as long as this committee funded nih or the congress funded nih at a minimum of inflation, then that money would flow on top of it and be a supplement to it. i've been preaching this for 25 years. that some of this health insurance money that we spend ought to go for research and i'm sorry the health insurance industry has always opposed it. but it seemed to me that -- i just say this, this is one way of getting some amount of money that you know every year is going to be there. with that, thank you very much dr. collins. we'll town our second panel. >> thank you. >> dr. michael herd, congressman dennis moore and mr. seth rogan. while they dome the table i'll go ahead and introduce them. first, dr. michael herd, a senior principal researcher at the rand corporation. where he directs the rand center for the study of ageing. also a professor at the party rand graduate school in santa monica, california. his research focuses on economics of retirement, social security and social welfare systems and other topics related to the ageing. congressman moore who has served in the house of repr

as long as this committee funded nih or the congress funded nih at a minimum of inflation, then that money would flow on top of it and be a supplement to it. i've been preaching this for 25 years. that some of this health insurance money that we spend ought to go for research and i'm sorry the health insurance industry has always opposed it. but it seemed to me that -- i just say this, this is one way of getting some amount of money that you know every year is going to be there. with that, thank you very much dr. collins. we'll town our second panel. >> thank you. >> dr. michael herd, congressman dennis moore and mr. seth rogan. while they dome the table i'll go ahead and introduce them. first, dr. michael herd, a senior principal researcher at the rand corporation. where he directs the rand center for the study of ageing. also a professor at the party rand graduate school in santa monica, california. his research focuses on economics of retirement, social security and social welfare systems and other topics related to the ageing. congressman moore who has served in the house of repr

nih has funded a lot of research in that area. i'm going to turn to my colleague, dr.otus, to summarize. >> thank you for the very important question. we have to make lifestyle choices every day. there's no such thing as not making a choice. we do by our actions. there's no question that in general issues of health that exercise, diet are important in many aspects, and they correlate to risk factors for alzheimer's disease. we know that having high blood pressure or inactivity or overweight are associated with an increased risk of alzheimer's disease. but the critical question you asked, do we know with certainty what activity, what exercise, what diet will decrease the probability developing alzheimer's disease is a question being addressed by ongoing research for which we do not currently have a definitive answer. i would emphasize again, there's important research going on in those areas. there are studies looking at the effect of exercise intervention on individuals before they develop alzheimer's, who are at early stages of alzheimer's. in years to come, we'll hav

what few people outside the industry see is the national institutes of health, nih, which funds most of the basic biomedical research that goes on in the world really. almost $30 billion a year in spending. those numbers have gone up recently. the red on that graph is the stimulus which added a little bit to it, but it still remains way up there. i argue in the book that basic biomany medical research is in the nature of a -- biomedical research is in the nature of a public good. it benefits us all, but a private company can't really produce it because they can't really charge for it. if you make a finding, it's a law of nature. it's not patentable. it's there for everyone to use, and it's necessary to develop new drugs. but it's almost impossible to charge for. it's also highly speculative. when you invest in understanding cell structure or the function of genes, you don't know whether it will lead to nothing, lead to something in 50 years, lead to something next year. so a private company can't take that risk. what do we do? the government steps in as it has since the 1930s. they p

between all the technology that's out there and hopefully increased research at nih, doubled nih funding between 1995 and 2005, i'd like to see it doubled again, and nih funding and other research can make a tremendous difference in how we deal with people's health care challenges, howie prevent challenges, and from becoming as big as they otherwise might be, what we can do can make this really a great decade and great future for health care and for those who provide health care and, clearly, at the front of all of that argument, we're going to see hospitals and the changing role of hospitals. i look forward to being part of that as your role changes, but i look forward to being part of the immediate challenges faced by trying to be sure that trying to start a new program we don't make it

secondly, we need the nih and dod to look at the short and long-term consequences of concussions. we have heard testimony of individuals who have had one or more concussions, long-term consequences. some sense of the epidemiology and what treatment and interventions may be, and what rehabilitation may be. the fourth recommendation was to the ncaa and national federation of state high school associations to look at age-appropriate techniques and playing standards. your first panel talked a bit about that, mostly at the professional level. but can you change the manner in which the sport is practiced and the rules of engagement in the sport that may decrease the risk of concussion? there was one example from the hockey area where they changed the level where they allow body checking and felt they saw a decrease in concussion. we think that same examination should take place at the college and elementary and high school level to see whether they can have the same impact. the fifth recommendation had to do with a better study of the role for protective equipment. your first panel talk

he applied for nih funding and got the highest possible score. but because of declining support for nih that did not guarantee that you would be funded. when the qualifiers relisted, the top three were funded. he used to be that maybe six or eight of those were funded. he was number four. >> yeah. >> the cutoff was three. >> no funding. >> so how could he advance extraordinary work without the funds out there? that is a lesson to us of a very specific sort. and also a very troubling one -- >> so it is going to happen to him -- >> he has been doing it more slowly. he has not been able to advance as quickly as he would have. i hope he has a good result and his next grant will be funded. i hope you will break through on that. but is a lesson to all of us. here this extraordinarily destructive disease, destructive human capacity -- >> and would have be slowing down one of the important elements in trying to reduce the impact, yet at the same time, you got one of the largest single grant it never received for $150 million. >> that is not a federal gif

we need the nih and the short and long-term consequences of concussions.ave heard testimony individuals who have had one or long-termssions, consequences of. the epidemiology and what treatment and interventions may be, and what rehabilitation may be. to fourth recommendation was the ncaa and national federation of state high school associations to look at age-appropriate techniques and playing standards. your first panel talked a bit about that, mostly at the professional level. but can you change the manner in which the sport is practiced and the rules of engagement in the sport that may decrease the risk of concussion? there was one example from the hockey area where they changed the level where they allow body checking and felt they saw a decrease in concussion. we think that same examination should take place at the college and elementary and high school level to see whether they can have the same impact. the fifth recommendation had to theith a better study of role for protective equipment. your first panel talked a lot about that. the committee had

. $30 million with the nih which is the artist grants that the nfl had ever given. the first 12 million and -- $12 million of that have gone out to study dramatic brain injury, and we have a partnership with under armour and an electric to improve the diagnosis and treatment of concussion. find better ways to protect against concussion in the first place. these are ongoing issues and ones that we think are going to yield significant successes in a short amount of time. i apologize for exceeding the limit, but i appreciate the time. >> mr. hollenbeck. >> thank you for the invitation to testify. u.s. football creates import standards rooted in education price cool football. we stand with experts in medicine, child advocacy and support to believe that education changes behavior for the better. this is precisely what we are seeing for our heads up the ball program, which is already benefiting wanted 25% of youth football leagues across the country in its first 14 months. we expect to double that this year. we advance safety derivatives based on his by independent expert

we have a piece coming up that shows nih will be funded at 30.2 billion.hat, in real term money, equivalent to the level that george w. bush funded nih in 2002. we're not making people whole. we're lagging pretty badly. but as if you were to look at what republicans are saying, this is the most reckless spending possible. >> sam, on that note, the president say, our budge it is about choices, about values and this is expected to go nowhere, it's a moral document in the most sort of clear fashion from the white house. at the same time, you know, the president puts this out there and it's greeted with, vitriol and also sort of in the days coming, i think, crickets. dave camp announced a major piece of tax reform, which you can agree with or not but his own party put the nails in the coffin and said it was going nowhere. republicans feel like they have to no longer answer policy with no policy. >> look at senate democrats not putting forth a budget because murray and ryan established parameters. i think the biggest question going four is what the house republ

nih seniorhealth.gov. built with you in mind. >> ever take a close look at your state flag? you should because you might be surprised at how much you can learn from it. here's brandon with this week's lesson. >> louisiana has a unique distinction. since the first europeans arrived, 10 flags have flown over the territory. that's more than any other u.s. state. in 1519, spanish explorers planted their flag. they were followed by the french in 1682. later on, napoleon's tricolor was displayed. then, in 1763, great britain gained a foothold in the region. in 1810, local colonists united against the british under a flag known as "the bonnie blue." finally, in 1812, louisiana achieved statehood. it looked like the stars and stripes were here to stay. but with the civil war, louisiana withdrew from the union. it declared itself a republic, with its own flag, of course. but two months later, it joined the confederacy. louisianans would live under two different confederate flags before the war ended. finally, in 1912, louisiana adopted the flag we see today. >> the louisiana flag i l

we are working on doing those studies through nih and irb that will make it so it's appropriately studied. >>how did this come to you? >>i was at a party with dr. steven leemy co-founderand he brought up the idea of online eye exams and i said that's a great idea. that's where it started about 16 months ago. >>that's a classic american entrepreneurial story. >>i said revolutionizethe potential is pretty big here. is it competitive to what opthamologists do or will they embrace it? >>it is a very large potential market. it could help millions of people around the world. 50 million people in the u.s. don't have access to eye care or corrective vision2.5 billion around the world. and our tests can make it much more accessible. no is it comparative to an in office visit? partially. it does the refractive part of the eye exam. >>well you can get your prescription with that. we didn't mention that one of the key selling features is that it is very inexpensive. >>yes. it is inexpensive. it will be about $30 per exam. > >aaron dallekthanks so much. >>thank you. fascinating story bill...coming up

encouraging nih research funding, i wish we had the money to increase it drastically. is that that funding is getting pressured, squeezed out by the growth of entitlement spending. i have a slide here. this is something that president obama said in 2011. if you look at the numbers, medicare particular, it will run out of money and we will not be able to sustain that program, no matter how much taxes go up. it is not an option for us to just sit by and do nothing. next slide. this is what i call the pacman problem. i use this to explain to folks to come visit me why the funding that they are in favor of, which often i favor, nih funding for example, why it is under pressure. it is under pressure because the yellow part of a which we isognize as pacman continuing to close its mouth on all of the things that you referred to as refunds -- investments. a jjecretary after secretary have talked to both administrations, republican and democrat who raise their budget as fixing the problem. the problem persists. i would invite you to work with ,s for real reform on medicaid and

the do the air the sister was so warm lol the water or the poor the nih or field director and she was a grand feeder great human being. people were drawn to him she was able to strike people with his ninety s he was deeply fond of catholic history the people of kazakhstan present mode of life art and folkloric secure lock as a crutch a profoundly and the same time she was an internet so it's his friends were of all nationalities of the former citing pm. she was loved and respected for these qualities and with breakfast for more. i don't see an exquisite two runs in his room to assist us in the moscow concluded it wasn't a senate seat the castaway more than forty years ago. it's not cinematography has lost one of its right is meeting me there is the acting world has lost a talented actor and one family lost a good father and grandfather. the memory of glorious again i'm honest is a light and look at the recent his talents. what season it could have known blue. she was a matinee person bringing adler idf people together. i beamed ceiling being around to get people using a forty forty ye

. >> you have a future at nih or the rand corporation i don't know which. did you have anything else? >> only this mr. chairman. thank you very much to these witnesses and to the earlier panel. grateful for you allowing for us to have this hearing today. i appreciate the folks across the country who are observing this hearing. we understand how important this issue is and we want to continue our efforts who want to find the cure and provide hope to the american people. on a more pedestrian matter senator collins ask that she have a statement made part of our record and without objection it is ordered. i would join with my friend and colleague senator rand thanking you all. thank you for your great leadership and all of you who are here today. i know you came a great distance. i want you to know. this is an issue that we are serious about. and we've got to find the funding for it. we have to make sure we have a steady stream of funding. this up and down can't continue. i was happy that i was able to join years ago the funding for nih but since then it has go

attrition labels for it later, hearing on alzheimer's disease with testimony from the director of the nih and actor seth rogen. >> the new www.c-span.org website makes it easier than ever to keep tabs on washington, d.c. and share your finds with facebook, twitter, and other social networks. easy search functions like you new tools make it simple to create short video clips and share them with your friends via facebook, twitter, and other social networks or you can send links to your video clips with e-mail. find the share tools on our video player or look for the green icon links all over the site. watch washington on the new www.c-span.org and if you see something of interest, clip it and share it with your friends. in just a moment, we will be taking your calls live along with viewers tweets and facebook comments. in the upcoming primaries in texas and illinois and the special election in florida. and a look at changes to nutrition labels on wreckage food by the fda. we will be joined by the american university representative. defense news reporter paul mcleary will discuss pentagon ef

entirely out of this opportunity growth and sustainability initiative or will it come out of other nihme explain. this is out of the budget which is within the ryan-murray envelope, $30 million to utilize within our common fund to tackle projects which would be particularly appropriate for the darpa model where you have a project manager who identifies a bold, innovative strategy to tackle a really important problem. and then has the freedom to go out and recruit those who might contribute to it. small companies, individual academics. put this together into a team but not sort of taking the maybe sometimes year or two that it might, to go through the usual grant solicitation and award and not always getting exactly the team he hoped for. so this puts the project manager in a much stronger position to scope this whole enterprise. and for darpa that's been pretty successful model with things like gps and internet and a few other things that turned out pretty well. we are very pleased to be able to have the authority in the $39 to tackle projects of that sort. one that we're thinking abou

you also additional resources in there for nih and for disease research and prevention. i think those are all positives. melissa: it is hard to talk about infrastructure in a positive light though because we see crumbling roadways everywhere but we always have. we had the shovel-ready jobs supposedly ready to go and we don't see it changed. when you talk about spending evening more on it, how do we know this time it will go to the right place? >> you have to recognize that the some of the things you're referring to there happened with tarp or should say with the stimulus and they never really got it going. but the highway bill that the congress passed last year, map 21, did a lot in streamlining projects to drive prices an costs down on infrastructure so we get more for the money that taxpayers are spending. we're still behind but the process is much simpler today. melissa: what do you think about the cause, i'm sorry the call to raise the minimum wage? >> i come from northern wisconsin where the cost of live something relatively low. i don't think a national program for

on the market, and published a paper in an environment of health perspectives, which is the premier nihrnal which found virtually all commercially available plastics have estrogenic activity. among the plastics he tested were tritan products, several tritan products. and this publication, this finding prompted pretty big backlash from the industry. so he ended up being targeted by the industry as a result. in fact, was sued by eastman, that any of the documents formed the basis of my story were released as a result of that lawsuit. >> i want to read from a memo that eastman's senior chemist wrote after customers began asking about george bittner's test that showed tritan may still be estrogenic. he describes a meeting with whole foods executives who are considering replacing their polycarbonate bulk food bins with once made from tritan. he wrote -- can you respond to that, mariah blake? >> i think you chose the most telling possible quote. this was the strategy they used. first, they work to discredit bittner and it is the campaign of personal character assassination -- and did this cam

if we don't have the infrastructure, which is research, nih, alzheimer's, everything. plus the hard stuff, the roads, we have been through five lines in west virginia. nobody knows where they are. they carry gas. somebody goes into building house, and breaks through five layers of five line nobody knew were there. at some point there is no sense of forgiveness. if we are going to be a serious country, continue to be a serious country, we have to do infrastructure. we have no choice. if you said are you for raising the gas tax, i would say yes. i believe in user fees. i always have area and if you have an objective you want, you want to bill rhodes, then you do that which is necessary to make it happen. if you choose not to, your ideologically pure, you win your next election, and you decline. or people make the conclusion as they have on our water spill for which there was no federal regulation whatsoever, of which i was probably responsible because i was governor for eight years. but did nothing about it. if you don't take responsibility, you have no future. that gets

how to get the fda, the nih, the government, the drug companies t have been doing, and that was a very different sort of activism. ultimately became much more focused on treatment activism because the treatments were starting to trickle out. we were just desperate to expedite them and waiting for the next one and trying to get it. that was very important. but in the process, the human rights based approach to the epidemic was concerned about privacy and confidentiality and also about patient autonomy and stigma, kind of got put to the side. and that's where a.i.d.s. activism began, fighting that stick half. we're in a catchup phase where is there is renewed effort of -- like the criminalization that he referred to. so, the book has lots of fun, juicy stuff of me, peaking out a window with gore vidal and getting tennessee williams to sign the letter for the human rights campaign fund, and fun stuff like that, and i also hope it will akuwait a lot of people with the early years of the epidemic because there were some awfully good ideas then that we could revisit and we need to today. so,

health, particularly the national institute for allergy and infectious diseases, tony fauci's part of nih. they and over 80%of the infectious disease research funding comes either from us or from them. so they are a deep collaborator there. with world bank, the thing that we're super excited about there's two things we're super excited about doing together. one is fixing primary health care because some african governments have done it well, a lot have not. and it's basically a personnel system. and we're doing a report card, like the world bank doing business report card. and we're going to do that in the agricultural space, which is really about how do you turn your agricultural sector into to make it as market driven as possible. are you taking the latest seeds? are you educating your farmers? are your pricing policy, storage policies such that your farmers are being uplifted that the productivity and incomes are going up? so we have some ambitious goals of things we want to do with the bank. we actually a lot of funding we do is through the bank. it shows up because we create like our

education, job training, nih spending, spending that has returned overtime and equipped the populationith the knowledge and skills to come up with new innovations, new ideas that make us healthier, happier, and more economically prosperous. spending on medicare and social security is rising, and spending on that category -- and spending is in decline. that is a big problem facing our country's future. host: the "washington post" editorial board agrees with that imo from one of our viewers saying the budget comes up short. without projects and entitlement, the government's hands are tied. "usa today's" editorial saying obama's budget docs tough itices on benefits, saying would spend more on mandatory benefits ban on all other government auctions over the next decade. here are the numbers in trillions. the benefits programs, 31 trillion dollars. nasa -- national defense, $6 trillion. interest payments almost $6 trillion. this is over a decade of mandatory benefits. is written byiew jay carney, the white house spokesman, saying that the budget presents the president's plan for creating jo

we think the fda, the cdc, and the nih are the organizations that should at her and communicate to adultrs what are the differences and then let the regulations follow. the piecemeal approach by the sensibilities prior to the science and fda -- >> you mean banning the e cigarettes. >> banning them. >> you are a small portion, but are you not taking market share from cigarette makers? >> clearly. >> people treat them like a different version of smoking. >> product use might be the same, but regulation must be different. it is not determined what is the harmfulbenefit -- the aspects. quick to are saying there is no >> youom being around -- are saying there is no harm from being around an electronic cigarette? >> we are not saying anything. we would like the fda to weigh in and then let that guide the regulations. the fda is looking at these products. >> what is taking so long? have they not been studying this for a while? respect to the fda, i think it is a complicated product. they have had decades to look at cigarettes. i cannot speak to what is happening. we want to work with them. misn

. $30 million with the nih which is the artist grants that the nfl had ever given. the first 12 million and -- $12 million of that have gone out to study dramatic brain injury, and we have a partnership with under armour and an electric to improve the diagnosis and treatment of concussion. find better ways to protect against concussion in the first place. these are ongoing issues and ones that we think are going to yield significant successes in a short amount of time. i apologize for exceeding the limit, but i appreciate the time. >> mr. hollenbeck. >> thank you for the invitation to testify. u.s. football creates import standards rooted in education price cool football. we stand with experts in medicine, child advocacy and support to believe that education changes behavior for the better. this is precisely what we are seeing for our heads up the ball program, which is already benefiting wanted 25% of youth football leagues across the country in its first 14 months. we expect to double that this year. we advance safety derivatives based on his by independent expert

the mission a hamburg has an impressive background as a doctor, and nih scientists, and dr. hamburg, we thank you for sharing your expertise with the committee and being here today. your statement, which is an extensive statement, which i got through yesterday, last night, will be made part of the record in its entirety. i would like to give you up to 10 minutes to go through that if you would like. rather than five. however close you can keep it below 10 minutes. i will request that the record made open for 10 days -- record remain open for 10 days. leave.0, i have to both of us have to leave. >> [inaudible] >> ok, good. i think senator franken said he would take over at that time if we continue on beyond that time, but we are managing a bill on the floor that we have to leave four at 10:30. again, welcome, and please proceed. >> thank you very much, and i know that you are pressed for time, so i wanted to keep my oral statement relatively short. really, thank you, mr. chairman, and members of the committee or the opportunity to be here to discuss with regard to the impleme

if we don't have the infrastructure, which is research, nih, alzheimer's, everything. roads,e hard stuff, the we have been through five lines in west virginia. nobody knows where they are. they carry gas. somebody goes into building house, and breaks through five layers of five line nobody knew were there. at some point there is no sense of forgiveness. to be a serious country, continue to be a serious country, we have to do infrastructure. we have no choice. said are you for raising the gas tax, i would say yes. i believe in user fees. i always have area and if you have an objective you want, you want to bill rhodes, then you do that which is necessary to make it happen. if you choose not to, your ideologically pure, you win your next election, and you decline. or people make the conclusion as spill foron our water which there was no federal regulation whatsoever, of which i was probably responsible because i was governor for eight years. but did nothing about it. responsibilityke , you have no future. bottom ofto the very what divides this country. it is not republic

nih fundeds, the brain initiative and other innovative products. through the health care workforce initiative the budget expands the national health service corps, enabling us to focus training dollars on the primary care workforce. for all of these proposed investments, the budget makes fiscally responsible choices, contributing 300 $69 billion to deficit reduction over the next decade. by incentivizing high-quality, efficient care, by continuing to reduce health care cost growth, strengthening medicare and medicaid with $415 billion over 10 years. we will also produce budget savings for taxpayers by continuing to crack down on wage fraud and abuse. every dollar that we invest in fraud and abuse controls and returned eight dollars and $.10 and money that we recover, which last year was a record-breaking four team $.3 billion. in many ways the budget reflects the notion from the book of matthew, that where your treasure is, there also your heart will be. than a ledger.e it is a statement of omission, intentions, and priorities. this budget exceed -

and republicans could come together to increase our investment in nondefense spending, things like nih and also increase military readiness i providing $28 billion in additional funds for those categories. >> let's talk about the earned income tax credit increase which many people have said is the greatest possibility for bipartisan agreement. do you see your bipartisan colleagues going along with that? >> i hope so. this is an extension of the earned income tax credit which people agree has been an effective tool for combating poverty and making sure work pays. the idea is to extend that to childless workers. toht now it applies individuals working without families and this would extended to childless workers at the most projections, it would help lift substantial numbers of people out of poverty. i hope we can move forward. the price tag over 10 years is about $78 billion. in budgeting, the question is how are you going to offset that? the president offset that by producing very tactic that -- very us tax rates and benefits other areas. i'm not sure our republican colleagues would ag

if you want to stop cancer cures then drive the best people out of nih. you speaking about a think would send a message. dr. harris. >> thank you very much and thank you for appearing before the committee today. i want to thank the fbi for doing the job. i asked mr. mueller about this last year with a mate's background system. i have to tell you it's one of the smoothest running parts of the federal government and it's a question what was the number of background checks conducted last year? i know it was increased over the year before. do you have any idea and have the figures? >> i don't but i could get it quickly. in my understanding it has come down. >> i just want to congratulate you because in maryland we have a horrendous problem with state police running a state background check you at a six-month backlog, six months and you guys can do it frequently in one minute. >> the government called me about the problem maryland is having and i think we were able to help them. >> if you help them it wasn't much help because they are just clearing backgrounds

education, job training, nih spending, spending that has returned overtime and equipped the population with the knowledge and skills to come up with new innovations, new ideas that make us healthier, happier, and more economically prosperous. spending on medicare and social security is rising, and spending on that category -- and spending is in decline. that is a big problem facing our country's future. host: the "washington post" editorial board agrees with that imo from one of our viewers saying the budget comes up short. without projects and entitlement, the government's hands are tied. "usa today's" editorial saying obama's budget docs tough itices on benefits, saying would spend more on mandatory benefits ban on all other government auctions over the next decade. here are the numbers in trillions. the benefits programs, 31 trillion dollars. nasa -- national defense, $6 trillion. interest payments almost $6 trillion. this is over a decade of mandatory benefits. is written byiew jay carney, the white house spokesman, saying that the budget presents the president's plan for creating

they may not -- you may not have the greatest constituency for the people short by cancer or unknown nihnvestments or the families that will be better because they got early childhood education but i think what you saw inryan-murray and the president's agenda is to say that we have to have a very important discussion about what is the composition of our budget in terms of how much we continue to invest in the future and the reason why the president making the statement of putting that extra $56 billion above and fighting for that is he is recognizing that it's not just the level, it's the composition and whether that includes what has always made us great which is not just responding to the constituencies of the present but investing in the young people and productivity of the future. i think we are keeping the conversation going and i think my hope is that people on both sides of the aisle will realize the importance of that going forward. i will leave it at that. >> 650 ilya and dollars in new revenue of higher taxes. -- 650 ilya and dollars in new revenue of higher taxes -- -- $650 bi

democrats could come together to agree to increase investment in non-defense spending, things like research nih and other important nvestments and also increase our military readiness by $25 million in additional funds in those categories. that.t's talk about the earned income tax increase which is the greatest ossibility for bipartisan agreement. do you see your republican colleagues going along with that >> i hope so. proposal is an extension of he idea of the earned income tax credit which i think on a ipartisan basis people agree it's been an effective tool. extend idea here is to that childless workers. right now it applies to who are working who have families and this would extend to childless workers and to most projections in budget office al would help lift substantial umbers of people out of poverty. i hope we move forward. the price tag over a ten year $78 billion. the question is always how are you going to offset that? his resident offsets it in budget by reducing certain tax and benefits in other areas. republican our colleagues would agree to that approach or not. what the questi

funder of god is the national institute of health, particularly the infectious diseases, the part of nih. over 80% of the infectious disease research funding comes either from us or from them. so they are d. collaborated there. with world bank, the thing we are super excited about, two things are super excited about doing together. one is fixing primary health care because some have done that well, a lot of thought and it's basically personnel system. redoing a report card that the world bank doing business and were going to do that in the agricultural space, which is really about how do you turn your agricultural sector to make it as market-driven as possible? are you taking the latest these? are you educating farmers? are your pricing policies, storage policies such that your farmers are being uplifted that the product davidian incomes are going up. so we have ambitious goals for things we want to do. a lot of funding reduced through the bank. it shows is the creator polio account gets created through the bank. so they end up facilitating things. they have a lot of i.q. engine can have

the list is endless, and nih, nist. you want a good way to find out where a good standard is, you go to an isg. that's what the cyber people want to go. they will do it but it will cost. and so did doctor low who runs a university which does not have, you know, endless amounts of money, i'm full of sympathy but i can't, i can't walk away as a senator from being part of the solution to this problem. and that's what we are doing here, we are walking away year after year from being part of the solution to the problem. if you want good infrastructure, you got to pay for it. if you're going to pay for it, you got to raise taxes. in the question is how do you raise taxes. then you get into the 1% versus -- and that becomes a lot of talk to the point is you either get the infrastructure or you don't. and if you don't, your future is dim. it was her interesting when the president called accurately russia an important regional power. mr. putin must have been unhappy at that. but it was accurate because the size of his economy an

health, particularly the national institute for allergy and infectious diseases, tony fauci's part of nih. they and over 80%of the infectious disease research funding comes either from us or from them. so they are a deep collaborator there. with world bank, the thing that we're super excited about there's two things we're super excited about doing together. and it's basically a personnel system. and we're doing a report card, like the world bank doing business report card. and we're going to do that in the agricultural space, which is really about how do you turn your agricultural sector into to make it as market driven as possible. are you taking the latest seeds? are you educating your farmers? are your pricing policy, storage policies such that your farmers are being uplifted that the productivity and incomes are going up? so we have some ambitious goals of things we want to do with the bank. we actually a lot of funding we do is through the bank. it shows up because we create like our polio account gets graded through the bank. so they ended up facilitating things. they have a lot of

then drive the best people out of nih. but you speak i think would send a message. dr. harrison. >> thank you very much and thank you for appearing before the committee today. first i just want to thank the fbi for doing the job. i know i asked mr. mueller about this last you. with unique background -- this is a question what was the number background checks conducted last year? i know was increase over the year before. do you have any idea speak with i don't but i could get it very quickly. spent my understanding it has come back down now a little. but images want to congratulate you because in maryland we had a tremendous problem with our state police who ran our state background checks who had a six-month backlog, six months. you guys can do it in, frequent, one minute. >> the governor called me about the problem men was having and i think we help them spend if you help them it wasn't much help because they're just claim backlogs now from october. but i just want to congratulate it is one of the smooth things the federal government does. the other thing, i want to sp

the survey that the nih publishes shows a marked increase of teenage drug use in marijuana.bate over legalization and decriminalization. so there is a correlation, alex, between talking about this being medicine, talking about it being no big deal, and more kids in our country using it, because, quite frankly, now the accessibility of this and the affordability of marijuana is just becoming easier and easier. so why should we be surprised if more and more kids are using this drug on a daily basis? >> here's an interesting stat here, patrick. recent "wall street youshl" poll found small amounts of marijuana should be legal. 25% saying no to that. it seems, patrick, you may have an ally in the most unlikely of places. here's what california governor jerry brown said about legalizing marijuana last week on "meet the press." >> the problem with anything, a certain amount is okay. but there is a tendency to go to extremes. and all of a sudden, if there is teasing and legitimacy, how many people can get stoned and still have a great state or a great nation? the world is pretty dan

how do we get the fda, the nih, the drug companies, the government to do what they weren't doing, what they should have been doing? and that was a very different sort of activism. and ultimately, it became much more focused on the treatment activism, because the treatments were starting to trickle out, you know? they were in the pipeline, and we were desperate to expedite them and waiting for the next one and trying to get it. and that was very important. but in the process the human rights-based approach to the epidemic was concerns about privacy and confidentiality, but also about patient autonomy and about stigma kind of got put to the side. and that is where aids activism began, was fighting that stigma. and so we're kind of in a catch-up phase right now where there is a renewed effort on addressing the stigma and where that has led us like the criminalization that cleeve referred to. so the books has lots of fun, juicy stuff of me, you know, peeing out a window with gore vidal and getting tennessee williams to sign a letter for the campaign funds, but i also hope it will sort of e

you know, when david koch does ads that say cut government and you cut nih, far more about cancer researches which he should get credit for giving to charity. private charity cannot deal with the major problems we face as good and noble as -- >> but, senator, can't we have a disagreement how charity is funded without calling somebody un-american? because i don't believe money should be funneled through inefficient bureaucracies? can't we have an agreement ho to fund private charities without calling somebody un-american? >> let me say this. hin is not efficient. >> i'm talking about every american, senator. do you think david koch is un-american? >> david koch's commercials, which are huge amounts of money, i think they should is not be allowed. >> do you think he is undu undunn-american? >> the commercials he runs are not part of the american mainstre mainstream. no two people should have such a huge influence on our politics. that's not first amendment. >> a million dollars out of san francisco or move on dot org? i'm asking a simple question here and i have respect for you. do you think