so with behaviorism the idea with computing it was a gear have heard about norbert wiener? the very earliest computer scientists they first generation with those ideas were shortly thereafter with the only working computers for giant noisy things. and he did some interesting things. one thing he did to turn around the way was initially asked described at a three stage process. punching holes in a paper cape into the imagination of the day. then you put them through the machine than it does whatever it does and then it has another one and if you are lucky you get an answer and that is it. but norbert wiener said there is a completely different way to think of the same idea that the computer is on all the time. and then responding to the world. kind of like a thermometer but also can control the air conditioner in lucky cases. so instead what if we thought of a computer as a complicated thermometer with memory and algorithms? so he came up with a term for this connection cyberis from the greeks to navigate in this context the computer is navigating reality and then again it b

norbert michelle, your now recognized for five minutes. >> thank you. the views i express today are my own. they should not be construed as representing any official position of the heritage foundation. crypto currency has rapidly expanded since the introduction of bitcoin in 2008 and underlying technology, distributed database that allows digital assets to be transferred without a third party intermediary holds the potential to transform the financial industry. this innovation should be fostered, not smothered. my remarks today will provide four specific points relating to the use of crypto currencies, cash and other alternative forms of money. electronic means of payment has become more widespread as technology has changed. paper currency, cash, is still a widely used form of payment. the demise of cash has been widely and steadily predicted since at least the 1970s, yet remains a preferred method of payment for many people. federal reserve reports show that it's the most frequently used payment. it also remains the leading payment instrument for expe

when norbert wiener look at this in a completely different way to think about the same ideas which ister would be on all the time and sensing the world and be responding to the world like if the monitor also controlling a heater or like the kids with the air conditioner. but did what if we thought of a computer as a complicated barometer with memory and algorithms? he came up with a term of this conception it is called cybernetic cybercomes from greek to navigate so in this concept the computer is navigating reality to see where it has drifted and then take it back to where it wants it to go. so that is cybernetics. there is an amazing book that robert wrote probably in the late 40s but still date thing about networking in december early. one of the very earliest descriptions that ever existed what you have a computer watching a human being? and measures the towns that come out and what it looks and then provides a me the images without. could a heater -- a computer gradually start to control a person just like in mr. skinner's box box? couldn't that become the automated behaviorist?

norbert leo butz: this season we're going to get right into the nitty gritty, right away.ion packed. lisa q. wolfinger: in season 2, we definitely up the romance factor. we heighten old relationships. we spark some new loves.am hannah jes: there are love triangles. fere are romances thate. there are ones that spark and grow. mary elizabeth winstead: mary and jed are feeling very warm towards each other. they've been through a lot, so they're really bonded at this point. josh radnor: everything that a viewerha migh loved in season 1 is present in season 2 and more. jack falahee: the second sson is wild. annasophia robb: there is a lot of deception. i love playing a spy. jack falahee: it's in this gigantic overwhelming backdrop of violence and all these interesting characters coming in and out. das d zabel: the nucl the show in season 1 was very much the hospital. season 2, it's taking us that much closer to the battle. norbert leo butz: this season they're going to push that envelope a little bit,bert leo butz: this season they're going to in terms of really depicting the a

the international consortium of investigative journalists based in the us it worked alongside the norbert zongo cell for investigative journalism or sonos though in burkean a facile we've reported on the i.c.i. j.s work before and we've been tracking these particular investigations since february when the journalists involved first met to lay the groundwork what sets the west africa leaks apart from other i.c.i. j collaboration's is the media landscape the conditions in which the journalists work taking on powerful individuals institutions and a global financial system that secretive by design is difficult for any reporter in west africa that's just. beginning and one of this group of journalists greatest challenge was getting their readers their governments and in some cases even the media outlets they work for the care listening posts nick never had now in the making and breaking of the west africa leaks. west africa leaks is the largest of our collaboration of investigative reporters from across west africa the vision matters to me it really seems to be basically on their report that.

the international consortium of investigative journalists based in the us it worked alongside the norbert zongo cell for investigative journalism or sonos though in burke enough.

—— who brought norbert novichok to salisbury and how they did it?public reaction? salisbury and how they did it? what has been the public reaction7m there a lot of concern? there has been some concern. there has been a mixed reaction, to be honest. people we re mixed reaction, to be honest. people were concerned before this tragic contamination incident happened, but they were just getting back to normal with visits from the royal family, and they were reassured by the authorities that they didn't think there was any more novichok around, but it is a concern that more was found and parts like this are continuing to be searched. there isa are continuing to be searched. there is a general sense, to put it crudely, that people would just wish it would stop. that detectives would find the source and reassure them finally that no more novichok can be found. but we were told a couple of weeks ago that these cordons that are not just weeks ago that these cordons that are notjust here, but around the hospital dawn sturgess used to stay at, and iran charlie

the international consortium of investigative journalists based in the us it worked alongside the norbert zongo cell for investigative journalism or sonos zero in brooklyn a fast so we've reported on the i.c.i. j.s work before and we've been tracking these particular investigations since february when the journalists involved first met to lay the groundwork what sets the west africa leaks apart from other i.c. i j collaboration's is the media landscape the conditions in which the journalists work taking on powerful individuals institutions and a global financial system that secretive by design is difficult for any reporter in west africa that's just the beginning and one of this group of journalists greatest challenges was getting their readers their governments and in some cases even the media outlets they work for to care. listening posts make me your head now in the making and breaking of the west africa leaks. west africa is the largest of our collaboration of investigative reporters from across west africa the vision matters to me it really seems to be badly on there i have reported.

norbert michelle who is the director for data analysis at the heritage foundation where he studies and writes about that. michelle was a tenure professor. teaching finance, economics and statistics. with the trade policy. with the international trade and economics. he is a former head of the china division. the numerous collective volumes as well. and on china and india. the senior fellow. welcome back to the committee providing thought and policy. previously he was president and ceo. they received the masters in philosophy. from princeton university. with the oral presentation of the testimony. it will remain part of the record. you are not recognized for five minutes. you can just push the button there to turn on your mic. the convenience of electronic transfers has led to a decline worldwide for the use of cash. where they were transferring commercial bank deposits. they had been adopted by over 60% of the population. they had fallen below 2% by value. they are introducing their own faster payment systems. at the same time paypal and then mount and other private mobile payment platf

the international consortium of investigative journalists based in the us it worked alongside the norbert zongo cell for investigative journalism or sonos zero in burkean a fast so we've reported on the i.c.i. jay's work before and we've been tracking these particular investigations since february when the journalists involved first met to lay the groundwork what sets the west africa leaks apart from other i.c.i. j collaboration's is the media landscape the conditions in which the journalists work taking on powerful individuals institutions and the global financial system that secretive by design is difficult for any reporter in west africa that's just the beginning and one of this group of journalists greatest challenges was getting their readers their governments and in some cases even the media outlets they work for to care less. posts and ignore had now in the making and breaking of the west africa leaks. west africa leaks is the largest of our collaboration of investigative reporters from across west africa the vision matters to me it really seems to be based on their reporting. on.

the international consortium of investigative journalists based in the us it worked alongside the norbert zongo cell for investigative journalism or sonos. we've reported on the i.c.i. j.s work before and we've been tracking these particular investigations since february when the journalists involved first met to lay the groundwork what sets the west africa leaks apart from other i c i j collaboration's is the media landscape the conditions in which the journalists work taking on powerful individuals institutions and a global financial system that secretive by design is difficult for any reporter in west africa that's just the beginning and one of this group of journalists greatest challenges was getting their readers their governments and in some cases even the media outlets they work for to care for the listening posts make me your head now in the making and breaking of the west africa leaks. west africa is the largest collaboration of investigative reporters from across west africa division not there's any good reason seems to be back on their reporting. we have thirteen journalists ex