but also nightsoil, and human waste. also, organic materials near the ocean, seaweed, leaves from the park. also, the use of cover crops and legumes, sometimes plowed into the land. all these were important to return nitrogen and other macronutrients to the soil. but there were two things about them farmers did not always love. one, they were labor-intensive. if shipping was labor-intensive, applying manure was, too. it did not allow for the maximization of one land for commercial production. that is an important point. it did allow for agriculture to be a more land-indeterminate thing. with this model of soil fertility management, we see in great britain across the 17th and 18th centuries, and emerging revolution that allowed for much more intensive agriculture on set pieces of land, sustainable over the long-term. i will explain this quickly, it is complicated. it involves replacing fallowed land, land out of production, replacing it with improved pasture. pasture grasses, some of which were luminous. they were used fo