into streams. up with kevin hughes out at powhatan point to about his work in the coal mines. guest: i'm general manager of the ohio county coal company, murray. from years this may. host: why did you get into it? in western jobs up, i lvania where i grew ot out of school and got married, started a family and the mining industry has been very good to me and my family. host: is it something generational family? guest: no, my father was a steel worker. i'm first generation. ost: what is a day in your job like? guest: as general manager, meetings on production and safety, we work on plans for the forward, deal with any kind of labor issues, several things, working with agencies on violations and/or safety aspects of that, also. host: how is coal mined in your mind? miner we use continu

and nick mullins, author of "the thoughtful coal miner blog" watch "washington journal" spotlight on the coal mining industry live tuesday morning at 7:00 a.m. eastern on c-span. >> "washington journal" continues. host: it is time for our "your money" segment. joining us from feeze, arizona, rafael carranza, with the "arizona republic" he reports on a border and a recent story of his takes a look how much it costs to deport one person from the united states. good morning. guest: thank you for having me on. host: the price tag you came up with was $11,000. first of all how did you get to this figure? guest: this is a government estimate. that's something that they calculated. we still don't have exact specifics how they did that. some of the estimates that come close to that as well, they took a look at the number of -- what was included in the budget for the previous fiscal year. and then the number of removals that took place or the number of flights or looking at the different processes of the deportation process and dividing that. that's more or less of best estimate. but there is

and nick mullins. watch live at 7:00 a.m. eastern on c-span. julia: we are standing in front of the turtle bay exploration park and museum in redding, california. come inside as we look at an event -- exhibit that shares the agricultural history of the region. i think it is really important for us to remember that agriculture is one of the backbones of california. even in far northern california, where it is mountainous and the trained does not really lend itself to a lot of big ag. it does lend itself to pockets in a community that is close to the land. bay expirationle park's explanation home. you

the via stockman, the vice director of the ohio valley environmental coalition and nick mullins, author of the thoughtful coal miner blog. like that life tuesday morning on c-span. >> i think it is really important for us to remember that agriculture is one of the backbones of california. even here where it is mountainous and where the terrain does not lend itself to a lot of big agriculture, it does lend itself to big pockets of agriculture and a community that is close to the land. >> starting with growing up in a small middle side of town, it's a good middle ground for someone who is going to be a journalist. as he got older, he received many accolades and the presiden m

our guests are robert murray, ohio republican congressman bill andson, vivian stockman, nick mullins,uthor of the "buffer coal miner" blog. live tuesday morning at 7:00 a.m. eastern on c-span. experience a fulfilling, purposeful life, one thing you will have to do is this. live a large life. >> you are your own stories. imagineefore free to and experience what it means to be human. we have a responsibility and our time as others had in to not be prisoners of history, but to shape history. our responsibility to history. >> hold fast to your values. thanks, value --, honesty,. >> just a few past commencement speeches from the c-span video library. watch commencement speaker -- hes this month. on c-span and the c-span. work. -- c-span.org. >> france elected a new president today, choosing centrist emmanuel macron. he becomes the youngest president in french history after receiving more than 60% of the final vote. next, a look at the election coverage, starting with marine le pen's concession speech. 24.s is courtesy france

republican congressman bill johnson, the vice director of the ohio valley environmental coalition and nick mullins, author of the thoughtful: her blog -- the thoughtful coal miner blog. live on c-span. all weekend long, american history tv is joining our charter communications able partners to showcase the history of redding, california. to learn more about the cities on our current tour, visit c-span.org/citiestour. we continue with our look at the history of redding. at the height of california's gold rush, this town of shasta had seven hotels, saloons, bars, wholesale businesses, retail businesses. you could see the shell of the businesses across the street, ones that were often abandoned between the 1870's and the 1880's, when the county seat moved from the courthouse and this building into downtown redding.

if you want to read more about nick mullins' work, it's thethoughtfulcoalminer.com. programl do it for our from powhatan point, ohio. special thank you to andrew jones, our drone pilot, they'll healthfully, our cameraman -- hellfly, -- hillfly, our cameraman. now we take you to capitol hill. for u.s. ambassadorships, including iowa governor terry branstad. there is also a hearing on john sullivan to be deputy secretary of coverage beginning now. [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2017] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] >> we are supportive of the three nominees we have here today. the rest, i think, we will take up, and i strongly urge our colleagues to support governor branstad. i thought he conducted the hearings and cooperated with the committee and is fully qualified. >> i do not think anyone misunderstood why he had been governor 23 years. certainly was able to answer questions. in a way that related to people. we look forward to his service. i

murray,ts are robert ohio republican congressman bill andson, vivian stockman, nick mullins, author of a blog. " onh "washington journal 7:00 eastern on c-span. with thethe hearing commander and acting assistant secretary for special operations command. they testified before the senate armed services committee about budget challenges, military readiness, and training. this is just under two hours. military readiness and training, and cooperation with international partners. this is just under two

and nick mullins, author of a blog. " onh "washington journal 7:00 eastern on c-span. with thethe hearing commander and acting assistant secretary for special operations command. they testified before the senate armed services committee about budget challenges, military readiness, and training. this is just under two hours. military readiness and training, and cooperation with international partners. this is just under two hours. >>> good morning. the senate armed services committee meets this morning to receive testimony on the posture of u.s. special operations command known as socom. i'd like to welcome ms. teresa whelan who is representing the office of the assistant secretary of defense for special operations in low intensity conflict and general tony thomas, the commander of socom. i thank our witnesses for appearing before the committee and for their many years of dedicated service to the nation. the purpose of today's hearing is to hear directly from the senior civilian and military leaders responsible for ensuring our special operations forces are trained, equ

our guests are robert murray, ohio republican congressman bill andson, vivian stockman, mullins.-- nick journal's"ington spotlight on the coal mining industry live at 7:00 a.m. eastern on c-span. >> next, a recent conference on president trump's first 100 days in office. this portion focuses on the president's foreign policy and how it compares to what was said

our guests are robert murray, ohio republican congressman bill andson, vivian stockman, mullins.-- nick journal's"ington spotlight on the coal mining industry live at 7:00 a.m. eastern on c-span. >> next, a recent conference on president trump's first 100 days in office. this portion focuses on the president's foreign policy and how it compares to what was said during the 2016 campaign. speakers included joel pollak and former officials from the obama, reagan, and clinton administration. from the university of southern california, this is one hour and a half. >> all right. managinghe assistant manager for los angeles times. i am a berkeley grad, i come here all the time. thanks everyone for being here. have been on maternity leave. have been on maternity leave. i'm finishing it up and going back next week so it has been interesting for me to absorb president trump's first 100 days and looking at not just what the l.a. times has been doing, but what my colleagues have been doing and the analysis here. it has been important for everybody. without further ado, we introduce this esteemed pa

murray,ts are robert owner of murray energy, allow republican congressman bill mullins,and nick author of the thoughtful coal miner blog. live tuesday morning at 7:00 p.m. eastern on c-span. >> a talks about thomas jefferson and his relationship with the enslaved hemmings family who lived and worked on his monticello plantation. she focuses on sally hemmings, who she argues had six children by jefferson. she is the author of the hemmings of minas tello -- monticello. this was part of the great lives lecture series. [applause] >> is perhaps appropriate that on thomas jefferson's

with us will be robert murray, republican congressman bill johnson, vivian stockman, and nick mullinsoffer -- author of a blog. watch washington journal spotlight on the coal mine industry on c-span. france's far right candidate marine le pen has conceded defeat to emmanuel macron and france's presidential election. we will hear from the president elect in a moment, but first a concession speech by marine le pen. ms. le pen: my fellow countrymen , from continental france, from abroad, overseas, the french have chosen a new president. they voted in favor of continuity. macron because i have the best interest of france in mind, and i wanted to wish him the very best. i wanted to thank the 11 million people who voted for me. they have given me their trust and the