and nixon knew it.eone put up a lot of money to have the democratic headquarters infiltrated and, if so, who and why? >> justice will be pursued no matter who's involved. >> do you have information implicating president nixon? >> i have no comment. >> the president of the united states demanded the attorney general fire the special prosecutor. >> that is the definition of tyranny. people have got to know whether or not their president's a crook. well, i'm not a crook. >> i don't think there was ever any discussion that there wouldn't be a cover-up. >> congress must move ahead with impeachment proceedings. >> there can be no whitewash at the white house.

and nixon knew it.ck woodsman from the frontier. but know something lies rotten at the heart of your country. and you're the one to save it. but how does a clean-shaven prairie lawyer stay as honest abe when you know you'll have to play dirty and devious to become president?

richard millhouse nixon. >> richard nixon is well-known to the american people. >> nixon's not scaredthe russians, as soviet premier finds out at a moscow trade fair. >> it wasn't supposed to be much. it was supposed to be just a meeting. but it turned into a confrontation. >> there must be a free exchange of ideas. >> capitalism versus communism. back and forth and back and forth. jabbing with the fingers. the words didn't matter. it was the images that mattered. he was presidential. he seemed ready for the white house. >> meanwhile, traveling through the bleak wisconsin landscape, there is another man who believes he's defendant destined for the white house. he's young, he's inexperienced and he's almost unknown. >> senator kennedy is now in front of ft. athens. >> his name is john f. kennedy. and he aims to win the wisconsin democratic primary. >> you would go to a plant. and you would stand right there. my job would be shake hands with jack kennedy. shake hands with teddy. bobby. >> bob kennedy. >> we worked hard. >> i come here today as a candidate in the wisconsin primary. >> ke

and nixon knew it.t was the origin of watergate. >>> so you want to be the most powerful man in the world? how far are you prepared to go? will you turn friends into enemies? will you break your own rules? if you want to be the most powerful man in the world, do the ends ever justify the means?

richard nixon is well known to the american people. >> nixon's not scared of the russians, as sovietmier nikita khrushchev finds out as a moscow trade fair. >> it wasn't supposed to be much. it was supposed to be just a meeting, but it turned into a confrontation. >> there must be a free exchange of ideas. >> capitalism versus communism. back and forth and back and forth. jabbing with the fingers. the words didn't matter. it was the images that mattered. he was presidential. he seemed ready for the white house. >> meanwhile, traveling through the bleak wisconsin landscape, there is another man who believes he's destined for the white house. he's young, he's inexperienced, and he's almost unknown. his name is john f. kennedy. and he aims to win the wisconsin democratic primary. >> how are you this morning? >> and you would stand right there. my job would be shake hands with jack kennedy. shake hands with teddy. bobby. >> bob kennedy. >> we worked hard. >> i come here today as a candidate in the wisconsin primary. >> kennedy is smart. he knows that if he can prove himself a vote winner

, and nixon knew it.watergate. -- captions by vitac -- www.vitac.com >>> so, you want to be the most powerful man in the world. how far are you prepared to go? will you turn friends into enemies? will you break your own rules? if you want to be the most powerful man in the world, do the ends ever justify the means?

nixon. you are about to accompany richard nixon on the first leg of his 1968 new hampshire campaign. you will be with the candidate, his family, and the nixon staff. you will hear what richard nixon had to say. richard nixon: woollies and everything. i am glad to find some new hampshire people. arnold, how did you get up here? >> the weather -- richard nixon: how are the eagles going to do? narrator: richard nixon talked about a new vision for america's future. he has said 1968 is the time to begin that future, and the place to begin is in new hampshire. ♪ [indiscernible] narrator: on february 2, richard nixon held his first press conference of the 1968 presidential campaign in manchester, new hampshire. >> why do you feel that you could win now when you could not win in 1960? richard nixon: i have decided i will test my ability to win, and my ability to cope with the issues in the primaries and not just in the smoke-filled rooms of miami. richard nixon: i have decided i narrator: his schedu

and nixon knew it.ver forgot. >> and that was the origin of watergate. >>> the enemy of freedom has chosen to make this year the decisive one. >> something's going to happen. the change is on the way. >> we can change america. we can change the world. >> what we need now is a reconciliation in this land. >> there's not anything wrong with you that a good hair cut wouldn't cure. >> rest assured we democrats will stir it up. >> this election year of 1968 has touched emotions. >> i think we have too much violence in this country. >> we go up together, or we go down together. >> and we have that understanding for our fellow citizens, we will have a new america, and i need your help.

>> nixon. >> richard nixon. >> nixon. >> yeah, nixon. >> nixon. >> is anybody else running but nixon?e president was a political animal. the president was phenomenally skilled. he was able to handle virtually anything. >> five men wearing white gloves and carrying cameras were caught earlier today in the headquarters of the democratic national committee in washington. they were caught by a night watchman, and they did not resist arrest when the police came. they were apparently unarmed, and no one yet knows why they were there. the film in the camera hadn't been exposed. in any case, they're being held. >> the democratic national committee is housed in the fashionable watergate complex. the break-in prepared well in advance. files were ransacked and papers removed. also in this area, ceiling tiles had been removed for the suspected planting of bugging devices. >> it was saturday morning, june 17th. the phone rang, it was about 6:30. a colleague of my mine was on the phone, he said, hello, it's chuck. we have a hot one. we have a burglary at the democratic national committee headquarte

nixon.hey heard him charge them with a responsibility to not just move forward in reaching for material goals, but to move forward also in the realm of the american spirit as we enter century three of american life. the president said -- nixon: as you know, we are gathered in this historic house for the opportunity that comes to people once in a century. the 200th anniversary of the united states which will take place in 1976. we are starting to plan now. we have representatives not only from the federal government but most of the states in the nation here to plan that celebration. i would like to speak to that subject very briefly. perhaps in a way that most of you would not have thought of. traditionally, when we think of this kind of celebration, we think of the nation's past and we glory in that past as we should. we think of the nation's present and we consider the problems we must deal with. this celebration i would hope would look to the america future. goals inr ourselves 1976 which

nixon's alone, not his party's. >> i think nixon was resolute. now i am liberated. to have to run again. now i am going to be whom i wish to be. >> the united states has resumed full-scale bombing of north vietnam, including the hanoi haiphong area. the north vietnamese said american planes carried out heavy attacks around those cities tonight and that hanoi's armed forces shot down a large number of planes and captured several pilots. >> first lieutenant to be 52. >> nixon wanted the communists to think he was crazy in the hopes that that would drive them back to the bargaining table. >> a lot of the civilian areas were hit apparently. >> civilian areas must have been hit, and i don't want to say that it was not a very painful thing to have to do. >> when 8,500-pound bombs go off of one plane and that's the closest thing to a nuclear weapon. >> the response to the christmas bombing was such an outrage. here is this small, third world country that the united states is bombing back to the stone age. >> the word from the president is military pressure will continue un

nixon went bananas. he called that her field in who -- cold butterfield in who was deputy chief of staff at the time. this this is "an interest in of kennedy pictures. i want them out. i want the replaced with -- you guessed it -- next and -- nixon pictures. butterfield launched an investigation of this and was able to persuade people that it was not proper, that it was suggestive way disloyal if you had pictures of other presidents in your office. i was kind of skeptical of the story. and then there was a document that butterfield road directly to the president, and the of the was, sanitization executive office building. sanitization, as if it was some disease because that people had pictures of another president. what do you think lincoln's response would have been if he discovered that there were staff people in the white house, or the government, who had portraits of george washington, or thomas jefferson? unthinkable and this inability -- and if you trace the nixon story, you see that he is not acco

and said he was giving nixon a full pardon for watergate. and any other crime he may have committed. ford, of course, went on television early on a sunday morning, hoping no one noticed. but it was widely noticed, but not by me. i was asleep and my colleague, carl bernstein, called me up and said, have you heard? i said i haven't heard a thing. i was asleep. and karl, who then and still has the ability to save what occurs with the most drama is the fewest words said, "the sone of a bitch pardoned the son of a bitch." [laughter] and i was able to figure out what had occurred. i thought perfect. nixon goes free. they only want to get a watergate pardon. it is the ultimate corruption. you look at the polling at the time and the suspicions about the pardon, that was a widely held view. and you can argue and i think historians of the 1976 election, when ford lost to jimmy carter, that the pardon had an aroma that there was a deal that something really untoward had occurred. and i believe this. i have a real strong conviction that this was in a se

nixon has won.. >> george wallace carried five states, alabama, arkansas, georgia, louisiana and mississippi. >> in our judgment the people who supported us have an impact on orienting the two parties in a different direction. and i do wish mr. nixon the most success of any president in the history of our country. >> having lost a close one eight years ago and having won a close one, i can say this. winning is a lot more fun. >> with nixon's election, even though many people felt a sense of disappointment, there was a sense that there may be some knollty on the horizon. people were exhausted. so there was, in part, a sense of relief. maybe, thank god, it's over. >> i plan to spend christmas in the states but i can't stand violence. >> 1968 certainly has been one of the unhappiest years in american history. >> in the end it always comes down to what the people do, and this year the people, like the events of 1968, are largely unpredictable. >> our country was put to some enormous tests in 1968. there

nixon scraped up some free cash, and the pardon the mr. ford wrote for him was written for all crimes and misdemeanors, not for watergate crimes and misdemeanors specifically. to allow him to evade paying the bulk of that tax that he owed. and president ford's press secretary resigned over that issue. isn't that correct? mr. thorndike: it is my understanding that the pardon was written with tax issues in mind. i don't know if that, in fact, led to him not paying. i just don't know. is that common knowledge at the time? i don't know. >> i recall press reports. mr. thorndike: it's hard to tell. thank you, i don't know. to me, my bigger question at this point. mr. yin: i think the more interesting issue in a way, is the second count of the impeachment, which involved not nixon's personal filings and compliance with the law, but his abuse of the agency and going after political enemies and so forth. that was the second count of the impeachment items. >> both of which failed, though, right?. i think congress felt they had other issues to pursue

nixon scraped up some free cash and the pardon that mr. ford wrote for him was written for all crimes and misdemeanors, not for watergate crimes and misdemeanors, specifically to allow him to evade paying the bulk of that tax that he owed and president ford's press secretary resigned over that issue. isn't that correct? >> i mean, it is my understanding that the pardon was written to include -- with tax issues in mind. i don't know if that in fact led to him not paying or not. i actually -- i just don't know. and i don't know how to -- is that common knowledge at the time? yeah, i don't know. >> i recall press reports. >> it's hard to tell. but anyway, thank you. that that's my big question at this point. >> i think a more interesting question in a way is the second count of the impeachment which involved not nixon's personal filings and compliance with the law, but his abuse of the agency in going after political enemies and so forth. that was the second count of the impeachment. >> both of which failed, though, right? i think congress fe

nixon. [ applause ] >> sit down, get to work. [ laughter ] >> we want nixon! we want nixon!xon. nobody is really surprised. and no committed republican feels cheated. what was the fuss all about? >> the republicans understand that nixon, in this time of tumultuousness, he gives people the sense of continuity. >> what is most important now is for us to think how we can get this war ended. >> mr. nixon talks of an honorable peace, but says nothing about how he would attain it. >> at this point, the war is continuing at as hot a pace as it has ever been. more troops are being killed every week than at any time in the course of the war. >> this weekend the enemy stepped up attacks throughout south vietnam. >> we knew that we would not be able to influence the republicans on vietnam. so, we wanted to put massive pressure on the democrats. i didn't think anything could happen with vietnam without that challenge. ♪ >> this is a cbs news campaign '68 convention special. what's going to happen in chicago? on this eve of the beginning of the 35th democratic national convention, chicag

nixon. we are about to accompany richard nixon on his campaign. with the candidate, his family. you will hear what richard nixon had to say. woollies and everything. i am glad to find some new hampshire people. arnold, how did you get up her? how are the eagles going to do? talked about an new vision for america's future. tosaid 1968 is the time begin at future and a place to begin is in new hampshire. ♪ >> on february 2, richard nixon held his first press conference of the 1968 presidential campaign in manchester, new hampshire. quite how can you and now he could not win in 1960? mr. to him mightily to cope with the issues in the primary and not just in the smoke-filled room of miami. question this in schedule for the next three days would include a reception, dinner speech, and conversations with people about issues in public and on television. nixon: in 1968, i am looking to the future of the country. in 1960, i necessarily had to think of the past and also of the future but to think of t

okay, move on to our next story, richard nixon. now i have never known a dead man who gets himself in more [bleep] than richard nixon, you guys. i just want to say that for the record. check out the latest on tricky mcdick. >> forbs reports on a remark by a former nixon aide hinting that the war on drugs had a hidden purpose. that president nixon saw the descrug crackdown as a way to arrest blacks and antiwar protestors. ehrlichman also claimed the white house knew they were lying about drugs. >> larry: now, i know, i know, this may sound shocking to a lot of people out there but the to most black people, this confirms what they already suspected. to get thoughts on this and the black perspective let's go to mike yard for an edition of no [bleep] news. mike, mike? your thoughts on the nixon aide admission that the war on drugs was based on lies and really about oppressing black people. >> yeah, no [bleep] >> larry: okay. sounds about right, mike yard with a no [bleep] news, everybody. thanks, mike. (cheers and applause) mie favorit

about nixon. it was about 20th century politics. i want to start by reading a short passage and despite what erik larsen said last night i do think audiences like, i hope audiences like to hear a little bit of the prose style of an author. i won't go on and on that getting a sampling of the book is partly what audiences want as well as an understanding of the book that comes through a more informal talk. let me start with a short paragraph from the very beginning of the new book "republic of spin". our political world is awash in spin. over many decades now elected officials and their aides have forged a huge arsenal of tools and techniques to shake their messages, their images and our thinking. from the white house on down virtually every politician of note boasted a brigade of speechwriters, press secretaries, campaign consultants, media gurus, handlers, pollsters, hucksters, flax, pacs and other assorted spin meister is to assure that each utterance is rendered in the best achievable light. som

nixon is a fascinating figure as everybody knows. in some ways he was one of the most liberal presidents we ever had. it was he who opened the united states to china and established relations. it was he who signed the bill creating the environmental protection agency. he created osha, the occupational safety and health administration he indexed social security. a lot of lot of these conservatives who were very disappointed in nixon, they talk about a group of conservatives who say they were suspending their support for nixon. he didn't do very well, in the campaign against nixon but he did run against him. then reagan finally came and jerry ford was also seen by many of them as insufficiently conservative when he took over from nixon. he picked rockefeller, the great liberal enemy as conservative. he was certainly, compared to to them very liberal and a spender in new york. so ford had to appease him by dumping rockefeller and putting toll on the ticket. he barely lost jimmy carter. reagan did not rollback abortion rights. reagan cou

you come to nixon and they are disconcerted about how nixon deals with race and henry kissenger and the outreach to china. then you come forward again, and there is a sense of well, union, ronald reagan promised to cut government and lower taxes but government is getting bigger and taxes are getting higher even though reagan is great republican icon of our day. back then there was discontent. this becomes a theme in your book that time and again, widespan republican officials, elected officials, take back america or in trump's language make america the 1950's america that they were more comfortable with especially the white southern male. >> guest: you are right. nixon is a fascinating figure and one of the most liberal presidents we had ever ironically. he opened the relations to china and created the environmental protection agency and osha and indexed social security. so a lot of conservatives were disappointed in nixon. i talked about a group of conservatives who announced they were suspending their support for nixon. it was a conservative member from iowa who ran against nixon and

and nixon knew it. it planted a seed with nixon that he never forgot. >> and that was the origin of watergate. >>> good evening. i'm erin burnett. welcome to our special coverage of tonight's cnn democratic presidential debate. the 2016 race has been nasty, vulgar at times. but for those of you who have been watching cnn's series premiere "race for the white house," it made one thing very clear tonight, and that is dirty tricks and nasty debates are business as usual in american politics. and the historic kennedy/nixon debate proved the value of the national stage and how it can change the course of history. in tonight's debate bernie sanders came out swinging, going directly after hillary clinton, slamming her on her ties to wall street repeatedly. and during tonight's debate we actually found out sanders won today's caucuses in maine and there was a big turnout for democrats in maine, more than we saw for republicans, significantly more. and as you can see for the overall numbers here in maine, a big

kennedy and richard nixon. i could have written about, of course, ronald reagan's landslide election of 1980 and the conservative revolution that came in his wake. i also could have written about more recent elections, 2000, 2008. both historic in their own ways, but i chose to write about these four. and why these four? well, one of the reasons is personal. i was a campaign staffer on the 1992 campaign working for the clinton/gore team, and i had some personal recollections to bring to that story. but more broadly, all four of the elections had common threads that i thought were good ways to -- that knit together and show how different electoral cycles feed into one another and also contrast from each other. they all occurred at moments of economic and cultural change. sometimes tremendous economic and cultural change. in 1912, america is still reeling from the transition from farm to factory. from countryside to city. the birth of industrial capitalism and all of the consequences of that. generation of great

i turned 9 the week of the election and i wore a nixon button to school. we weren't very good catholics. both of my parents were for nixon. but i loved the drama of the cold war. there was something thrilling and macabre about growing up during it. and i did, at an early age, devour these allen drury novels and, you know, the big political books of the day. but i think that these things always gripped me and once i turned to fiction with these things, it's very hard, i found, to go back to nonfiction. this gets to the whole question of, you know, why historical fiction, what is it? >> evan: right. >> thomas: i wrote a little book of nonfiction about 12, 13 years ago called "mrs. paine's garage". >> evan: right. about the kennedy assassination. >> thomas: yes. >> evan: a great book. >> thomas: thank you very much. a woman named ruth paine, a quaker woman who lived in irving, outside dallas. >> evan: yeah. >> thomas: who quite innocently became enmeshed in this because she had helped out the oswalds, lee and marina oswald, his russian wife, in the months bef

this half hour film is courtesy of the richard nixon

when nixon ran against george mcgovern he was running against what recall permissive values. so the slogan that was often cited against mcgovern turned out it was words that set off the record by senator tom eagleton but that did not come out until somebody years ago were acid, amnesty and abortion. where governor it was he legalizing drugs which he was not really for and abortion which the party was split on. at that point they started to become much more pro-choice than republicans were. >> host: this was an error of sexual revolution. you you had the advent of birth control, the pill. i think that too plays into the idea of sort of wanton behavior and loose morals to some of the republican values. >> guest: absolutely and some of the traditional and evangelical christians. that is also when he started to see real change on what was broadcast on television. so bring it right into your home, the shows were like ozzie and harriet, and father knows best which are very traditional family shows. suddenly mass entertainment was becoming more and more racy which really bothered a

nixon, mr. nixon was a planning man. i said, mr. nixon, let me go and talk to joanne robinson, see what she thinks and see what we can do about permanently getting the community involved. one, we've got to get the message out. and there were more people that go to church on sunday mornings where you had more black people together and announcements could be made. so we need to get the black preachers involved. we can get them involved and they make an announcement at their church so that the people will stay off the bus on monday, that will be fine. that was no problem because we knew all of the black preachers. so we'll do that. secondly, we concluded that if we're going to tell people to stay off of the buses, we need to have somebody to serve as a spokesman for 'em. everybody can't talk. and the question is, who should that person be? now, normally e.d. nixon had the largest following of people, but there was another man in town named rufus lewis. rufus lewis lived on the east side of town. he was an educated man, had been a coach

when i talked to mister nixon mister nixon was not a plan who did a lot of planning. mister nixon, let me go and talk to joann, see what she thinks and what we can do about permanently getting the community involved. and more people go to church on sunday morning. the announcements could be made, we need to get black preachers involved and they make an announcement at that church and people stay off the bus monday, that would be fine. we knew all the black preachers. and we concluded if we tell people, we need to have someone to serve as a spokesman. and the question is who should that person be? there was another man in town named rufus lewis. rufus lewis on the east side of town, and educated man, he was only interested in one aspect of civil rights, getting registered to vote, getting people elected and all of them responsible to get elected. he had a nightclub and it was the citizens club. to get in that club you had to be a registered voter. beyond those two, who are we going to get? joann said i tell you who. we need both of them. if we get nixon we lose rufus l

and nixon wants to be manly says, well, i don't need it either.es back and gets some max factor applied to him, and nixon sends somebody down to michigan avenue to buy some hideous thing called shave stick. which he rubs on him like gray grease across his face. >> nixon was pacing around the studio. he was asking people questions. >> think i better shave. >> well, it was past time for all of those questions. >> studio, 30 seconds to air. >> kennedy did not present himself until he was fully ready. he wasn't going to stand around with richard nixon and chat before the main event. he was going to come in like the prize fighter he was. >> and nixon made every mistake he could think of in that debate. >> look at the faces of the two candidates in this debate. and ask yourself who is presidential? and who is scared? >> the contrast is dramatic. >> david gergen worked for richard nixon as a speechwriter. went on to work for three more presidents of both parties. this has to bring back memories when you look at this. finally the back story of the ultimat

now let's talk about elvis and nixon in 1970s elvis presley and richard nixon in oval o office. there's a whole movie about this moment and back story you play had eagle bud you who set up the meeting. . correct. there were a bunch of people that were involved. but bud was one of the main proponents of the meeting, yes. >> what was -- so i don't remember this at all. but it sounds strange that richard nixon president of the united states would stop to see elvis presley. >> well, yeah. because it is strange. elvis showed up at the white house requested a meeting with the president. and it happened. it's the most requested photo -- in the national archives i mean it's insane intense. >> see that picture if we can one or more time because it is fascinating there's the president of the united states with elvis presley, an yeah it happened like very, very by the way, colin we thought you would like this. we have another xeample of this photograph. slightly doctored i believe. we recreated it yes indeed. next drop. wait for it. i asked him of sports and university of mississippi and a

along with watergate, this is what did in the nixon administration. a bright spotre's here, is the joint committee's investigation. it's hard to find a bright spot in the story. but the joint committee gave us a sense of the value of disinterested expertise. of objective expertise. that is a much cited virtue of the joint committee for virtually the entire history. george talks about in his paper. we speak of it now, it's almost always the first thing somebody says in describing the committee. but it's not a given. and it's not really tested until extreme moments. this was a fairly extreme moment. i think one thing that is kind of interesting here is that what strikes a lot of people is amazing is that presidents at the time of their official papers. as eisenhower says, from the time of george washington, it was the standard practice to treat presidents papers like the personal property. there's a great part of the joint committee's report on the next and returns that runs through what all the presidents did with their papers. it's shocking that so ma

>> reagan and nixon are rolling over in their graves because both reagan and nixon understood populismhat wave themselves. they knew how to exploit fear as well as hope, but -- but both reagan and nixon knew how to get things done. with your old boss, reagan with your old boss, they made deals. nixon may have had hard line populous rhetoric, but he made deals with a democratic senate. nancy reagan understood this. she pushed her husband to get along with the soviet union. he was a hard line communist but nancy reagan understood you had to reach out to your enemies so both reagan and nixon were both able to do that. the current crowd, hard to say. maybe trump will turn out to be a deal maker. nobody really knows because he's never had the job before. not in public life. i'm sure that -- i'm sure that nixon and reagan would be worried today. >> i think reagan, nancy and ronald reagan understood the cold war was to end it. not taking moscow or taking berlin or tokyo. it was to end the war peaceably and they did it and they get a lot of credit. thank you. greatest historians. stay tuned fo

what do you remember about the kennedy/nixon debates? >> watching them.nking at the time that issues were being overwhelmed by considerations of appearance. and that's what we see in this remarkable documentary that cnn is broadcasting. and we see the continuation to some, te extent in the debates e having now. we're having great difficulty looking at the deep substantive questions and so much has to do with appearance and manner, as opposed to deep beliefs and policy questions. >> nick, in that clip they pose a question, who came off as more presidential? who do you think came off as the most presidential last night? >> i'd say john kasich, frankly. in the 1960s, those who listened to the president debate thought nixon won. those who watched thought kennedy had won. but, you know, i think i disagree with carl a little bit. it sure does seem to me a lot has changed since that debate. that was dechorus in the discussions in the latest one about genital size truly was not. the latest one was about kindergarteners fighting. we didn't learn about policy or an

nixon's lies about his involvement in a cover-up. his press secretary is going to have to later say all previous statements were an operative. you see them because of the impact of exposing watergate, reporters want to be bob woodward. he want to break the next scandal. the media has become more hostile. if we look statistically we see the amount of negative news it present has to face has gone out. and the total share of news coverage has gone down. it makes it more difficult to lead publicly. that is related to this point problem. people paying less attention to presidential addresses. we may think that you watch a speech on so many different platforms, broadcast, cable, on your phone, on your tablet, on your computer, you will see higher ratings for speeches. that is not what has happened. presidents used to benefit by having a captive audience where there were a few channels. if the president comes on, people would watch because what else are they going to do? talk with their families? i don't think so. but now you can opt out. i

goldwater led the opposition of his party to richard nixon and eased richard nixon out of office andis crimes were too many and that he would lead the republican party against nixon in a senate trial. all together different. donald trump is about donald trump. he's not about any political philosophy. he's not about anything but his own objectives. and that is one of the reasons why people are afraid of him, not because, yes, they're afraid of him with his finger on the nuclear trigger obviously, but not because of his ideology. >> i want to play this. goldwater won the nomination easily. i you want to listen to a key moment of his acceptance speech. >> i would remind you that extremism in the defense of liberty is no bias. and let me remind you also that moderation in the pursuit of justice is no virtue. >> so, bill, those words alienated moderate republicans and likely cost him the election. trump has said many outrageous things, nothing seems to stick. >> this ad basically played on that and said to people this guy is scary, we got to stay away from him. everyone remembers the dais

lee, isaiah nixon. killed for voting. killed in georgia in 1946. two years before isaiah nixon.ause he voted. now, here's the kind of detail that's interesting. so many things that are interesting, but when you're studying these things, you want to glom on to these interesting moments. the family says after he was shot and had to walk three miles to a white land owner's place to get a ride to the hospital. he gets to the hospital, the doctor examines him and says, my gosh, he's going to need a blood transfusion. the family tells us this. and the family says, well, good, let's give him a transfusion. and the doctor said, i can't do that. now understand the doctor was white. this was the time when just about all doctors were. and the doctor said, well, we can't, we don't have any black blood today. you've heard me talk about the mythology that people operated under about african americans at the time. they adopted a lot of myths that were hard for people to break, even if they had wanted to. by the way, the murder of macy o'snipes really deeply upset a young college student at the

kennedy and richard nixon.ave written about, of course, ronald reagan's landslide election of 1980 and the conservative revolution that came in his wake. i also could have written about more recent elections, 2000, 2008. both historic in their own ways, but i chose to write about these four. and why these four? well, one of the reasons is personal. i was a campaign staffer on the 1992 campaign working for the clinton/gore team, and i had some personal recollections to bring to that story. but more broadly, all four of the elections had common threads that i thought were good ways to -- that knit together and show how different electoral cycles feed into one another and also contrast from each other. they all occurred at moments of economic and cultural change. sometimes tremendous economic and cultural change. in 1912, america is still reeling from the transition from farm to factory. from countryside to city. the birth of industrial capitalism and all of the consequences of that. generation of great wealth but

i think the american people must forget about nixon. >> good morning. we are about to see something which as far as we know may never have been seen before in american history. a sitting president of the united states testifying before a congressional committee. >> the committee will be in order. >> i had just been out of law school for a few years. i was the last person on that subcommittee to ask a question. and i thought for sure somebody in the subcommittee would ask president ford the tough questions about the pardon. nobody asked the questions. >> i would like to point out, mr. president, that circumstances of the pardon which you issued, the secrecy with which it was issued made people question whether or not in fact it was a deal. >> mrs. holtzman i repeat with emphasis if we had had an indictment, a trial, a conviction, that the attention of the president, the congress and the american people would have been diverted from the problems that we have to solve. >>ford now looks very smart in history for issuing the pardon. it did not look that grea

ed nixon worked with and on that union. variety of history makers at the time that allow them to reach beyond montgomery. one of -- we have a variety of pictures, and this is a lady in montgomery, a housing project was named after her. you can see this picture is one. rosa parks to his left. meeting some young people. and so again, a close relationship with rosa parks she served as his secretary in the state and local naacp. some of the artifacts in the collection represent her also. there is a gentleman by the name of richard boone who worked with southern christian leadership conference and he started another organization called the alabama action committee. so he worked with us for a while, was our liaison, but he was an important figure in the local movement. he donated his collection. we amassed an oversized flipping out. so we have some examples. he was arrested as a result of one of his protest activities, and so the paper , just like you had free huey, free angela davis as it relates to the black panther party, in m

and nixon, who wants to be manly, says i don't need it either. meanwhile, later, kennedy gets max factor put on him and nixon sends someone to buy something called a shave stick. which he rubs on him like gray grease across his face. >> nixon was pacing around the studio. he was asking people questions. >> think i better shave. >> it was past time for all those questions. >> studio, 30 seconds to air. >> kennedy did not present himself until he was fully ready. he wasn't going to stand around with richard nixon and chat before the main event. he was going to come in like the prizefighter he was. >> and nixon made every mistake you could think of in that debit. >> look at the faces of the two candidates. in this debate. and ask yourself, who is presidential and who is scared? >> the contrast is dramatic. >> you won't want to miss it. it is tonight, 10:00 p.m. eastern. only right here on cnn. the original series, race to the white house, hosted by oscar winner kevin spacey. speaking of the race for the white house, this race for the white house has