nixon supported it by 1968. all party candidates supported the era, but it was more or less pro forma. and you see the movement starting and especially the movement for the era starting. in the early, the late sixties and early seventies. so nixon had an idea that he and his staff they would make in part in the the sports analogy a double play for women's rights. thinking again largely of the politics, but not exclusively politics. do a re-endorsed ment of the era in 1971, when he the opportunity with the supreme court in thinking he could appoint a woman and make a real big splash. well, they were unable to find a woman who the american bar association would support. so they didn't. they they appointed rehnquist and lewis powell and there was a little bit of delay in endorsing the equal rights amendment. a lot of the members of the staff felt, you know that his past endorsements were sufficient. it's very interesting, though. pat nixon supported the era and julie nixon, eisenhower him a little note saying, dear

so i so, i got to know richard nixon. so i got i got a bunch of letters from richard nixon.i spent a number of years cultivating him. and i have to admit in public, i had you know, i had an intent. you know, i, i, i had a private purpose in doing this because at some point i was going to ask him. and the point came in 1989, and i asked him if he had been of what kissinger had done had been in 1971, the between bunkers, plans and, kissinger's plans and nixon white to totally lost his composure. and you could just see in his face and everything like this he was he was just he was in agony because and then he didn't want to talk about it anymore. but my sense was to go to your point he was some burden because we lost the war. what related to watergate his resignation, kissinger's negotiations. but he hadn't he hadn't connected all dots and on that afternoon in that in that moment, he the dots and and this was a man i felt just filled with with with with it was it wasn't anger so much it was something deeper to comment on back to your point, what else? yes, dr. thank you very mu

that they told nixon he would never get him passed through congress and nixon asked them who can i get congress and they both said we have worked with jerry ford for years. he's honorable and reaches across the aisle and tries to get things done. we trust jerry ford and you can get him nominated and passed in congress as your vice president. so i remember the night that dad found out he was going to be vice president. and my mother was just heartbroken. she thought she was on the way out of politics and all of a sudden dad becomes vice president. and i will never forget my dad putting his arm around my mother and he said, don't worry, betty. vice president's don't do anything. and that was october of 1973 and we all know, 10 months later, nixon resigned and dad become president of the united states. peter: back to the night of august 8, 1974, watching the nixon speech, what was your parents' reaction? steven: i think they expected it was coming. it was very solemn. this was not a -- this was not a good moment for the american people, for the nation. this was a constitutional crisis. ou

nixon and mr. rockefeller, and i would prefer mr. nixon.ion will come to order. [gavel bangs] - 1968 is the last presidential year in which it was possible to run for president without entering any primaries. ronald reagan showed up in miami beach, gave a press conference, and said, "i'm running for president." - yes, as of this moment, uh-- in response to that resolution by the california delegation, i am a candidate. - reagan is, in many ways, everything nixon is not. he's smooth, he's handsome, people like him. and people are-- are confused, they're like, "we believe that he's a true conservative, "and we've never really trusted nixon. okay, so, now what are we gonna do?" - the name of the game right now is "stop nixon." now if a lot of those southern delegates move away from nixon to ronald reagan, then they feel that nixon can be stopped on that first ballot. - the real fear was that rockefeller and reagan could hold off enough votes, so that that they could prevent us having a victory on the first ballot. and then it would break wide

nixon is a winner.ent immediately into the bedroom where nixon was propped up with his briefcase on his lap. i said, sir, i said you've just been declared the winner he jumped out a bed. looks at the sat and everybody is cheering and congratulating one another. >> he was vindication validation he's everything he had dreamed off so greatest comeback and political history and nobody could believe it nixon declined to claim victory even though it was his until humphrey had conceded. and a little afternoon today, humphrey dead, but tears in his eyes i never had any doubt that, but it would be a close fight once see come saw, you know, runway one it bounced a little one-way bossed a little another we've got a president elect he's going to have my help shared i think the problem with the humphrey campaign was that it was built on seeking sand from the beginning. and that is the old democratic coalition, which no longer exists. and hubert humphrey tried to win with it one more time. and and he fell short becau

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welcome to the nixon library. it is a real honor to have any justice of the supreme court with us, but particularly you, sir. and i want to welcome you back. so thank you for being here. well. it is so great to be in the western united states again, though i have to say, this replica of the east room brings back a little ptsd. when i was introduced to the country and my nomination, it was in the east room and i think i was photographed in more in one minute than i had been in my entire life time. but that's not surprising. your book overruled is timely, and it is refreshing because it talks about a lot of stories. you use it to highlight stories of regular americans who are just trying to live their lives, but they find themselves dealing with the government. your honor, don't take this. the wrong way, but i can't say that the stories or the circumstances in overruled make me particularly optimistic about our long term priorities of several of our country's institutions. so am i wrong? and let me start by asking.

i am the president and ceo of the richard nixon foundation. and i'd like to begin this evening by welcoming and thanking all of the annual members of the nixon foundation, our presidents council members, our associates club members members of the nixon society. you all support and sustain educational programs that we offer here. so thank you very much. your support in regard to education, which you just saw little bit about in that little intro, warm up video, we have a real crisis of civics education in our state and in our when you see students unable answer or answer the most basic about what our country is and how structured, certainly we can agree that is worrying. so nixon foundation is currently engaged in an effort to teach civics education students, elementary school students, middle school students, high school students, even into undergraduate universities. so i would invite you all to learn more about our efforts and to get involved with us in our american campaign by going to nixon foundation board. now on to our guest this evenin

i am the president and ceo of the richard nixon foundation. and i'd like to begin this evening by welcoming and thanking all of the annual members of the nixon foundation, our presidents council members, our associates club members members of the nixon society. you all support and sustain educational programs that we offer here. so thank you very much. your support in regard to education, which you just saw little bit about in that little intro, warm up video, we have a real crisis of civics education in our state and in our when you see students unable answer or answer the most basic about what our country is and how structured, certainly we can agree that is worrying. so nixon foundation is currently engaged in an effort to teach civics education students, elementary school students, middle school students, high school students, even into undergraduate universities. so i would invite you all to learn more about our efforts and to get involved with us in our american campaign by going to nixon foundation board. now on to our guest this evenin

whereas nixon came in without having thought about it that much thinking. i just know this stuff because i'm the vice president in your husband, dick goodwin, was actually involved in the debate prep for for kennedy they kennedy and nixon were relatively friendly from their time serving in the house together they had been indeed and there wasn't a great acrimony even at that point in time. my husband was part of a team of three with ted sorensen and the guy who did research, nick, mike feldman and they didn't have a stand-in at that time for nixon, but they had something called the knicks, a pedia, which was every statement that nixon had ever made a huge which binders and dick as the younger speech writer had to carry that around from place to place so they just really imagined what he would come back with and they had an answer for it because they knew that he had to have facts. that's what's interesting in 1960, what matter did you add real facts so that jfk could look like he was experienced, look like he knew what he was talking about and nixon just wi

, which was every statement that nixon had ever made. huge binders. and dick as the younger speech writer, had to carry that around from place to place. so they just really imagined what he would come back with. and they had an answer for it because they knew that he had to have facts that's what's interesting in 1960, what matter did you add real facts so that jfk could look like he was experienced looked like he knew what he was talking about and nixon just winged it was frozen. >> harris did today, she expects the former president to attack her racial and gender identity tomorrow night. i mean, if that happened i wonder how history will view that i think that if she's prepared for that, that could be one of those moments when she can turn things around. >> i mean, it seems to me surprising that he would do that but maybe he will not knowing knowing his impulsivity. and i can well imagine that her whole lifetime has prepared for that i mean, think about it was the debate which she had with biden beforehand when he was talking about dea

nixon well and encouraged him and never let him down and nixon thought this guy should be coaching notsmall college in california. he ought to be coaching in the big ten or the atlantic coast conference. he was that good but he never would because he was an indian and he would be discriminated against andn nixon believed tht so he always had a soft spot and once he let his white house know that he wanted to see some progresst, that resulted in the most dramatic change in indian policy in 50 years and so that stuff matters. clinton was one of those guys who cared. >> this year i don't know if celebrating is the right word but the 200th anniversary of the bureau i think on the 175th anniversary, you were the assistant secretary as a part of your role and apologized for the bureau's actions, which was huge in any country. >> when clinton went to the ridge, we suggested that the interior department the native american political appointees suggested to the white house that this might be an opportunity for the united states to apologize for f stealg the black hills for the sioux nation. and

the author was a speechwriter to former presidents nixon and reagan back in the 1960's and 1970's. near the end of his book, he writes, "i spent a decade and a half in close, confidential contact with these two presidents." in 1990, when president reagan and nixon were together chatting about history, he kept notes of their conversation which he reveals in his memoir. >> his book "behind closed doors, in the room with reagan and nixon" on this episode of booknotes plus, available on the c-span now free mobile app or wherever you get your podcasts. >> we are joined now by jonathan tamari, reporter for bloomberg government talking about the week ahead in congress. welcome to the program. >> thanks for having me. >> it will us about the -- tell us about the house and senate schedules for the month. >> today is a quiet day despite the looming threat of a shutdown at the end of the month. the senate comes in late today. the house is not back until tomorrow and then they're scheduled to be in the following week and theoretically that's when they're supposed to get things done. so we will

famously, gerald ford pardoned richard nixon and richard nixon had never even been charged with anythingso that sort of stands as a piece of history to suggest that presidents can pardon people when they have not even been charged with something. but that's not clear in the constitution, there's all kinds of ambiguities, but there is this mythology that somehow the pardon power is like that of king george iii. host: can pardons be conditioned in the same way paroles can be conditioned if they are not commutations? guest: yeah, so back to abraham lincoln's time, he commissioned pardons of confederate soldiers or people who had participated in the civil war on behalf of the south, the confederacy, he conditioned those pardons on taking an oath to the national government. in my book john dean, white house counsel for richard nixon writes in the forward, and he talks about how he drafted a conditional pardon for a very high-profile -- the pardon of jimmy hoffa, gangster teamster and union organizer. that was later challenged -- -- the conditional pardon by mr. jimmy hoffa, claiming that it w

and and nixon just loved him because, you know, treated nixon well and encouraged him and at never, never let him down. and nixon thought this guy really should be coaching, you know, not this this small college. and in california, he ought to be coaching in the big ten or or the atlantic coast conference. you know, he was that good. but never worked because he was an indian and he would be discriminated against. nixon believed that and so so he always had a soft spot for and once he let his white house know that he wanted to see some progress. indian country that in the most dramatic change in indian policy in 50 years and so this stuff matters and you know clinton was one of those guys who cared so. you know, this year we're celebrating. i don't know if celebrating is the right word, but it's the 200th anniversary of the bureau of indian affairs. yeah, that's right. but i think the hundred and 75th anniversary, you were the assistant as a part of your role and you apologized. yeah, right. for the bureau's actions, which was huge in any country. yeah well, i'm we had when when clinton we

nixon. >> now for therefore gerald ford, president of the united states, pursuant conferred upon me by of the constitution by these presents do grant a pardon onto cluster all offenses against the united states which he, richard nixon has committed or may have committed jimmy carter, egyptian president and israeli prime minister signed the camp david accords september the 17th, 1978. difficult negotiations still lie ahead. i hope the foresight and wisdom that have made this session is excess, these leaders and leaders of all nation as a tenet of progress toward peace. [applause] >> a look at significant moments in september and available to watch online are archives at c-span.org/history. >> american history tv. >> scandals are less impactful in a modern era for partisanship, misinformation, you are as additional in our own ecosystems. nationalized politics. it is leading to this story we can see since we have data from the 70s how it manifests. showing my work, our statistical analysis but let me summarize, we can look to see how long scandals last and to the degree they limit how lon

i mean, nixon was never charged. and therefore, there was never an occasion for the court to rule on it. it was something that was accepted by his successors. but why should that figure in the next case when? we talk about precedent. we really mean legal process, we talk precedent. and what i meant is historical precedent said right, i mean, set. walter when he was senator, right after that, proposed a constitutional amendment to address the nixon pardon there's an amendment pending right now, the house of representatives, that would override the immunity decision ban presidents ability to pardon themselves. we haven't gotten a chance. talk about that. so so the congress is aware that this is a problem. i would argue it agree with you legally legally that isn't a precedent. but it's so widely accepted. i mean, this is one of the reasons i wrote the book is to just disabuse those or try to try to get people to think twice about this almost knee jerk reactive assumption that when it comes to pardons, presidents or king

i mean, nixon was never charged. and therefore, there was never an occasion for the court to rule on it. it was something that was accepted by his successors. but why should that figure in the next case when? we talk about precedent. we really mean legal process, we talk precedent. and what i meant is historical precedent said right, i mean, set. walter when he was senator, right after that, proposed a constitutional amendment to address the nixon pardon there's an amendment pending right now, the house of representatives, that would override the immunity decision ban presidents ability to pardon themselves. we haven't gotten a chance. talk about that. so so the congress is aware that this is a problem. i would argue it agree with you legally legally that isn't a precedent. but it's so widely accepted. i mean, this is one of the reasons i wrote the book is to just disabuse those or try to try to get people to think twice about this almost knee jerk reactive assumption that when it comes to pardons, presidents or king

and nixon just loved him because he treated nixon well, encouraged him and never let them down. and nixon thought this guy really should be coaching, you know, not this small college in california. he ought to be coaching in the big ten or the atlantic coast conference, you know. he waswo that good but he never would because he was an engine and he would be discriminated against. nixon believed that. so we always had a soft spot for indians. andth once he let his white houe know that he wanted to see some progress in indian country, that resulted in the most dramatic change in indian policy in 50 years. and so this stuff matters. clinton was one of those guys who cared. >> i know this year we are celebrating, i don't know if somebody is right word, but the 200 anniversary of of indian affairs. i think on a 175th anniversary 75th anniversary you with the assistant secretary as part of your role and you apologize. >> yeah. >> for the bureau's actions, which was huge in any country. >> yeah. well, we had come when clinton went to pine ridge we asked, we suggested, we at the politic

. >> the book is called behind closed doors, in the room with reagan and nixon.t's the title of a memoir by a man who worked closely with both. the author was a speechwriter and a confidant to former presidents nixon and reagan in the 1960's. near the end of his book, chachigian writes, "i spent a decade and a half in close, confidential contact with these two presidents." in 1990, when president reagan and nixon were together, chatting about history, he kept notes of their conversation which he reveals in his memoir. >> behind closed doors, in the room with reagan and nixon on this episode of book notes plus. book notes plus is available on the c-span now free mobile app or wherever you get your podcasts. >> next, president biden and vice president kamala harris deliver remarks at the congressional black caucus foundation's 2024 phoenix awards dinner in washington, d.c. they speak on matters of race and other national issues impacting black communities. >> please join us as we introduce and honor with the congressional black caucus livetime

and so, you know, from then on then nixon was in the white house. he needed to be reelected. he hadn't had a very good turnout from among and his in the first go round. and he wondered why, you know why. because i'm from california, he said, i'm from california. i'm not california. but my father was a grocer. i worked with latinos. i, you know, piled fruit. their gardens in there and vegetables from their fields into my father's truck. i worked them. i know them. why didn't they vote for me? and big numbers. and so he was one president nixon was the one who established hispanic month hispanic heritage, who gave us really the name of hispanic, who insisted then because he brought hispanics to his first white house and said, what do i need to do? and and the hispanic advisor said, you need to have hispanic generals, you need to have hispanic bishops, you need to have hispanics, the white house and nixon. so this is you know, this wonderful way that we were given the name hispanics. then we became latinos, and we became latinos, which is really not a great name for us, because t

when i wouldn't vote, i would vote for lyndon johnson over bally goldor, but i would vote for richard nixon over jfk, you know? i would vote for dwight esenhower, he was also a republican, but not for him, who was there, i already forgot his democratic opponent, that is, there were some rare situations in the american history of the 20th century. if i would vote for democracy, for roosevelt, yes johnson, and probably for clinton, but it would be personal sympathy, it would be an emotion, i will say that we do not have such emotions for barack obama, and i believe that both mccain and romney are much more serious, thoughtful, strategically thinking politicians for me , than barack obama, although i recognize the personality of barack obama, he is a great personality from the point of view of political, what... to say, and i understand why he was the president of the united states twice, i have no questions, i'm just talking about myself, so what, so why am i telling you about it like this in detail, something the republicans have done that makes my three me vote for candidates from another p

that's all absolutely, although maybe with nixon i 'm saying too much because nixon was also by and largeof a pragmatist than a man of authority, and we still see the results of his pragmatism, they're negative, so by and large it's such a complicated story for me and... i think it's a difficult story for dzikaini. here is the answer to your question. if we are still talking about the united states of america, here is the last topic. volodymyr zelensky announced his trip to the usa. when it will be, we don't know yet. i understand, to the session of the general. well, apparently he said it would be in september. that is, as far as i understand, this is the end of september. dates need to be clarified, but less. sixth, on this trip, at this meeting with the leaders of the united states of america and other countries, zelenskyy is going to present a victory plan, and he is also going to present this victory plan to kamala harris, joseph biden and mrs. trump. in this context, how to build now. the country's relations with , including the same trump himself. we see that in in principle, the u

this is all absolutely, although perhaps i am speaking too much about nixon, because nixon, by and large pragmatist than a methodist. man, and we still see the results of his pragmatism, they are negative, so by and large it's such a complicated story for me, and i think it's a complicated story for dikachenya, that's the answer to your question, if we're still talking about the united states states of america, here is the last topic, volodymyr zelensky announced his trip to the usa, when it will be, we do not know yet. well, he probably said that it will be in september, that is, as far as i understand, it is the end of september, the dates need to be specified, but less so, on this trip, at this meeting with the leaders of the united states of america and other countries, zelensky is going to present a winning plan, and he is also going to present this winning plan to kamala harris. to joseph biden and trump, in this context, how can ukraine now build its relations with trump himself. we see that in in principle, the ukrainian leadership is trying to maneuver like this, not knowing who

nixon and i talking too much because nixon is too big the accountant was also more of a pragmatist than person, and we can still see the results of his pragmatism, they are negative, so by and large it's such a complicated story for me, and i think it's a complicated story for dzikacheny. here is the answer to your question. if we are still talking about the united states of america, this is the last topic, volodymyr. zelensky announced his trip to the usa, when it will be, we do not know yet, i understand, for the session of the general assembly, well, apparently he said that it will be in september, that is, as far as i understand, it the end of september, the dates need to be specified, but less, but on this trip, at this meeting with the leaders of the united states of america and other countries, zelenskyy is going to present... a plan for victory, and he is also going to present this plan for victory to kamali haris, joseph biden and trump, in this context, how to build ukraine's relations with trump himself. we see that, in principle, the ukrainian leadership is trying to maneuve

strategy for the united states to get in between the relationship between russia and china much like nixon and kissinger attempted to do with the opening ton china. and we got a little bit of a windup of an answer. when i finally pulledo, them bak he said yes we do have a strategy and i'm not prepared to talk to you about it. >> which i guess i could understand at least for the covid part of it. but you think of much of what you just described from the cold war were quite public open economic and communications element. if you were advising the next president about the elements of the strategy would be to get in the way of the russia/china relationship and that north korea i run one supporting it, what elements to be the most important part about that look like? >> don't- underestimate or overestimate either. harmonizing their interest is not very easy. hate cannot be warming the heart of an incredibly ethnocentric xenophobic kremlin to see china taking that silk road in central asia again. i cannot warm the hearts of the russians to think the indians are going to be pulled away because of

he was almost having a good time while nixon not putting makeup on,'s wedding, looked otherwise.s almost equal to kennedy but it was the appearance of matters. whatever feels like they had a won, they feel you have momentum. kennedy went out on the trail, clouds have quadrupled. it's pretty close thing, they have seen him in actual rallies before, and at that box on television, is a political celebrity. is the power of television. >> had a sort of guide, or they were like as kids, became president, what made you pick those four and that lessons from their childhoods? >> the reason i wanted to writer jan -- a book for young leaders, it was just so heartbreaking to hear that histories diminished in schools all over the country. avenue loved it so much, hearing the lessons from my father second record that a history. it provides perspective and solace and hope. i should not call them my guys, is just that i feel like i know them. that would be lincoln and the taught for roosevelt's and lbj. and talking about of them when they're young, tell stories to young leaders about how they gr