industrial production of nitrates mind from the air began in 1913. what else are nitrates used for? rachel, hold your thought until we get the mic over there. rachel: explosives, like for a war. ? prof. sutter: munitions. we were just about to enter into world war i. this process would prove really critical to the german capacity to fight world war i. and this process would prove really critical to the german capacity to fight world war i. and then, after world war i, there were all these industrially produced nitrates hanging around as farmers would then begin to turn to them. and here, in a sense after all of this 19th century searching around the globe for nitrates, we have a fully industrialized process for producing nitrogen. alright, the haber-bosch process after the 1930's, and incredibly energy-intensive process, we would not need guano or menhaden anymore. at least for people who could afford to buy fertilizer on the open market. bringhis helps to really to a conclusion these various metabolic rifts occurring throughout this period. now, i had talked about the urban fertili

most of these nitrates went to britain and germany. in the united states, they particularly said the growth of the citrus industry in california. theean nitrates going up pacific coast and feeding california agriculture. the nitrates trade would last into the 1930's. i think i have a similar slide here. great article by idea ofr, gives you an the spiking in the early 1930's. i will explain that cut off in a minute. >> were companies and governments actively looking for these huge deposits of nitrates, or just stumbled upon them? prof. sutter: a combination. i quickly went through that story about urban fertilizers. one of the important things about that, of course -- horse bones, thattsoil, created a fledgling commercial fertilizer industry and got people in the habit of thinking about fertilizer as being something they don't necessarily raise on the farm but can purchase in commercial marketplaces. those supplies, like bones from bison, proved increasingly inadequate. people looked elsewhere to find those things. i focused particularl

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. >> reporter: the april 2013 fire at the west fertilizer company caused the chemical ammonium nitrate to explode. since then investigators said they conducted more than 400 interviews. extensive analysis of the scene and lab work, which included evidence that was found as far as two and a half miles away. they did not name any suspects. the explosion killed 15 people, 12 of them first responders, including phil calvin's son perry. >> i want them to get the maximum penalty. i'd like to see them put back in prison so they don't ever see the light of day, whoever it was. >> reporter: i'm standing where the blast happened. the 93-foot-long crater it left behind has been filled, but west is still rebuilding after half the homes here were damaged or destroyed. scott, the disaster also called into question federal oversight of facilities which store dangerous chemicals in populated areas. >> pelley: manuel bojorquez there for us tonight. manuel, thank you. well, in campaign 2016, the highest-ranking republican in the country today called for unity on the eve of his meeting with the man who h

do not take viagra if you take nitrates for chest pain or adempas® for pulmonary hypertension.your blood pressure could drop to an unsafe level. to avoid long-term injury, seek immediate medical help for an erection lasting more than four hours. stop taking viagra and call your doctor right away if you experience a sudden decrease or loss in vision or hearing. ask your doctor about viagra. >>> next tonight, a family in atlanta hiring movers found online. their belongings never seen again. abc's gio benitez with the important warning tonight. >> reporter: tonight, police say these movers aren't movers at all, but thieves loading up their u-haul. some $75,000 worth of furniture. >> our stuff is gone. >> reporter: the atlanta homeowner says she's embarrassed to show her face, because she hired the movers through an ad on craigslist. she says the movers were supposed to take the furniture to her new home and never showed up at that new house. >> we lived in this house for over ten years. we built a life here. memories. we have items that are irreplaceable. that's on that truck. >>

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ammonium nitrate breaks down over time, especially in high heat, high humidity climates, and can cause the air bag inflator to malfunction, potentially sending shrapnel through the vehicle. over eight million inflators have been replaced so far, but that's less than 12% of the total inflators now involved. making the fixs have not been easy. drivers have been calling and waiting. hundreds of injuries have also been linked to the faulty inflators, including the air bag explosion that left a hole in angelina sujata's chest. >> everybody kept telling me, air bags don't do that. that's the problem. these ones are, and that's not right, and that's not okay. >> reporter: at the current rated, the air bags fixes won't be completed for more than three years. rosekind said today he sympathizes. >> my family has a vehicle with a takata inflator sitting in our driveway, so i fully understand the frustration. >> reporter: there are questions about whether takata, based in japan, can survive this crisis long term. if they can't, scott, it is not known who pays for the tens of millions of fixes that

. >> the problem is ammonium nitrate, volatile chemical takata corporation started using 15 years ago t ammonium nitrate breaks down over time especially in high heat, high humidity climates and can cause the inflator to malfunction. making the fixes has not been easy. drivers across the country have been calling and weight. hundreds of injuries have been linked to the faulty inflators, including airbag explosion that left a hole in angelina sujata's chest. people were telling me that airbags don't do that. these ones are. that's not right. that's not okay. >> reporter: at the rate, the airbag fixes won't be completed for more than three years. rosekind said today he sympathizes. >> my family has a vehicle with the takata inflator in our drivew driveway. >> reporter: there are questions whether takata in japan can survive this crisis long term. if they can, scott it is known who pays for tens of millions of fixes that need to be made. >> jeff glor, thank you. in fact, we have a list of all the recalled vehicles on our website. cbsnews.com. >>> today, barack obama gave the good house k

it is ammonia nitrate and explosives. it changes as it gets older and causing it to burn to quickly as soon in the test by the highway transportation. it affects a far larger number of a bags. the expansion of the recall, effectively doubles the number of vehicles recalled. the national highway traffic safety is aware of more than 1100. brokening facial bones and loss of eye sigh and teeth and pran injuries. there have been 11 deaths world wide. a family alleges that the air bag threw metal and killed her in the neck. >> the problem is not the cars, it is the ammonium nitrate. it is 40 percent of the power of the hand grenade, takeda should never have placed the material. >> it recalls 22 manufacturers. not every model is affected. one contributing factor to the ruptures appears to be long- term exposure to heat and humidity. you should take immediate action. >> that is a shame. they can speed things along so it doesn't take four years. >> new developments in the trial of an alleged serial killer. defense attorneys for th

do not take cialis if you take nitrates for chest pain, or adempas for pulmonary hypertension, as itp in blood pressure. do not drink alcohol in excess. side effects may include headache, upset stomach, delayed backache or muscle ache. to avoid long-term injury, get medical help right away for an erection lasting more than four hours. if you have any sudden decrease or loss in hearing or vision, or any symptoms of an allergic reaction, stop taking cialis and get medical help right away. ask your doctor about cialis and a $200 savings card. >>> live pictures here from washington, d.c. up see at the center of your screen, president obama, just moments before he delivers the commencement address at the events here at howard university. we of course will bring those to you live. mr. obama is the sixth sitting u.s. president to deliver the key note address. of course we expect him to discuss his work over the last eight years and possibly, probably, the upcoming general election. >> go ahead and bring in joe johns standing by in washington for us. this is the first of three commencement s

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dogs are trained basically for nitrate. i have had testing with non-nitrate-based materials, and i can tell you that you could take down an airplane. we have to stay one step ahead of these guys. that is my big concern. the behavior detection program has been a terrible failure. the israelis and other agencies can get it right but tsa has not been able to. again, right now, you see what we have done since the disclosure of the 95% failure rate is going after all of the americans who pose no risk and they are not capturing things, like this guys bottle opener or whatever it was. i saw this morning on television, boxes and boxes of stuff that they have confiscated. if people wanted to get mad, we know that they bought equipment that you could screen faster and it would determine whether the liquid posed a risk. we have that technology. they couldn't train the people to use it so they dumped down -- machine.ed down the to use it so they dumped down -- they dumbed down the machine. they have actually purchase the equipment and

conditions and medicines, and ask if your heart is healthy enough for sex do not take cialis if you take nitrates for chest pain, or adempas for pulmonary hypertension, as it may cause an unsafe drop in blood pressure. do not drink alcohol in excess. side effects may include headache, upset stomach, delayed backache or muscle ache. to avoid long-term injury, get medical help right away for an erection lasting more than four hours. if you have any sudden decrease or loss in hearing or vision, or any symptoms of an allergic reaction, stop taking cialis and get medical help right away. ask your doctor about cialis and a $200 savings card stop taking cialis and get medical help right away. billions are spent to confuse and, dare i say it, flummox the american public. "save 16% on car insurance." "switch now..." well at compare.com, we say enough's enough. so we constantly scrutinize millions of rates... answering the question once and for all, who has the lowest. just go to compare.com and get up to 50 free quotes. choose the lowest, and hit purchase. so you can get back to whatever it is you civilia

do not take cialis if you take nitrates for chest pain, or adempas for pulmonary hypertension, as it may cause an unsafe drop in blood pressure. do not drink alcohol in excess. side effects may include headache, upset stomach, delayed backache or muscle ache. to avoid long-term injury, get medical help right away for an erection lasting more than four hours. if you have any sudden decrease or loss in hearing or vision, or any symptoms of an allergic reaction, stop taking cialis and get medical help right away. ask your doctor about cialis and a $200 savings card. and intellectual propertylines about bubeing stolen.g hacked that is cyber-crime. and it affects each and every one of us. microsoft created the digital crimes unit to fight cyber-crime. we use the microsoft cloud to visualize information so we can track down the criminals. when it comes to the cloud, trust and security are paramount. we're building what we learn back into the cloud to make people and organizations safer. [bassist] two late nights in blew an amp.but good nights. sure,music's why we do this,but it's still our

conditions and medicines, and ask if your heart is healthy enough for sex do not take cialis if you take nitratesor chest pain, or adempas for pulmonary hypertension, as it may cause an unsafe drop in blood pressure. do not drink alcohol in excess. side effects may include headache, upset stomach, delayed backache or muscle ache. to avoid long-term injury, get medical help right away for an erection lasting more than four hours. if you have any sudden decrease or loss in hearing or vision, or any symptoms of an allergic reaction, stop taking cialis and get medical help right away. ask your doctor about cialis and a $200 savings card anthony: we are in las vegas with former treasury secretary larry summers. what is the secular stagnation. >> people want to save more than businesses want to invest which means there is downwards pressure on interest rates, always the prospect of bubbles in existing assets because people don't want to create new ones. a tendency toward slow growth and low inflation. it's a defining malady in the industrial world. the word secular means it will be with us for a long t

take one step further and we don't cure with any artificial nitrates nitrates. >> now we're talking aaron's bacon sausage, something he can get onboard. there's been a decline in small farms particuy >> right. >> tell us what you're doing in order to support this cause and some of the challenges you face. >> sure. so i think what's going on with small farms and black farms are pretty much one in the same the agriculture has gotten so big if you don't have the scale unfortunately you can't succeed. so what we do is work with 35 farms in order to provide them with huge wholesale accounts, so that can scale up and make their farm successful. >> you've been cooking something for us right now. >> that's right. >> what do you have up here? >> we have a bell pepper and onion bacon sausage. we're going to make one new york style, which is saur kraut and spicy brown mustard. the way we make this bacon sausage which we hickory smoke eight hours, we take the trim, we grind it, we add bell pepper and onion, all natural seasons. >> sounds like you don't need the seasons. >> right. we hickory smoke it fo

do not take cialis if you take nitrates for chest pain, or adempas for pulmonary hypertension, as itood pressure. do not drink alcohol in excess. side effects may include headache, upset stomach, delayed backache or muscle ache. to avoid long-term injury, get medical help right away for an erection lasting more than four hours. if you have any sudden decrease or loss in hearing or vision, or any symptoms of an allergic reaction, stop taking cialis and get medical help right away. ask your doctor about cialis and a $200 savings card. jo ling: look at this video left floating water causing controversy. the babies put in and flipped over and it's able to float on its own. this has caused a lot of controversy. what do you think? >> this is not good parenting, this is good luck. there has been no evidence showing that making babies do this won't make them drown. it's terrible, the child will see the pool and think they can just go in. jo ling: but this is being taught in some parenting classes. >> i talked to several moms about this video, and several of them are doing this technique in t

federal investigators say the ammonium nitrate inside of them becomes unstable and can make the air bags explode. this will be a fazed in recall. doesn't have enough replacement pieces. 29 million air bags have been are you recalled. only one if four replaced. >>> a life or death study on antibiotics, nearly one in three dolled out in the u.s. called inappropriate. >> we don't want to be faced with a situation where we are trying to treat an infection that is so resistant we don't have any antibiotics to use. >> a heated debate over development in montgomery county. why some say new shops and restaurants aren't welcome in their neighborhood. >>> i'm chief meteorologist doug kammerer. we are tracking the rain don't stronger is blasting without risking her bones. it's training her good cells... to fight the bad guys. stronger is less pain... new hope... more fight. it's doing everything in your power... stronger, is changing even faster than they do. because we don't just want your kids to grow up