the natural place to think about it is nih. but i presume dod is also doing funding projects, et cetera? >> well, senator, i'd like to stick to my department and just tell you what we're doing in the department of homeland security. we, through our review process, our compliance review group, looks at a total of about 200 projects that fall into what we call tier one, just regular experiments that don't rise to the level of concern. in the tier two, ones that could perhaps have some issues with perception. we do 12 to 15. and then in the highest category, we do five to ten. so a total of about 225 experiments per year of which all of them run through our compliance review group process. >> and those are all funded within dhs? >> they are, yes. >> so maybe dr. fauci, you are the one to turn to give us for the record a broader sense of how widely dual-use research is either being done or in federal agencies or funded by federal agencies. >> okay. so that's a very good question, mr. chairman. and it's important, as you did yoursel

and if the experiments which were funded by the nih were undertaken at all. on the one hand, there are those who say getting this information out could help other scientists better understand the mutant strain so they could prepare for a possible pandemic by investigating -- looking for natural mutations and developing vaccines and medications. the fact that these two research teams were able to create this new strain from existing genetic material means that nature could create it as well. in fact, many scientists said that that was quite likely. but given the lethality of the virus, others argued that publishing the results would create a huge security risk because it would offer a blueprint for a deadly biological weapon to rogue states or terrorists. of course, that's where this committee's interest is joined because of our responsibility for homeland security. in a recent speech at a biological weapons conference in geneva, secretary of state clinton warned that al qaeda in the arabian peninsula had, in fact, issued a call for, i quote, brothers with deg

the letter was sent to the executive secretary at the nih, dr. patterson. we responded on a point by point basis to everything in that letter. so we'd be more than happy to make that response available to you so that you could see the point by point discussion. again, there were important ibs about looking forward. there were several things in there that i must say quite frankly, mr. chairman, that i disagree with. one about the security briefing. as you know. i have a great deal of trust in the director of the national intelligence to tell us what we need to know. so that's just one example. the idea is as you mentioned, the idea about the picking of people who would be on. we did not get any indication of people he wanted to see. i can just say that i think the general principles brought up by dr. keim, i totally agree with. i just have to say for the record, i disagree with many of the things in his letter. >> no, i appreciate it and i thank you for it. do you have reaction that the moratorium should be extended and if so, for how long? >> i totally agre

soon after, the nih suspended all new chimp research grants.f the approximately 1,000 research chimps are retired? >> chimpanzees, if we don't have them today, we would find other ways of doing the research and i would argue better ways of doing it. >> i think some treatments for cancer, for certain auto immune diseases will be delayed. i think there will be suffering. i think there will be an increase in deaths among people. >> reporter: some researchers believe chimps will be instrumental in developing vaccines for emerging diseases we've not yet heard of and for hepatitis c. even if hep c, the nih insists it's doing everything it can to eliminate the need for chimps. >> just in the last year, investigators have developed a mouse model that can be infected with hepatitis c by introducing a human gene into the house. so we're busy trying to create alternative models to avoid the use of chimpanzees. >> reporter: but the nih is not ready to pull the plug entirely. >> we welcome the day when there's no need for the use of chimpanzees in research.

samosas probably coming through nih, okay. thanks very much. next, dr. chairman of the aforementioned national science advisory board for biosecurity. we thank you very much, dr. keim, for being here, and please proceed with your testimony now. >> chairman lieberman, thank you for holding this hearing on biological security, the risk of dual-use research. i am paul come, the acting chair of the national science advisory board, for biosecurity. i appreciate the opportunity to speak to you about dual-use research, and in particular about the boards activities at a recent evaluation of two scientific papers concerning that avian and h5n1 fires. it's been recognizer many years that signed second on different -- good purposes and then. this two-sided coin we refer to as dual-use research. the problem is that all biological research can be construed as having potential bad applications as well as there are good ones. the nsabb created a new term, dual use research of concern, or durc, as we've been saying, to distinguish normal research from that with exceptio

with no crystal ball in the future, the nih thinks retiring all of them would be a very bad idea. >> we don't know the future, there may be a reemergence of new disease, epidemic for which it's necessary to do research on chimps to save human lives. >> one of the questions that was addressed was do we need them in cases of bioterror threats experts say there are not enough, it would take far too long, they are too difficult to use. >> no time table for congress to put through the pact but the panel should make recommendations by the end of the year. that could spend the end of most chimp research. john zarella, cnn washington. >>> while chimp research be replaced by other experiments like stem cells before the expert panel makes their recommendations. tune in to cnn presents sunday night to see the rest of the report. >>> still ahead this morning, right here on sgmd, the man behind the music of drake. alicia keys, lil wayne. struck with a disease that could take away his ability to make music. >>> up next, sightless, killed by cars, one mother says police are simply looking the other

the letter was sent to the executive secretary of the nsabb, who is at the nih, dr. than happy to make that response available to you so that you could see the point by point discussion. again, there were important issues about looking for. there were several things in there that i must say quite frankly, mr. chairman, that i actually disagree with. one of which was the concern about the security briefing. as you know, i have a great deal of trust and the director in the director of national intelligence to tell us what we need to know. so that's just one example. the idea, as you mentioned about the picking of people who were beyond, we did not get any indication from doctor ostrom about people he wanted to see their who were not there. so rather than go tit for tat on that i could just say that i think the general printable summer brought up by dr. keim i don't agree with. i just have to say for the record that a disagree with many of the things in his letter. >> no, i appreciate that, and i thank you for it. do you have a reaction to dr. inglesby suggestion that t

with no crystal ball into the future, the nih thinks retiring all of them would be a very bad idea. >> we don't know the future. there would be maybe a reemergence of new disease and epidemic for which it's necessary to do research on chimpanzees to save human lives. >> one of the questions that was addressed by the irm is do we need chimpanzees in case there's a bioterror threat or any of the rest of it, and the experts at the iom panel said you're crazy. there are not enough chimpanzees. it would take far too long. they're far too difficult to use. brirchlgts there's no deadline for congress to push, but the panel should make its recommendations by the end of the year. that could spell the end of most chimp research. >>> i guess the question remains will chimp research be replaced by other types of experiments? like using stem cells, for example, before the expert panel makes its recommendations. tune in to cnn presents this sunday night and see the rest of john's report. >>> still ahead this morning right here on sgmd the man behind the music of drake. alicia keys, lil wayne. noah

fauci you discuss nih funded efforts to develop a universal influenza vaccine and dr. ingalls focusing on h5n1 and i wonder whether they will lead organizations that fund vaccine research to increase the priority that you're placing on these kinds of research efforts. >> the answer is a re sounding yes. the situation, there are a couple of ways of getting rid of this problem. one of the them i think mentioned in testimony and discussions we had is kill the chicken that have it and make sure we get rid of the reservoir. that's very difficult to do because you have countries that are not necessarily interested for economic and other reasons. the other thing is to have available counter measures that actually work and work really very well, and the idea of getting a universal influenza vaccine is not only going to be very important for seasonal influenza so we don't have to keep chasing each year getting the right combination and matching it with what is circulating out there but also it is a major, major counter measure against the emergence of a pandemic, so we are putt

they have to fill out a form that is very specific for the nih >> it's about 30 pages single-spaced, every step in every experiment. >> which hughes investigators don't have to do? >> yes, the paperwork for a government grant is sort of like filling out your tax forms, in contrast, and we want to free up people to think about their science, not think about filling out forms. >> so this is your lab? >> yes. >> hughes investigator doug melton at harvard is thinking about a cure for juvenile diabetes. >> and i can think, as i do most every waking moment of the day, "how am i gonna get those cells to become insulin-producing cells?" and the hughes makes that possible. >> instead of worrying about "how am i gonna get a grant next year?" >> right. that's right. >> melton wouldn't have gotten a federal grant at all for this research. he's working with stem cells from human embryos. in 2001, president bush imposed his stem cell ban, in which he tried to balance the objections of opponents of abortion against the wishes of scientists to work with collections of stem cells called "lines." >> h

the germanic train injury after 2008 reauthorize the program and also authorize cdc and nih to conduct a study to examine the information gathered by hhs, assess appropriate interventions and develop practice guidelines. i look forward to the results of the study which will come out in november of this year. the 2008 act also focused on the incidence and prevalence of tbi, uniform reporting in linking individuals with tbi to support services and academic institutions to conduct research. i would like to hear an assessment from each of our witnesses of these federal programs. what have we learned about the causes, the diagnoses, the treatment of tbi through hhs' epperson how is that knowledge being applied in world war i situations. i would also like to hear their ideas about where we should go from here. i would like to say a special hello to dr. flaura winston from the children's hospital of philadelphia who is a one-stroke role institution it is certainly of my constituents. i would also like to welcome those with us today who have tbi as well as their families and caregivers to make

nih researchers say a brand-new experimental drug reduced autism symptoms in mice. researchers hope to eventually use that drug to treat children. no. 2, h&r block is closing about 200 locations and cutting about 350 jobs. the company has been focusing on its traditional tax preparation business and shedding its brokerage and mortgage lending operations. the move will save the company about $100 million by 2013. no. 1 tonight, now that the space shuttle discovery has settled in its new d.c. home it's time for the enterprise to hitch a ride to its new new york home. the space shuttle will fly piggyback on the same 747 as discovery. it's expected to lift off from dulles airport tomorrow between 9:30 and 11:30 a.m. and that's tonight's fox 5 top five. >>> did you see this? strong gusts of wind putting pilots to the test in spain. winds were whipping more than 40 miles per hour in the airport in dildeao yesterday. one plane barely made it to the ground, another pulling up fast at the last minute. amazingly no injuries. several planes were rerouted to different airports.

warning was there a specific moment of truth you brought back a couple of reputable up at the yes at the nih to russia summit to lisbon we decided that russia and nato when they don't perform a joint in the alice's and develop into missile defense system as our opinions diverged later on we saw nato adopt the phased adaptive approach which is a four stage plan to create a missile defense network capable of intercepting ballistic missiles including i.c.b.m.'s by two thousand and twenty with what not and that can significantly undermine russia's nuclear capability that is our concern that we have voiced that every level of negotiation but we advocated a joint missile defense network and proposed a number of modalities in which nato found an acceptable for some reason and we saw that while professing its interest in comp aeration nato is working strictly according to its plan what's more need to held a missile. defense exercise earlier in april which proved their existing missile defense capabilities are efficient and nato's forthcoming summit in chicago is expected to come up with a statement

nih seniorhealth.gov.th you in mind. >>> more on tonight's developing news in modesto where a gunman shot and killed an officer and barricaded himself. >> reporter: just a few minutes ago a large group of onlookers toll me law enforcement asked them to leave behind our camera and that's exactly what they did. i want to show you what they're looking at. i just got in touch with the fire department and they told us they don't know how the fire started. initially i thought it was something they did to flush out the suspect, but that's not the case here. they've been trying to make contact with him. i said, is there any reason to feel he's alive. they say they don't know. the last time they made contact was around 3:30. everybody at my shot at 10:15, you could hear them talking over a loud speaker. the primary concern is to get this fire out, they have the fire department working on it right now. they're also trying to get the gunman out. they have no idea whether he's alive or not but they're taking every pre

. >> what right doesç the fda an nih have the right to tell a dying person what to do with his or hern offend. many catholics were angered by this demonstration at st. patrick's cathedral in new york. to criticize the church's opposition to homosexuality and communism. sometimes the group attacks individuals. act up proclaimed former new york city health commissioner steven joseph was more dangerous than the aids virus. >> their goals are the right ones and the tactics very much the wrong ones. brown shirt, stormtrooper, unwillingness to see any other point of view and a willingness to condemn any other point of view as evil on it. >> i am so sick of hearing about our tactics offending people. the vietnam war was not ended by people being nice. nice people walk into gas chambers. >> reporter: mark harrington has made an expert on aids. he helped organize today's demonstration. >> i call that the inside/outside strategy. >> reporter: strategy, enormously successful to get the fda to loosen new regulations for aids. now they are trying to force scientists to work faster to develop and t

data can help us is that the researchers themselves often do not share data with each other and the nih is in a position to actually force researchers to unlock the key to their research databases so that other researchers can verify whether or not particular cures or treatments are actually valid. so i think in combination of all these efforts of assembling data and sharing it are really one of the keys to unlocking the cost puzzle. >> and will some of this, then, if we find these patterns, if we access this data in smart ways, will it require both the government and also private pairs to change the way they reimburse providers based on what evidence based this practice is? how will this get driven through the system if it unfolds the way you hope? >> in one sense it can be voluntary voluntary. we hope the organizations like dr. loves who focuses on breast cancer, and others whether it's heart disease or others, they can access their database and ask patients if they want their information shared, and different databases can share with each other. that's certainly one thing that can be

if we only looked at short term, we would not do a lot of research data nih. understand the point, if you look at what the benefit will have right now, you can say that there is not a lot of surveillance capabilities of high sequencing but the incremental accumulation of knowledge is one of the fundamental principles that the research agenda is built upon. i think there is disagreement on that. >> a response? >> i completely agree with what you said. i agree that a fundamental research and understanding principles is critical and part of the mission. i think this is one specific and rare example where i think the bar for whether to proceed with this line of research should be beyond a deeper understanding of biology. in general, i completely agree that the test for basic science should not be for if it has practical science. a lot of proponents have been arguing for urgent benefits and in my view i have not seen a compelling case. >> this leads me to ask you doctor, in some sense it is a question at the margins, when considering research that was seen as a res

and a much anticipated study commissioned by the national institutes of health, nih, found the use ofuote, unnecessary. the growing concern for sanctuary and laboratory officials is what to do with all these animals if suddenly they can no longer be used for research. chimps can easily live more than 50 years. and the daily cost for care between $25 and $50 per animal. >> we could probably take 40, 50, 60 more chmpanzees if just this outside area was completed. >> reporter: money is the reason it's been sitting unfinished for six years. ever since the contractor went bankrupt and costs escalated. the chimps here come from a variety of backgrounds. henry was a pet. he lived 15 years in a cage in a garage before his rescue. 50-year-old sarah was used in cognitive research. so these chimpanzees behind me, there are five of them, are here for one very specific reason. nobody else will take them. they were at one time infected with and carry the aids virus. most of chimp haven's animals were research subjects. >> it's amazing to see them experience breeze for the first time. some of these

fauci, you discuss nih-funded efforts to develop a universal influenza vaccine, and dr. inglesby highlights the ongoing efforts to develop vaccines focused on h5n1. i wonder whether the findings of these kinds of studies will lead nih and other organizations that fund vaccine research to increase the priority that you're placing on these kinds of research efforts. >> the answer is a resounding, yes. the situation, there are a couple of ways of getting rid of this problem. one of them i think dr. inglesby mentioned in his testimony, certainly in some discussions we've had, just kill the chickens that have h5n1 and make sure that we just get rid of the reservoir. that's very difficult to do because you have countries that are not very interested for economic and other reasons. the other thing is to have available countermeasures that actually work and work really very well. and the idea of getting a universal influenza vaccine is not only going to be very important for seasonal influenza so we don't have to keep chasing each year getting the right combination and matching

nih, lookingand good. and the weather. one more make -- much warmer.ry comfortable. 55. 50 in martinsburg. 48 in gaithersburg. dela spragg -- dulles airport, 47. on our way to the mid-70's. a brief thunder shower in virginia possible. tomorrow, cooler. >> thank you. >>> alec baldwin is blowing up twitter again. there you see him with his new fiancee, yoga instructor, hilaria thomas. and some reporters tried to crash thomas' yoga class to get a picture of the ring opinion and did baldwin go off over that. >>> good morning, katie. robin is off this week. >> and also this morning, she was born a he. and that disqualified her from donald trump's pageant. he reversed that decision. he'll tell us why exclusively on "gma." >>> and paula deen is turning up the heat. she has been in a war with anthony bourdain. and she is striking back against her fellow chef. we'll have the latest on it in a little bit. >>> we are almost over the hump. >> that's right. it's humpday. i'm happy to be here, as always. but you know, this schedule is pretty exhausting. i called my

and a much anticipated study commissioned by the national institutes of health, nih, found the use ofe growing concern for sanctuary and laboratory officials is what to do with all these animalses if suddenly they can no longer be used for research. chimps can easily live more than 50 years. and the daily cost for care between $25 and $50 per animal. >> we could probably take 40, 50, 60 more chimpanzees if just this outside area was completed. >> reporter: money is the reason it's been sitting unfinished for six years. ever since the contractor went bankrupt and costs escalated. the chimps here come from a variety of backgrounds. henry was a pet. he lived 15 years in a cage in a garage before his rescue. 50-year-old sarah was used in cognitive research. so these chimpanzees behind me, there are five of them, are here for one very specific reason. nobody else will take them. they were at one time infected with and carry the aids virus. most of chimp haven's animals were research supple. >> it's amazing to see them experience breeze for the first time. some of these chimps haven't even

stomach, full disclosure, my chairman of medicine, marty blazer is a huge researcher on this for the nih has a great point to make. he thinks before overtreating it and overusing antibiotics in general by the hygiene hypothesis and wipe out the good bacteria while going after the bad and h-pylori is associated with peptic ulcer disease and stomach cancer and you can imagine why people want to treat it and you do the endoscopy and show irritation to the lining or ulcer symptoms you want to treat it. hopefully the viewer actually has something like that. but, to just treat it because it is there, may have a downside, and every time -- >> jamie: how, how do you treat it. >> like he said, with two weeks, with at least two antibiotics. usually amo usually... >> eric: i have to ask the question, what should you be eating. >> a study shows pro biotics work and flavinoids and apples, and foods that suck up the acid. including fiber works. >> and probiotic and the triple medication is the best way. >> jamie: we look for these e-mails and ask a question that affects so many people and h-pylori doe

public health officials like nih's anthony fauci have struggled with how to communicate the risks of vaccines without causing undue fear from common side effects such as mild fevers and serious adverse events that are extremely rare. >> to say that there is no risk in any vaccine would not be truthful. what is the risk of injecting something into someone's arm? the risk is that a certain proportion of people will get swelling and a little bit of pain, lasting from an hour to a day. that is a very acceptable risk. a very, very, very small percentage of people will get an allergic reaction. namely, there's a component of the vaccine that they didn't realize that they were allergic to. and then there's a subset of a very, very, very, very small percentage of those who actually can get a serious reaction. but if you look at that, the risk of that is so minisculely small as to be completely outweighed by the benefit. >> narrator: the cdc's web site tries to convey all these risks accurately even when scientists are not sure the vaccines are in fact responsible. here's what it says about t