during nixon's administration more women were placed in mid-level government positions and appointed to boards and commissions than ever before. the number of women in high-level executive positions also increased. the story of nixon's efforts to bring more prim and into government was truly an epic tale. it is one of the many intriguing aspects of the nixon presidency they can be studied in the archives at the nixon library. in 2010 the national archives and the nixon foundation beganio cosponsoring a series of nixon's legacy forums were former members of the nixon white house staff and academic experts take part in moderated discussions on behind the scenes work during the nixon administration. today's symposium follows a legacy form formats bringing together the people who made history with the people who study it. we have greatly expanded the topics for discussion. it was only last me the president biden appointed me as the first woman to lead the national archives and it's 90 year history. we still have a lot of work to do to get more women into the higher astral owns of governme

panel two, nixon and administration and legislation, panel three women and presidential. panel four the impact of pat nixon and other first ladies and we also wanted to extend a special thank you to our colleagues at c-span are covering today's event and it will air on one of their programs at a later date. a thank you to our panelists, the moderators, as well as the dedicated staff at the nixon library, the richard nixon foundation, the national archives, the nixon docent guild and, many others who have worked tirelessly to make today's event possible. we appreciate each and every one of you. so today i am very honored, moderate. our first panel, which is telling women's history through historical records. i started as the nixon library director in april of 2023. so i'm almost done with very first year here. before that, i was the california state archivist, and in that role, i directed one of the largest archival institutions in the united states. so this topic, one of my very favorite, which is historic records and so now i would like to introduce you to our esteemed pa

during the first nixon administration, he was special assistant to the president and affairs, theretary of the council for rural affairs. he's the author of the last liberal republican an insider's perspective on nixon's surprising social policy. so it's a it's a very distinguished panel that, as i think the archivist said in her introductory remarks. it combines first person experience. archival. archival. knowledge and then academic expertise. so it covers every base and i think it's going to be very exciting. in the mid and late 1960s america experience, the greatest cultural, social and political upheaval since the great depression, since since the civil war, and in justice in 1861, just as in 1933. in 1968, america was at a tipping point, could implode, could explode. but it was certainly ready for radical change. that was the context when richard nixon was sworn in as 37th president on january 20th 1969, although his 1970 249 state landslide victory was, one of the two or three great landslides in our electoral. his 1969 margin was razor thin and he was the first president in 120

at discussions of his legacy, newsreel footage from the white house and interviews with the nixon administration staffers and those that served and worked in congress at the time. watch our special on the 50th anniversary of the resignation of president richard nixon all day beginning saturday at 8:00 a.m. eastern on american history tv on c-span two. c-span is your unfiltered view of government funded by these television companies and more. including charter communications. >> charter is proud to be recognized as one of the best internet providers and we are just getting started. building 100,000 miles of new infrastructure to reach those that needed the most. >> charter communications supports c-span as a public service along with these other television providers giving you a front row seat to democracy.

on the richard nixon's legacy, is direct but it's for the white house, and interview with nixon administration staffers and those who worked in congre the time. watch our special on the 50th anniversary on the resignation of richa nixon getting saturday, august 10 at 8:00 a.m. eastern on american history tv on c-span 2. ♪ announcer: american history tv saturdays on c-span 2 exploring the people and events that tell the american story. at 3:30 p.m. eastern just about clinton on the rise of public polling on political issues from the 19th century to the modern time. i have 4:30 p.m. eastern july fourth celebration featuring a reading of the declaration of independence by actors portraying as characters including abigail adams, benjamin franklin, and thomas jefferson. i 7:00 p.m. eastern watch historic intervention speeches featuring notable remarks about presidential nominees and other political figures from the past several decades. this week rainbow push coalition cofounder jessie jackson at the 1988 convention in atlanta after losing to michael dukakis. watch american history tv saturdays on-

day, discussions on richard nixon's legacy, footage from the white house and interviews with nixon administration staffers and those who served and worked in congress at the time. watch our special on the 50th anniversary for the rignation of -- richard nixon on american history tv on c-span two. c-span is your unfiltered view of

fellow americans, we have looked in vain to the nixon administration for the courage, the spirit, the character, and the words to lift us to bring out the best in us. to rekindle in each of us our faith in the american dream. yet all that we have received in return is just another smooth exercise in political manipulation, deceit and deception. callousness and indifference to our individual problems and the disgusting playing of divisive politics pitting the young against the old labor, against management, north against south, black against the white. the abiding concern of this administration has been one of political expedia's mercy rather than the needs of man's nature. the president has broken his promises to us and is therefore lost his claim to our trust and confidence in him. i cannot believe. i cannot believe that this administration would have ever been elected four years ago if we had known then what we know today. but we are entering. we are entering a new era in which we must, as americans, demand stature and size in our national leadership. leadership, leadership with a f

will air 24 hours of programming focusing on the watergate scandal and the key players in the nixon administrationiscussion on the impeachment investigation at all 5 p.m. eastern, then at 3:30 p.m. eastern, the july 8, 1974 supreme court oral argument in the case of united states versus nixon, focusing on his use of executive privilege. at 6:30 p.m. eastern, snakes and's white house staff, and his resignation address to the nation. throughout the day, see discussions on richard nixon's legacy, historic newsreel footage from the white house and footage of nixon administration staffers and those who worked and served in congress at the time. watch our special on the 50th anniversary of the resignation of president nixon all day beginning saturday at 8:00 a.m. eastern on c-span2. >> c-span is your unfiltered view of government. we're funded by these television companies and more. >> the world has changed. today, fast reliable internet is something no one can live without so wow is there for customers with speed, reliability, value and choice. it all starts with great internet. >> wow! supports c-span

tom charles huston was had worked during the nixon administration for the white house. he had been tasked with exploring a robust government response to nationwide protest and dissident, particularly in opposition to the nixon administration since vietnam war policies. but more broadly construed across the spectrum, you know how to oppose, how to combat any kind of dissent that was happening in the united states at that time. and houston came up with a plan that basically would have had all the national intelligence community sort of working to to squash dissent in the united states. those capacities that had been developed for law enforcement purposes, in the case of the fbi, for example, or for national intelligence and covert operations, in the case of the cia, those those capacities would be turned inward domestically on the american population, who were just voicing their right to dissent the government's policies and houston claimed later that he was just proposing something, that the intelligence communities were, in many cases, already doing. the us army was alr

the nixon administration indeed to roll up a scandal the complexity and dimension of watergate reired the concerted if not coordinated efforts of special prosecors. federal judges fbi both houses of congress the supreme court the justice and even then even then. nixon would have survived the scandal he would have walked. if not for the secret tapes that he had made of many of his conversations from 1971 to 1973. inside the white house and in his office in the old executive office building nixon had a surreptitious taping system put in place. the existence of those tapes was disclosed in july 1973 during hearings of a senate select committee on watergate. this was not this is a pivotal moment in the investigation in watergate because if you had the president's words as to what he was saying at the time in his meetings with top aides his his white house counsel and others then we have a pretty good idea of what's going on in the watergate. inside the white house woodward & bernstein did not disclose the existence of those tapes. and indeed they were pivotal they were pivotal to understa

at discussions of his legacy, newsreel footage from the white house and interviews with the nixon administration staffers and those that served and worked in congress at the time. watch our special on the 50th anniversary of the resignation of president richard nixon all day beginning saturday at 8:00 a.m. eastern on american history tv on c-span two. c-span is your unfiltered view of government funded by these television companies and more. including charter communications. >> charter is proud to be recognized as one of the best internet providers and we are just getting started. building 100,000 miles of new infrastructure to reach those that needed the most. >> charter communications supports c-span as a public service along with these other television providers giving you a front row seat to democracy. >> i am joined by rich lowry the editor of national journal and the editor online at national review. national review.com. let's start with your reaction to tim walz being selected as kamala harris's running mate. guest: i was shocked that it wasn't josh shapiro who was popular in pennsylvania

tom charles huston was had worked during the nixon administration for the white house. he had been tasked with exploring a robust government response to nationwide protest and dissident, particularly in opposition to the nixon administration since vietnam war policies. but more broadly construed across the spectrum, you know how to oppose, how to combat any kind of dissent that was happening in the united states at that time. and houston came up with a plan that basically would have had all the national intelligence community sort of working to to squash dissent in the united states. those capacities that had been developed for law enforcement purposes, in the case of the fbi, for example, or for national intelligence and covert operations, in the case of the cia, those those capacities would be turned inward domestically on the american population, who were just voicing their right to dissent the government's policies and houston claimed later that he was just proposing something, that the intelligence communities were, in many cases, already doing. the us army was alr

and so to get back to your question that the nixon administration evolved over time in terms of its claim operation and cooperation with the senate watergate committee by the summer of 1973. richard nixon had relented and allowed some of his former, now former staff to testify before the committee, but he still remained intransigent in his efforts to prevent the committee from gaining access to those presidential recordings. and it was former white house chief of staff h.r. haldeman, who was asked the now infamous question by leading republican howard baker. here's some of his testimony. the one thing that keeps recurring to me and the one thing i've tried to put to every witness that has unique information in addition to their own personal information and knowledge, is what the president know. and when did he first know it? now, you were closer to the press in the united states, more on than probably any other person in the world outside his immediate family. i want to know what you can tell me in that respect. what did the president know and when did he know it? i've tried to tell that

programming focusing on the 37th president, the watergate scandal and the key players in the nixon administrationograms include a discussion on the impeachment investigation at 12:45 p.m. eastern. at 3:30 p.m., the july 8, 1974 supreme court oral arguments in the case united states versus nixon focusing on president nixon's use of executive privilege. expense farewell to white house staff and at 8:00 eastern, president nixon's resignation address to the nation. route the day you can see discussions of nixon's legacy, historic footage from the white house and interviews with nixon administration staffers and those that served and worked in congress at the time. watch our special of the resignation of richard nix a.m. eastern on american history tv on c-span two. >> next, discussion with aarp executive vice president and chief public policy officer deborah whitman about her organizations policy priorities and aging. they also discussed financial

truth, president nixon did really resign haunted by his oval office tapes, how did the special prosecutor to address the nation on august 8, 1974. two dozen members of the administrationere convicted and sent to prison to cover-up the trial. president nixon was never brought in before that actual trial. he was not trieded in court wheeled no senate trial. in either of those instances his guilt would've had to been proven under the lures of evidence by witnesses subject to cause experimentation. that would skip. the formal presentation of but nixon whether that was in the court before the senate. he was convicted by the senate and he was convicted of court oppose fitting that glass there is plenty of room to lay down. and for discussion. in between the breaking of us and that is senior age as the scandal unfolded and all of mine were mesmerized by the prosecution and by the impeachment inquiry in the house. were now in the midst of the 50 the diversity of the period. the past labor day marked the fifth year from the fielding break-in. that was the break-in into the beverly hills offices of daniel ellsberg looking to see what his plans might be for further leaks like th

then michael dobbs with his book "kill richard" focuses on nixon administration's reactions days afterhe break. and the former advisor to president richard nixon and ronald reagan takes a behind-the-scenes look at their administrations. watch book tv every sunday on c-span2 and file a full -- find a full schedule and program guide on booktv.org. up next, coast guard vice commandant admiral kevin lunday talks about his military branch's readiness and challenges. he also talks about plans to modernize its aging fleet and increasing the cybersecurity capability. the biggest -- brookings institution discuss ion is about one hour. >> good morning, friends and colleagues from here in washington and around the country. thank you, c-span for covering this event. i am michael o'hanlon with the foreign policy program, honored to have admiral kevin lunday, the vice commandant of the coast guard, joining us for a discussion of this remarkable part of the u.s. department of homeland security, also known as the military service, under the command of the pentagon in a time of war, but also provides o

but each day brought new revelations of wrongdoing in the nixon administration. the watergate scandal was coming to a climax. by the summer of 1974 nixon's impeachment was before the house. all those in favor please signify by saying i all those pose no miss holtzman. i mr. mezvinski. i mr. hutchins. it was a time of anxiety for the american people. to the vice president. it was a time of anguish. he didn't know if the president would dig in and fight or resign. on august 9th 1974. it was settled. on the south lawn of the white house a painful ceremony unfolded returning to their new home nixon successor reassured his wife we can do it soon. he would reassure the nation. for gerald ford, there was no transition period no time to settle into the world's most demanding job. when i took the oath of office. and went back to the oval office. my desk was piled high with problems. we had an economic crisis. we had uncertainty with our allies and our adversaries. we had a lack of public trust in the government. i finally came to the conclusion that i had to get rid of mr.

a former washington post reporter focuses on the nixon administration's reactions after the watergatereak-in. at 8:00 p.m. eastern, is former advisor to presidents richard nixon and ronald reagan takes a behind-the-scenes look at their administrations. watch book tv every sunday on c-span 2 or watch online anytime at tv.org -- booktv.org. announcer: c-span is your unfiltered view of government. we are funded by these television companies and more, including charter communications. >> charter is proud to be recognized as one of the best internet providers, and we are just getting started, building one 100,000 miles of new infrastructure to reach those who need it most. announcer: charter communications supports c-span as a public service along with these other television service providers, giving you a front row seat to democracy. announcer: and now to a discussion on warfare and technology with the head of the u.s. european command, general christopher cavoli. this is about 50 minutes.

and it promised to investigate every allegation of wrongdoing lodged against the nixon administration since it first took office. in its own way, it was something of a legal specially -- operating without any bugetary or manpower restraints, targeting loads of nixon people for investigation and prosecution. well, that took its toll and that brings us to our third undeniable truth, president nixon really did resign. haunted by his oval office tapes, hounded by the special prosecutors who announced his resignation in an address to the nation on august 8th, 1974. he was then pardoned by president ford, but two dozen members of his administration were convicted and sent to prison in the break-in, the coverup and the trials. this is interesting, president nixon was never brought in before an actual trial. he wasn't tried in court and there was no actual senate trial. in either of those two instances, his guilt would have had to have been proven under the rules of evidence by witnesses under oath, subject to cross examination. but that was skipped. so the formal presentation of what nixon w

former washington post reporter michael dobbs with his book king richard focuses on the nixon administration'seaction during the 100 days after the watergate break-in. at 8:00 p.m. eastern, the former advisor to president richard nixon and ronald reagan takes a behind-the-scenes look at their administration. watch book tv every sunday on c-span2 and nd a full schedule on yourrogram guide or watch online anytime it book tv.org. >> washington journal continues. >> joining us now is the political analyst with wcco radio minneapolis, welcome to the program. guest: thanks for having me. host: you been covering governor tim walz for many years as a political analyst, can you tell us what you see as his political strengths and weaknesses as a vp candidate? guest: sure. you are seeing the best of tim walz on the national stage right now. a political communicator, he is very all shocks down to earth. and he really is a populist as well as being popular, he takes populist ideas from the legislature and then he celebrates them once they get past. his real strength is governor here. as far as weaknesses,

steven: this is a great question, because this is certainly what the nixon administration felt when it broke the big farm bill in the early 1970's. the secretary of agriculture at the time was famous for saying to farmers, get big or get out. he certainly believed and the nixon administration believed that the way forward for american agriculture was bigger, more efficient, larger equipment producing more yield per acre. and that has worked wonderfully. no question that has been a success. the flip of that, it seems, is to ask the question that many of people now have been doing, what does this mean about our american food system? what exactly are we producing? it is largely carbohydrates in the form of grain and corn and soybean, a form of protein but soybeans get used for a lot of other things too. plenty of people have really important critiques to make about a corn and soy dependent agricultural system. and that is before you even get to the environmental consequences of roundup and all sorts of things that get poured into the soil. so it is efficient in doing the things it is effi

of programming, focusing on the 37th president the watergate scandal the key players in the nixon administrationrograms include discussion on the judiciary committees impeachment investigation 12:45 p.m. eastern. at 3:30 p.m. eastern july 8, 1974 supreme court oral arguments in the case of united states versus nixon focusing on president nixon executive privilege at 6:30 p.m. eastern nixon's farewell to white house staff at 8:00 p.m. eastern president nixon regulation address to the nation and throughout the day see discussions on richard nixon's legacy historic newsreel footage and interviews with nixon administration staffers. those who served and worked in congress at the time. watch our special on the 50th anniversary of the resignation of pnt rhard nixon all day beginning saturday at 8:00 a.m. eastern on american history tv on cspan2. >> weekend on cspan2 are an intellectual feast. every saturday american history tv documents america's story. on sunday book tv brings you the latest in nonfiction books and authors. funding for cspan2 comes in cspan2 companiestelevision compe including charte

to start footage and interviews with nixon administration staffers and those who served and worked in congress at the time. watch our special on the 5 anniversary of the resignation of president richa nixon all day beginning saturday at 8:00 a.m. eastern on american history tv on-span2. >> the house will be in order. >> this year c-span celebrates 45 years of covering congress like no other. since 1979 we've been your primary source for capitol hill providing balanced unfiltered coverage of government taking you where the policy is debated and decided all with the support of america's cable company. c-span, 45 years and counting powered by cable. >> opinion columnist of the new york times and

you mentioned early on that the nixon administration was known for two things, but they accomplished so much. both domestically and with regard to foreign policy what was left on the table that was not accomplished because the second term was so inundated with watergate. well, i'm standing up here. and very honestly the person to answer that is in the first row, and that's larry higbee, but i me try. nixon had a plan underway to completely reorganize the federal government. he had a commission called the ash commission. they were going to come in and they were going to take that government apart and put it back together in a more logical way to run it and it was one of the great tragedies of watergate that they were not able to implement that plan. perfect. thanks to white center allegan over here. yeah. congratulations first on the book dwight and it takes me back when air force one left andrews 50 years ago. i actually left on a plane the night before from andrews air force base and frank. they're probably would have been some room on that plane for you. it was a c-141 cargo plane