people would go to nixon. so we were a good second ballot as well. >> real quickly, did richard nixon consider ronald reagan as a running mate even though both were from california. >> nor a while, those days, you could not close a 6-point gap. at some point, nick son was behind humphrey in the polls by 6 points. and there was a number of us that got together and send reagan -- anything, son a memo saying you have to put reagan on the ticket. ray price and i got into a violent argument at montawk point. nixon was going to have to roll the dice and make a choice, dramatic choice. if he was going to do that, we thought it should be reagan. once the polls came out showing nixon ahead, then you go with a safe centrist like agnew. >>> tony joining us from prairieville, louisiana on the line for republicans. thank you for waiting. >> yes. i have a question or comment and a question directed to pat buchanan. i have long held the belief that had nixon won in 1960, he would have been a better candidate or a better pres

richard nixon's tapes. which there's an incredible collection that's available through the miller center at uva. and it's, having them hear nixon. hear how he talks about the media, the press as the enemy has a very famous tape where he goes off about how the press is the enemy. that's really striking for students. because they hear this a lot. they don't actually get to go behind the scenes and understand what he's thinking and the great thing about nixon is he wrote everything down and recorded everything. so as an historian it's a really great opportunity to see what he was thinking, and why to bring students in to the study of his presidency, through those primary sources. >> your current book "showbiz, politics, hollywood and american politics" is there another book in you? >> "showbiz politics" just came out in paperback, now available. it came out in the past couple of years. right now i'm working on this book that actually uses the office of telecommunications policy as the beginning. so the questio

kruschev, having met nixon in the kitchen in 1959, did not like nixon at all. it wasn't gary powers, but we had two other pilots that had gone over russian territory and khrushchev told folks he didn't release them in 1960 so he could help kennedy defeat nixon. he didn't want to do something that nixon could claim credit for. i think you're right. i think kennedy misjudged -- excuse me, khrushchev misjudged kennedy as soft and weak. kennedy told james reston, he beat the hell out of me, in that meeting with khrushchev. khrushchev took the measure of him as weak and made a grave mistake. >> what was richard nixon's reaction on the night that robert f. kennedy wonka can caa and was assassinated? >> it was 3:00 a.m. in the east, i got a call from headquarters, jeff bell, who just died, a young aide to nixon, ran for senate, he was in his mid-20s. he called me at my apartment, i was asleep, he woke me up and said, bobby kennedy's been shot. i called nixon, he said i'm already up, trudy and david had been watching the race, they had woken him up. it was amazing, one

had --er president nixon if former president nixon had sent a letter to donald trump in the 1980's, there is a connection between donald trump and richard nixon. prof. brownell: yes. one of the things that people do not know about richard nixon and the republican party is that richard nixon actually tried to get entertainers to run for office in the public. he understood that our dynamic -- but power dynamic had shifted. that when television on those performances become so central to political success, that entertainers are well-equipped to then give the republican party this resurgence that he had hoped would happen. so he recruited entertainers. he tried to recruit a variety of different entertainers and he saw them is very valuable. -- saw them is very valuable. very different from the democrats, who relied more on entertainers to raise money and didn't necessarily encourage them to run for office. >> we are living through this now, but as historians look back at the trump presidency and his use of media, a year and a half into his presidency, what do you think that they will look to?

and it would have been detrimental to nixon. >> let's conclude with richard nixon's comments. the early hour of november 6th, 1968. >> i saw many signs in this campaign. some of them were not friendly. some were very friendly. but the one that touched me the most is one that i saw in ohio. the end of a long day of whistle stopping. a little town, i suppose five times the population was there. almost impossible to see. but a teenager held up the sign, bring us together. and that will be the great objective of this administration at the outset to bring the american people together. this will be an open administration open to new ideas, open to men and women of both parties. we want to bruj the generation gab. we want to bring them out with america together. and i am confident that this test is we can feel successful. >> richard nixon declaring victory november of 1968. robert, as you hear that and you reflect 50 years later, what's the political legacies of that year and for the conservative movement? >> i think that the three most significant figures leading to the election of

and i told -- and i -- and nixon, i've got a memo, nixon talked to eisenhower. so i wrote nixon a memo and i said, people are liable to say, we're just doing this in order to let folks that are against the war not have to serve. and that's a bad thing. and nixon wrote on it, ike thinks so too. so ike did not want that draft ended. i'll tell you who also pushed for it into the draft, a libertarian who joined us in '67, martin anderson, who was a young nixon aid, one of the young men around nixon, as i was then, steve. >> john from austin, texas, go ahead, pleads. you're next. >> uh, yes. thank you for both of you, the panelists, for the discussion today. it's very good. i've got two quick questions. the first one is, how do you view the democratic party now versus 1968? it just seems to me that a lot of people who don't really love this country have taken over, and the leadership of the democratic party. my other question is a what if question. i usually stay away from what if questions, but with the two panelists today, i think it's appropriate to ask. and the w

and richard nixon is here on 1968. you wrote about that. why was that a significant moment in pop politics? >> it is significant we put in context of richard nixon's evolution. in 1960, he saw bobby kennedy as appearing on television show in a talk show format. is i'm hobnobbing with hollywood celebrities. it is how he prepared his campaign. he turned his celebrity to gain political power. he was able to do that on the primary chair -- trail. and stayed with him throughout the 1968 election. nixon actually used that tactic against kennedy. he said that he was perceiving g publicity. when nixon lost the 1968 election and then years later, the governor's race in california, he took some time to figure out why. what went wrong. he studied what he had done. he also studied ronald reagan and in the nixon library, their boxes of research that he did on ronald reagan. he observed that reagan was really effective at using television to connect it to the emotions of voters. there is a really compelling speech where you have nixon's handwriting on it

nixon. they addressed education, the economy, legalizing marijuana and public transportation in ner york city. this is about one hour.vi ♪ >> the new york democratic gubernatorial debate sponsored w by cbs two, and hofstra university. here is your moderator, cbsyour maurice dubois. >> good evening. we're coming to you tonight from the sports and exhibition complex on the campus of hofstra university on long island. tonight the democrat and for governor of new york are faceup in the one and only debate theio before the primaries election. welcome everyone.ary i'm maurice dubois enjoying the tonight is chief political correspondent marcia kramer. we've asked our audience tonight to be respectful and not interfere with the debate if we want you to know we are streaminggrespectf now on cbs ad york.com and on facebook.com/cbs new york. let us welcome the candidates, governor andrew cuomo and challenger cynthia nixon. and governor cuomo, ms. nixon,r cyni governorno opening or closing statements as

image nixon had an problem. part was from the press conference we talked about, part if it were elements of his personality that didn't go over well. he interested in the fall of 1966 in terms of campaigning for republicans all over america. he was everywhere. he campaigned for liberal republicans, moderate republicans, conservative republicans. in doing so, he addressed the question of the old nixon versus .he new nixon all of these major publications were writing about him. a sickly accepting that yes, there is a new nixon. host: the first to enter the race in 1968 was a governor george romney. he was the first to leave in february of 1968. what happened? guest: romney did not manage to graduate from state politics. lot of governors, and it is a totally different situation from being the governor of the state and running for the presidency. the stuff comes at you in a deluge. the margin for error is is very low. mccarthy expressed it pretty well devastatingly when he said, probably a light rise would have been

nixon had another problem. he had an image problem and part of it was elements of his personality that didn't go over very well with the great deal of people and he addressed both of those problems in the fall of '66. in terms of campaigning or republicans all over america. he was everywhere, and he campaigned for liberal republicans and he campaigned for moderate republicans and he campaigned for conservative republicans and in doing so he addressed the question of the old nixon versus the new nixon and "newsweek" magazine had him on the cover, "time" had him on the cover and the major publications who were writing about him and basically accepting, yes, was there a new nixon. >> the first to enter the race in 1968 was george romney, and he was the first to leave the race in 1968. what happened? >> romney, ever graduated from national politics. i used to cover presidential campaigns for the wall street journal and i covered a lot of governors in those days. it's a totally different situation from being governo

in doing so, and he addressed the question of nixon versus the new nixon person. they covered all of these major publications that were writing about him. it was effective. >> governor george romney was the first in the race. and he was the first to leave in february. what happened? >> romney didn't manage to graduate from state politics to national politics. i covered a lot of governors and national politics. it was a totally different situation between governing estate and running for president. you were in a day illusion have to move so fast and you can't make a mistake. when he said he had been brainwashed in vietnam, he made himself a figure. he said it devastatingly -- >> the issue of civil rights pert romney and rockefeller perked. the civil rights act of 1964, the republican party increasingly becomes the party opposed to mandatory busing, opposed to federal desegregation efforts, the war on poverty. targeting african-americans. and government overreaching. that is not the only issue but i think it is central. it is hard to see how romney and the brainwash

nixon actually used that tactic against kennedy. he said that he was pursuing cheap publicity that was un-presidential. and when nixon lost the 1960 election and then two years later the governor's race in california he took some time to figure out why. what went wrong. and he studied what he's done, and he also studied ronald reagan. and in his library there were these boxes of research that he did on ronald reagan. and he observed reagan was really effective in using television to connect to the emotion of viewers, of voters. and there's this really compelling speech where you have nixon's writing on it and he says reagan appeals to the hearts, we appeal to the minds. are we missing something by not invoking this media strategy? and he gathered this team and they all agree what wept wrong in 1960 is he did want use media effe effectively. he completely revamped and followed what kennedy did and reagan did. and this is really significant because at the end of the day he believed and the people he surrounded himself with believed th

nixon? ms. nixon: yes, i agree. we cannot force them into shelters, and the city can make a bigger investment, and the state can make a bigger investment in ending homelessness, but we have such a large homelessness situation because we have a housing crisis, and i do not think it is any coincidence that we have one wethe largest housing crises have ever seen in this state when the number one country bitter to andrew cuomo's campaigns -- the number one contributor to andrew cuomo a positive campaigns are real estate firms, and we need to not only renew the rent laws when they expire next year but to strengthen them and to expand them, because, frankly, gentrification is pushing them out, particularly black and brown people out of the community as they have grown up in, and it is a tremendous problem, and we need rent protections, not just for buildings built before 1974 and with the regulations now that across the state. it is the number one issue that people upstate, downstate talk to me about. 30 seconds.mo: there

nixon!rful to see you. wonderful to see you. ♪ he's a jolly good fellow >> thank you for coming to green bay. >> dr. dreyfuss, all the distinguished guests on the platform and the distinguished members of the audience, it's a very great privilege and an honor for me to be here just prior to the winter carnival. i say prior to it, i'm afraid if i got here during the carnival, somebody would ask me to ski. [ laughter ] i remember the first time i met bob hope, in the year 1952 right after having been nominated for the vice presidency. and we were sitting together at a dinner and photographers came up and they said look at each other. you know they want to get you in some silly pose, they're the only ones they'll use, at least with me in them. so we finally turned to each other and bob hope with that wonderful humor of his, incidentally he has writers, but he can think, too. said you know, senator, when we get our noses together, what a wonderful ad for sun valley. [ laughter ] just to set the

you'll be with the candidate, the family, and the nixon staff. you'll know what richard nixon had to say and what people said to him. >> i get all those tales about bullies and everything. i'm glad to find some new hampshire people finally. >> how are you. >> how'd you get up here? yeah. how are the eagles going to do next year? >> richard nixon has talked about a new vision of america's future. he has said that 1968 is a time to begin that future. and the place to begin is in new hampshire. >> richard nixon's first noted press conference of the 1968 presidential campaign in manchester, new hampshire. >> i have decided that i will test my ability to win and my ability to cope with the issues in the fires of the primary. and not just in the smoke-filled room of miami. >> the nixon schedule for the next three days would include a reception, a dinner speech, and with people about issues. in public and on television. >> i'm looking to the future of this down to the end of the 20th century. in 1960, i necessarily had to think of the past, also of the

and in doing so he addressed the question of the old nixon versus the new nixon. all these major publications were writing about him and basically accepting yes, there is a new nixon. race ine first in the 1968 was governor george romney and he also was first to leave the race in february of 1968. what happened? robert: romney never seemed to graduate from state politics to national politics. i covered a lot of governors in those days. it's a totally different situation, being governor of a state and running for the presidency. stuff comes to you at a day lose. so fast,es to you there's no margin of error. mccarthy expressed it it pretty well when he said, a light rinse would have been adequate. matthew: i think the issue of civil rights, romney and pro-civilr, rights. after the voting rights acts, therepublican party becomes party opposed to mandatory busing, opposed to federal desegregation efforts, argues that the war on poverty targeting african-americans is a total failure and an example of government overreach. that's not the only issue but it's a central is

richard nixon was never boring. as david mentioned, he was probably as interesting in his after-presidency as he was during his presidency. i chronicled in the book, beginning with spiro agnew. remember him being in some trouble? i remember my editor at the new yorker lamenting, very justly, legendary william shawn said what do you think of writing next? and i said, i don't know. i just have a feeling we are going to change vice presidents and presidents within a year. this is labor day. it was a very out there kind of thought at the time. and so, we agreed that i would write a journal. diary. i would watch the events and interpret them and talk about them. we don'tt the time, know how to change vice presidents. we didn't know how to do anything. to changeknow how vice presidents, how to impeach a president. we didn't know how to get another president. it was all kind of made up as we went along. one of the most distressing things about now is the loose way in which the word impeachment is tossed around. to this may

speech -- you won't have dick nixon to kick around nixon said he was finished. so he thought that he was finished, and he wasn't. and his good friends in california, they said get out of york, and, go to new you could actually rise back up. 64, he got up on the convention stage and denounced extremism. g washat he was doinj rejecting the republicanr very well with a great deal of people. campaigning for republicans all over america, he was indefatigable, he was everywhere. managedigns to graduate from state politics to national politics. i used to cover presidential campaigns. it is a totally different situation from being governor of a state and runnin which he tald about the state of the republican party and the conservative movement. >> one we talk about the convention or the delegates, there are estimates ranging from 48%, 60%. goldwater delegates returning this year. do you see yourself as the only hope of the conservatives in the parking? they certainly are not going to rally around rockefeller and many of them rally around richard nixon. where else would

nixon?> we don't know how many coming in, but we hope they all will be going out. >> oh, yes, i have complete faith in him. i think he is the man for us today. i think he will do it this time. >> do you judge a man by his handshake? >> no. no. by his past actions. >> i whe was very, very sincere very warm, very nice. it was a pleasure. >> i think he's a very well lauded person. he is appealing more and more to the younger generation and to more people, which is most important part. >> i feel anyone is better than johnson. >> i think he's improved. >> there you are. there's three. how is that? >> thank you. >> all right. >> how are you doing? are you a friend of dave? >> a friend of nixon. all the way. >> tell me is this fellow a good chairman up here? >> a darn good fella. >> you really think so? >> i really think so. he is a good guy. >> all right. good. well, as a matter of fact, that's what we hear. we've got a lot of people said, well, he is too young to be chairman and i said, well, we

president richard nixon is greeted by premiere.the next eight days, the two nations will begin the process of slowly bridging diplomatic barriers. ♪ >> so, that was a big deal. that handshake was a big deal to see richard nixon, who had been a hard-line anti-communist during his whole career, who had railed against democrats for having lost china to communism in 1949, undertake this trip, make that handshake, combined with the s.a.l.t. i agreements. he did all this while he also conducted a ruthless secret bombing campaign against the north vietnamese to try to bring the vietnam war to an end. many credited nixon's foreign policy achievements with his landslide victory against george mcgovern in 1972. conservatives disagreed with what nixon was doing between 1969 and '72. they saw it as a mistake. one of the earliest critics of detente came from within the democratic party. washington senator henry "scoop" jackson, who was called the senator from boeing because of the location of this military contractor in his home state, was a li

richard nixon came into prominence. after that discussion, we will show you a half-hour of nixon for president campaign film. post the candidate in new hampshire and new -- wisconsin. in an inner view with the professor on how richard nixon changed his media strategy for 1968. and later, the life and career of a leading conservative woman from that era. congress roma, ambassador, and author, clare booth luce. >>

>> richard nixon talked about a new vision of america's future. he has said that 1968 is the time to begin that future and the place to begin is in new hampshire. ♪ >> on february 2, richard nixon held his first press conference of the 1968 presidential campaign in manchester, new hampshire. >> how can you run now and you couldn't win in 1960? >> my ability to win and focus on the issues have been in the fires of the primary, and not just a smoke-filled room in miami. >> over the next three days, there would be a reception and a speech. and conversations with people about issues in public and on television. >> in 1968, i look to the future of the country. in 1960, i necessarily had to think of the fast, also the future, but to think of the past and defendant. in 1968, as you gentlemen will hear in my speeches starting saturday night, i will be talking about america's future, my vision of that future, and what i think i could do with the years of experience i have behind me. >> what does your campaign have that the previous campaign did not have? >

he considered nixon a friend, and he felt lied to and betrayed by nixon. nixon, of course, had the choice between resignation and impeachment. he chose resignation and now ford finds himself going from congressperson, to vice president, and now president of the united states in eight months. to give you an idea of just how fast this had happened, when president ford became vice president, he had kept his phone number in the white pages of the alexandria phone book. he believe first down people need to get ahold of me, they need my phone number. well, now all of a sudden he's president of the united states. he is now president of the united states. his phone number is still listed, and his aides told him, you've got to get an unlisted phone number. that gives you an idea of how fast this all happened. so here enters ford, a popular president, approval rating around 75%. the person to use ford's own words, the person who was going to end america's nightmare. and he gave the impression to the american people as far as i'm concerned that he was an average joe

the follow-up to richard nixon's deal from 1972. the used the anger over this agreement that the president entered into as a way to raise money and to mobilize and expand the membership base and conservative organizations. they were have been too embarrassed democrats because of carter's support for the treaties. it is patriotism said one of the leading activists and that is the issue we do best with. a number of conservative organizations such as the american conservative union the caucus and the committee for the survival of a free congress were all lobbying against the senate to avoid and reject the ratification of the deal that would give control back to the panamanians. they sent out prominent figures like ronald reagan to speak to local groups about the dangers. carter pushed back against conservatives as the senate battled over it. he had a pretty successful plan. he lobbied politicians individually to whenever their support. we have no chips to call in the way president johnson, nixon and ford did because we have not been th

nixon's was more organized, more orderly. that reflected the candidate's personality and the nature of the parties. democrats traditionally rebel and a certain amount of creative instructive chaos. but humphrey became appointment figure. -- appointment figure. defining question became can you as vice president establish your independence? that is challenge that all vice presidents confront? humphrey had sacrificed much of his standing among the left of his party because he had followed president johnson's vietnam policy. he gave a speech with the less money in the bank from salt lake city in which he broke with the johnson policy and talks about taking chances for peace and stopping the bombing. he moved unilaterally in the direction of the antiwar plank that a month earlier had been defeated in the convention. redefines attempt to his candidacy and from that point on, he began closing the gap. people forget how close that campaign was and at the end, it was a coin toss. richard nixon at the republican convention, same thing.

he had considered nixon a friend and felt very lied to, felt very betrayed by nixon. nixon, of course, had a choice between resignation and impeachment, chose resignation. and now ford finds himself in a period of eight months going from congressperson to vice president and now president of the united states. to give you an idea of just how fast this had happened -- um, okay, when president ford became vice president, he had kept his phone number in the white pages of the alexandria phone book. because he believed if people need to be able to get ahold of me, then they got to be able to have my phone number. well, now all of a sudden he's president of the united states, he's now president of the united states, his phone number is still listed, and his aides told him to get an unlisted phone number, which he did, but it gives you the idea of just how fast all of this happened. so here enters ford, a popular president, approval rating around 75%. the person to use ford's own words, paraphrase ford, the person to end america's nightmare. and he gave the impression to the

, would nixon go to trial. and he wanted to get the country focused on what considered more important issue and the way he felt he could do that was by pardoning the former president. yet doing so created an uproar. the anger was intense. and some people charged there was a conspiracy by which nixon resigned and gave for the presidency by a promise from ford to pardon him. the point is the anger wez so intense that as one aide later said the pardon destroyed ford's image and made it hard for him to talk about anything else. and there was a lot of anything else ford had to talk about. the u.s. withdrawal from vietnam, the crisis when the u.s. merchant ship was seize by cambodia for a brief time, promoting an arms facility control union, promoting the peace process, an economic recession, the energy crisis, the noouew york city financial crisis. all of them, by the way, have been dealt with by presidential scholars, i deal with them, too. but there are two others that in addition to it list i just gave you ford a

>> nixon doesn't trust anyone. and he feels that, that this is too sensitive an issue so that only the people he trusts most will be apprised of what's going on. nixon secrecy was the key to reresolving all of this if we're going to solve it diplomatically, as he's undertaking the secret diplomacynd vietnamization, nixon also very boldly decides to go after communist sanctuaries and supply lines in laos and cambodia. 1970, the u.s. and the south vietnamese army invade cambodia. a year later the south vietnamese army with american air support invades laos. for nixon it makes sense, i'm going to go after the supply lines that feed the communist war effort in the south. the thing is, nixon is supposed to be deescalating the war and now he's invading two other countries. that didn't sit well with a number of people in the u.s. nixon decides to engage aggressively moscow and beijing. nixon recognizes that they're giving hanoi the guns, allowing it to wage the war. as he's going after the supply lines, nixon also goes to

it looks like nixon might win. if nixon wins, then he is going to have a more hard-line, and less willingness to immediately stop the american bombing of north vietnam, which was the main thing that the north vietnamese wanted. but, it was in the north vietnamese interest to negotiate with the south vietnamese and the american. but, then strangely at the last minute, the south vietnamese walk away from the negotiation, they said no, we are not going to negotiate anymore. these are talks that have been ongoing. they had been moving toward some conclusion and concession, getting closer, johnson and humphrey were hopeful something would be resolved before the election, because that would have been useful for them politically. south vietnam steps away, and the whole thing falls apart. for a long time, there has been speculation that the nixon campaign had something to do with it, and there was no cream. i want to end with this one piece. here you are taking history class, you have been talking about the past, and one o

from nixon it makes sense. i will go after the supply lines that feed the communist war effort in the south. nixon is supposed to be de- escalating the war. now he is invading two other countries. that did not sit well with a number of people in the u.s. that did not sit well with a number of people in the u.s. nixon decides to engage aggressively. moscow and beijing. nixon recognizes that they are giving hanoi the guns and allowing it to wage war. as he is going up to the supply lines, nixon also goes to the soviets, to the chinese, asking for their help ending the war. it will bear some dividends. as he is doing all of this, he bombs. on a scale that johnson never did. one johnson announced that he was not going to run for a second term, he also curtailed the bombing of north vietnam. in 1968 before the election, he suspended all bombing of north vietnam. life in north vietnam goes back to normal. people are happy. 72 nixon needs to and the war and he is talking to the chinese and the soviets and he starts bo

troop strength in vietnam under nixon, gradual decline. but nixon wants peace with honor. he doesn't want to just leave because he knows that, again, for credibility reasons, nixon knows he's not going to win the war, but he has to do something so that it doesn't look like the americans surrendered. he knows he's going to lose vietnam, and he can live with that, but what he cannot afford to lose is the cold war. so, the u.s. has to gather vietnam in a dignified manner. that's why it takes four years. nixon's strategy with respect to getting out of vietnam and the same one that charles de gaulle used to get out of algeria. nixon basically copies de gaulle, who took four years get france out of algeria. these are the secret talks. so, this is that upper left-hand corner picture, kissinger and his counterpart, who's le zuan's bff. this is the le zuan's number one guy. he's the only one that le zuan trusts, just like kissinger is the only one nixon trusts. they're the ones talking secretly. so, there's three pictures of them and then there's a picture of me when i had promise

the follow up to richard nixon deal from 1972. they use the anger over this agreement that the president had entered into as way to raise money and to mobilize and expand their membership base in conservative organizations. they were hoping to embarrass democrats because of carter support for these treaties. it's patriotism said how aard pl li we're all lobbying against the senate to avoid and reject the ratification of this deal. they sent out prom innoceinent . carter had a pretty successful plan. he lobbied politicians individually to win over their support. we have no chips to call in the way president johnson, nixon and ford did because we not been there long nufr. carter still figured out a way to win over senate support.enuf. carter still figured out a way to win over senate support.nufr. carter still figured out a way to win over senate support.onuf. carter still figured out a way to win over senate support.unuf. carter still figured out a way to win over senate support.gnuf. carter still figured out a way to win over sena

now to nixon. nixon wrote several articles. political journals published them in circulation 2000. i guess you can call him a globalist today. he looked at the whole world of what was happening. despite all the things that happened after the fact, as a quaker, he did not really like the concept of war, because he made comments that the war only get to to a table where you will then finally settle it with a treaty. but, getting to the table is a disastrous thing that societies have to do in order to keep the peace for all the other people who don't have the strength you keep the peace. this has been a republican position for a long time. peace, democrats picked it up, but everybody believes that. but, many people believe in politics that you have to have military strength that you don't want to use and you can't use in the concept of what is called mad at neutral distraction with nuclear bombs. so, the public at that time, republicans, many independents, and some democrats, felt that johnson had not done enough to get it over with, and nixon showed a little hope that he was thinking

nixon's was more in 1968? organized, but that reflected the candidate's personality and the nature of the parties. rebelats, traditionally, in a certain amount of creative, constructive chaos. in a lot of ways became a poignant figure. at the end of september of that year, the defining question became can you as vice president establish your independents. -- your independence? humphrey had sacrificed much of his standing among the left because he had followed president johnson's the an on policy. he gave a speech with the last money in the bank insult like city and which he clearly broke with the johnson policy and he talked about taking chances for peace, and stopping the bombing, and other stuff. he moved unilaterally, considerably in the direction of that a monthlank earlier had been defeated at the convention. it was his attempt to redefine his candidacy. from that point on, that a month earlier had been defeated at the convention. it was his he began closing the gap. people forget how incredibly close tha

he considered nixon a friend. he felt lied to and betrayed by nixon. nixon, of course, had the choice between resignation and impeachment. he chose resignation and ford finds himself in eight months, going from congress when to vice president, to president of the united states. to give you an idea of just how fast this had happened, when president ford became vice president, he had kept his phone number in the white pages of the alexandria phonebook. he believed if people needed to get a hold of him, then they have to be able to have my phone number. now, all of a sudden he is the president of the united states. his phone number is still listed. his aides told him, you have to get an unlisted phone number. but it gives you an idea of just how fast all of this happened. so, here enters ford. a popular president. approval rating was around 75%. the person to use for's own words -- -- he was an average joe who raised an average american family. he worked in the shirtsleeves, cooked his own breakfast he had -- breakfast, he had english muffins with melon a

nixon had the soft puddle and nixon had the harder edge. by august, you get to the national convention. we rarely ever hear about the republican convention, which happened at the beginning of august, because it really did not make much news compared to what happened at the end of august with the democrats in chicago. so, the republicans came into their convention with richard nixon and it was pretty clear with -- where they were going to go. it is not clear whether the establishment forces now led by and personified by hubert humphrey's, stockton vice president who is now running for the nomination, had not ran in any primaries i do, but is running for the nomination, a top voter of how the nomination has changed, but chicago also becomes the destination for the antiwar left, where we have a group in new york that is sponsoring buses to go to the convention, and is talking about how the tens of thousands will be there to demand an end to the war in vietnam and against black america. so these two causes, racial justice at home, and end of th

nixon in october of 1968. while nixon is still a private citizen. not president, not president-elect. paris peace talks are going on. among those scribbled notes, he essentially says, he's transcribing saying, is there anything we can do to monkey wrench this? anything rmn can do, richard nixon can do? what can we do to make these stops so johnson and humphrey don't get a pr victory. and then the talks can resume when i'm president and then we can make something happen. so a powerful example of how our understanding of the past is always changing. how new evidence can also introduce new interpretations. and how perhaps some of the, some of the things we thought were true about what a president did and why he did it. can change many, many decades after his death. so november, november 5th, 1968, election day. nixon wins. george wallace gets the south. and even though this looks like a very red map, it was not as close as one might think. yes, nixon gets an electoral majority. but you do have, and there's a ques

and that is who nixon won. the proof is in the pudding. nixon lost the deep south. he won the outer or peripheral south. it is a complicated story. goldwater features it. there is nuanced to it. -- nuance to it. i don't mean to jump over the nuance. i have been to the nixon library and listened to the watergate tapes. n private, nixon kind of hated everybody. he does not like the irish, italians, the ancient greeks. he calls the ancient greeks "fags." i mean, socrates. nixon had a lot of private resentment, but was a very machiavellian figure. that is really why the left has not been able to find any -- none of these private prejudices put themselves in the public so you have to wait for the secret watergate tapes later to find out that privately nixon had harbored all this stuff so it is complicated. bottom-line is i have never heard that quote. i will check it out. >> benedict would care to make a comment on arthur jones running as a republican, who is previously an american not see -- nazi party and has been condemned. 20,000 people actually did vote for him. din

of any crimes that nixon might have committed in office thus erasing any chance that nixon would evered or convicted let alone sent to jail. that's how we sorted it out last time as a country. no more looming indictment, no chance of prison time for the former president the guy everybody knew was an unindicted co-conspirator in the watergate cover-up. yesterday, president nixon got company in the category of serving presidents who have been named as unindicted co-conspirators when the president's personal lawyer michael cohen pleaded guilty to ought felonies when he said the president directed him in two. he is named as individual one. it is likely president trump will stay unindicted, at least on these charges, that he won't face criminal charges of any kind, in fact, while he still has the keys to the oval office. what happens when it comes time to hand the keys to the next president when ever that day comes and is there any sort of pen numb fwlau exten penunbra in terms of his interests and the people close to him at least in a way that will a matter him while he's considering his

that's a nixon won. the proof is in the pudding. nixon lost the deep south. he won the out or peripheral south. it's accomplished it is torture goldwater features into. i discuss all of his and the book. there's nuance to it at a meter jump over the new wants but let me just say that, i will confess i've been to the nixon library and listened to the watergate tapes and in private nixon kind of hate everybody. i mean, he doesn't like the irish turkey doesn't like the italians. he doesn't like ivy leaguers turkey doesn't like the ancient greeks picky called the ancient greeks. socrates socrates was a like that. nixon had a lot of private resentment but he was also a very machiavelli in figure who weighed what he said the public and that's really why the left has been able to find in the cognitive private tragedies play this is out in the public sphere, find a privately nixon had a harbor for all the stuff is coupled to the bottom is of no for the quarter i'm going to check it out. i highly doubt it was said by richard milhouse nixon. go ahead. >> jeremy from be

in fact, rachel, there was a gallup poll taken not long after nixon quit of americans, should nixon beed in a criminal trial, 56% of americans said, i'm still so outraged and indignant i think nixon should go to trial. that was a big worry for nixon and nixon would call up members of the senate and cry to them, literally cry, i can't take anymore, please get me out of this. he had a little bit more bravado with other people and call up friends and say, if it happens, i go to jail, some of the best political writing in history has been done in jail, look at lennon and gandhi. >> wow. he was citing lennon as his potential prison author inspiration. >> he had come a long way from his early years in southern california. >> nixon stayed on as president for months, a scandal ridden few months, after he was named as an unindicted co-conspirator in watergate. you co-conspirator. michael cohen and paul manafort suggesting that those indictments of all those watergate related figures might have been an equivalent here. once the public knew that the grand jury had concluded that he was a coconspi

maybe even you had an exhibit at the nixon library about pat nixon. wow, they had some really interesting travel that she did around the world, et cetera. but one of the -- we mentioned in the meachum discussion, there is a subject of albert burleson. this is really micro history but interesting story. so apparently when edith -- ellen wilson who preceded edith wilson, first lady of woodrow wilson, when he does all the things to shut down the press and the post and all of this, ellen pointed out to him, some of you may know, she was concerned about the fate and plight of workers in the government. they were not in safe conditions. especially the women workers. and so she pointed out that many women that worked in the postal service in washington were getting tuberculosis. she asked them to tell burleson. the message was never carried on. she was dismissed and didn't seem important and all of this. i think on the seam cene of bei inclusive, we need to kind of draw on all of the things that you're talking about, the archives, and think of the future. ho

>> richard nixon. >> richard millhouse nixon. what platform is nixon running on? [ inaudible ] >> -- end the war. >> he's not talking about pulling out troops yet but is promising, i'm going to end the war. what else is he promising the american people? if you are living in peoria turning on your nightly news, what do you see? >> the absence of "lawlaw and o and he's promising those things. >> ah. the democrats are running, hubert humphrey. but there's going to be a problem. the democratic national convention for that year will be held in chicago. and the students for democratic action, these anti-war groups and a host of other social protest groups are going to gather together in chicago trying to basically disrupt or shut down the convention as much as they can. the mayor of chicago is richard daley who does not like to have the machine messed with. so as the protesters increasingly sort of restful start to surge, he calls on them. they will call it a police riot. in fact, outside of the convention, the news cameras are rolling, the pictures are being taken, and