it was pretty clear they would prevail in north africa. it would be a couple of more months of difficult fighting before it came to pass. tunisia is not flat and the germans had occupied all the good observation points on the mountain top and knead difficult for the eighth army and the american army to advance through the passageway through the mountain. it was difficult, bloody fights. unfortunately both my uncle and jack lost their lives in the process. by may, germany had declared defeat in north africa and moved back to italy to get ready for the next round, so to speak. so in conclusion, then, i'd like to talk about the motivation of my uncle in going to war it was one of the subject that fascinated me as i began to learn about him and the four other americans. they didn't have to go when they went. but they believed it was the right thing to do. there were other reasons too. whichly leave to you, i hope you'll read the book and draw your own conclusion. they each had their own reason. i'll read what my uncle had to say. after he was

now i should probably get a little background on the war in north africa. historians when they talk about it the metaphors like a seesaw. a sort of war in the fall of 1940 the and journeys of grandeur to write in the streets of cairo to make a plea for cairo. they drove the i talions pretty far west into libya to bailout mazzoleni although they were not happy about that the famous tank commander along with a bunch of panthers and effectively drove the british back into egypt. now when the summer rolls around things quiet down and it's terribly hot and they would seize the two sides to begin, and then in the fall of 1941 there was again advanced by the british into libya in hopes of driving back the forces he turned around and pushed the british back again and all the way this time sort of disastrously all the way deep into egypt, deeper than they had ever been before. so, when the american soldiers arrived, the allies i should say and the axis forces were dug in and testing each other in a place which was about 60 miles west of alexandria close enough to al

so to get to north africa, which is where the british were at that point fighting each other, they had to go all the way around the bottom of 13,000 miles and it's crazy to think of it. almost everything but went to the battlefield -- they had to make this amazingly long journey that took a month. maybe more like six weeks. my uncle, i learned, had his own very passionate love affair while in cape town and they reached u.s. and egypt on september 3, 1942. i should probably give a little background on the war in africa. when historians talk about it can use metaphors like pendulum, it was this peculiar sort of rhythm of war that began in the fall of 1940. mussolini had visions of grandeur, he wanted to ride his streets down the roads of cairo and he decided to attack the british doing it. the british attacked back and drove the italians pretty far west into libya, at which point hitler realized that he really needed to bail out, although don't think he was happy about it. so he sent in or when ronald, along with a bunch of others and he effectively drove the british back into egypt. now

now, i should probably give a little background on the war in north africa. historians when they talk about it tend to use metaphors like seesaw, pendulum. it was this peculiar sort of rhythm of war that began in the fall of 1940. mussolini had visions of grandeur, i guess, wanted to ride his white stallion down the streets of cairo. he had trooped in libya when was an italian colony, and he decided to make a play for cairo, attack the british going east. the british attacked right back and went, drove the italians pretty far west into libya at which point hitler realized he really needed to bail out his pal, mussolini, although i don't think he was happy about it. so he sent in irwin rommel, the famous tank commander, along with a bunch of perhapsers, and he effectively drove the british back into egypt. now, when the summer rolls around, things would kind of quiet down. it was terribly hot, and the campaigning would sort of cease, the two sides would dig in, and then in the fall of 1941 there was again an advance by the british into libya in hopes of drivin

so across north africa beginning with egypt, i've asked our speakers to limit the remarks to roughly seven minutes in order to reserve plenty of time for your questions and answers. dr. anthony and the organizers as always have provided with a series of thought-provoking questions, and as with previous panels, question cards we available to you. so first, i'd like to call on karim who is a visiting professor, and served as a great egyptian diplomat with direct experience in egypt's diplomacy towards middle east regional security, arms control and nonproliferation issues. is also a veteran of the egyptian information and political military affairs office here in washington. so it offers a unique insight into the delicate relationship new leaders find themselves maneuvering in. mr. haggag, thank you. >> thank you, and i'd like to thank the council for this opportunity. it's a pleasure to be here with you today.

after all, we are confronting a number of challenges in the middle east and north africa. at some point, we must find ways to peacefully resolve the war in syria, the conflict between israel and the palestinians and to the destabilizing threat from iran. and every time and overtime, we also must address religious, economic and cultural differences that create tension and that are exploited by extremists. still, as our country emerges from a decade of large-scale conflict and confronts new fiscal constraints here at home, i frankly worry that our political system will prevent us from making the investments in diplomacy and development that we need to ensure we protect america's interests in these volatile regions of the world. these investments, unfortunately, lack a constituency in the congress at a time of great fiscal pressure. indeed, we face the prospect of budget sequestration. it would be devastating to national security not just because of what it does to our national defense, but also for what it does to these programs that support diplomacy and enhance our quality

and if you have to, across the mediterranean, keep fighting from north africa. and a big part of the reason was that the french fleet was a very, very large fleet, many battleships. it was the fourth largest navy in the world. and churchill was very worried that if france was conquered, then hitler would seize the french fleet. and the arithmetic was, if you put the german fleet, which was considerable, they had the bismarck coming along, together with italian fleet which was an ally of the germans and at a considerable in the mediterranean, if you can put that together with the french fleet which was the fourth largest fleet in the world, now you have a navy that was larger than the british fleet. and if that happened, it's game, set and match for britain. they could have controlled the sea lanes for the island. it was going to be over. so churchill implored them to keep fighting because he was worried about the french battleships. in disarray, very overwhelmingly conquered. and a certain element in france decided it was better to try to come to an agreement wi

after all, we are confront a number of challenges in the middle east and north africa. at submit point we must find ways to peacefully resolve the war in syria, the conflict between israel and the palestinians, and the destabilizing threat from iran and every time and overtime we also must address the religious, economic and cultural differences that create tension and that are exploited by extremists. still, as our country emerges from a decade of large-scale conflict and confronts new fiscal constraints at home, i, frankly, worry that our political system will prevent us from making the investments in diplomacy and development that we need to ensure we protect america's interests in these volatile regions of the world. these investments unfortunately lack a constituency in the congress at a time of great fiscal pressure. indeed, we face the process of budget sequestration that would be devastating to national security, not just because what have it does to our national defense, but also for what it does to these programs that support diplomacy and enhance our quality

festering for really decades independence in catalonia even hundreds of years egypt oppression north africa all these things are sort of bubbling to the surface now when there's opportunity because the global system is breaking down and that's sort of how i see it so in other words you basically have all these fissures that have been that have been percolating and just getting ready to explode and now now when people feel like they don't have as much to lose or they feel like there's that sort of opportunity to going out in the streets and trying to take what freedoms they feel have been held back from them in the past and how do you connect something like ben bernanke is monetary policy though to the protests in egypt or anti austerity protests in spain how do you really connect those dots well ok so so i think the reaction the panic reaction by bernanke and a lot of the central banks just create more and more money is has been a result again of sort of the collapsed. the system itself and then this is led to food prices food prices going up commodity prices going up as you know it was wel

troops to the sinai peninsula that's the territory in north africa that is surrounded by the suez canal in the west and israel on the east now this does follow eight days of violence between gaza and israel that left more than one hundred sixty palestinians in gaza dead more of half of whom were civilians and that includes thirty seven children now four civilians and two soldiers were also killed in israel just a little while ago a spokesman for the is israel's prime minister's office spoke to r.t. alex blames hamas for the deaths of all those civilians in gaza. these rule doesn't target civilians and if we heard civilians it's we see a failure in it but you have to understand that hamas militants from us terrorists the hide behind civilians the fire rockets on our civilians from schools from hospitals they hide the rockets in hospitals in schools we see that the fire rockets from apartments of buildings so if we do not want seaview and soon gaza to be hurt we call upon civilians and we do it before every strike we call upon civilians they will not be around the they will not let the te

. >> now, a discussion on the state of security forces and arab states in north africa, including libya, tunisia and egypt. the u.s. institute of peace post this to our discussion. >> good morning, everyone. i am steven heydemann, middle east initiative at the u.s. institute of peace and we are delighted to see you all here at today's session on security sector reform in the arab world. i think some of those who rsvp may have been scared away by the false rumor that you would be subjected to a political polling experience following the panel. that's not the case that you don't need to worry about that. were very pleased to have you out here with this morning. i would like to stress that our topic this morning i think is both particularly important, but also especially urgent. i don't think that it is an exaggeration to say that what happens with the security sectors in the arab world over the coming year or so, and by security service, i mean the police, the armed forces and most of all of course the very substantial intelligence apparatus is that exist in every arab country, that what

then after graduating from the university of california at berkeley, i traveled to north africa as peace corps engineer. i worked as an english teacher in morocco two years and quickly grew to love this part of the world. since joining the service i spent almost my entire career in middle east and africa. one of the things that impressed me were people old enough to have lived and traveled in the united states when we had closer relations. those days are back. we had 1,700 libyans apply for fullbright grants to study in the united states this year, more than any other country in the world. we know that libya is still recovering from an intense period of conflict. there are many courageous libyans who bear the scars of that battle. we are happy we have been able to treat some of your war wounded at u.s. hospitals. we look forward to building partnerships between american and libyan hospitals to help return libya's healthcare system to the extraordinary standards of excellence it once enjoyed. over my shoulder here you can see the u.s. capitol building. in that building 535 elected represe

. >> the desert tech project would see solar energy produced in north africa and exported to europe. according to a german newspaper, a treaty could be signed by early next year. the first solar farm would be built in morocco. >> could the saharan son soon be powering european cities -- the saharan sun? it could be home to a large new solar farm with the capacity of 150 megawatts. that is just one part of europe's vision to get renewable energy from africa. german-led consortium does it take wants to provide 50% of europe's energy by 2015, using wind and solar energy -- german- led consortium desert-tech. it is hoped that current negotiations could provide a breakthrough, paving the way for plants not only in morocco, but also tunisia, algeria, and other countries. the biggest question is funding. companies would take on around 200 million euros of the investment. another 400 million could come from national governments involved as well as eu funds. >> certainly an ambitious but impressive project. that is it for now. thanks for watching. >> do not forget, you can find more on our we

representative with the german institute for international and security affairs who specializes in north africa. what's your opinion about all of this? what are the chances of an international intervention? >> there is by now broad international and regional support for an intervention that would involve some form of african combat mission, including in northern mali. it looks likely it will happen within the next few months. what it will look like is unclear at the moment because some very important questions are yet to be answered, such as which countries will send troops and who will actually finance the operation. it looks most likely that it will be the european union. >> do you see any possibility of a negotiated solution to this dispute? can you even get the no. factions to the table right now? >> and exclusively negotiated solution, i do not think so. that's unrealistic, but in fact, behind the armed groups in the north, there is much more than just a small branch of extremists. there are influential local businessmen, tribal leaders who have joined these groups for tactical reasons, so

he's said to be connected to extremist groups in north africa.w remains in custody of his home country of tunisia. >>> the new york nanny accused of brutally killing the two children she had been carrying for has been charged with first- and second-degree murder. she stabbed the two with a kitchen knife at the family's upper west side apartment. she then tried to kill herself. the mother walked in on the gruesome scene and called the police. the nanny is recovering in a new york hospital from her self-in flikted wounds. >>> president obama picked up a key endorsement just two days before election day. [ male announcer ] what can you experience in a seat? inspiration. great power. iconic design. exhilarating performance. [ race announcer ] audi once again has created le mans history! [ male announcer ] and once in a great while... all of the above. take your seat in the incomparable audi a8. take advantage of exceptional values on the audi a8 during the season of audi event. ♪ i got your campbell's chunky soup. mom? who's mom? i'm the giants masco

temperatures in the summer rising almost 11 degrees here in the u.s., as well as the mediterranean, north africa and the middle east. now, all of this gives new urgency to the annual climate change conference opening today, looking at the goal of the global agreement to reduce greenhouse gases. >> there are already new coastlines here in the east. anne thompson, thank you for your reporting here tonight. >>> still, as we continue, what if it was your job to deliver on all the on-line orders placed today? after seeing tonight's story you may never look at your ups delivery person the same way ever again. >>> and later, did we just hear the first real hint of impatience from prince charles? the surprising comments from the man next in line to the throne. d>>> all this internet commerce we have been talking about tonight's all the people buying things on amazon, all of those purchases need to be delivered, of course to people where they live. that takes a lot of people, and those people need to know what they're doing. the biggest name in the business, ups, has a new way to train its army of delive

indeed, north africa office of a rich menu of interesting topics and questions to explore. to help us do that we're joined by impressive panel of experts and practitioners that you see before you. and they are all eager to share their experience and insight. they are bios are available to you i will keep introductions to a minimum. in general, we will proceed, i think, east to west. so across north africa beginning with egypt, i've asked our speakers to limit the remarks to roughly seven minutes in order to reserve plenty of time for your questions and answers. dr. anthony and the organizers as always have provided with a series of thought-provoking questions, and as with previous panels, question cards we available to you. so first, i'd like to call on karim who is a visiting professor, and served as a great egyptian diplomat with direct experience in egypt's diplomacy towards middle east regional security, arms control and nonproliferation issues. is also a veteran of the egyptian information and political military affairs office here in washington. so it offers a unique

the group aims to import 1/5 of europe's electricity from solar and wind parks in north africa and the middle east by 2050. the company says it will not renew its involvement at the end of the year. >> in germany, hearings have begun in the country's first case of a woman suing for compensation over faulty breast implants. >> the case is being closely watched because it could set a precedent for future claims. 5000 german women are known to have received implants from dubious manufacturers. >> she's exhausted after a four- hour hearing, but she still in the fight. >> people warned me not to file a complaint. should say -- this that i was crazy -- they said i was crazy. >> the mother of three has suffered chest pain and numbness since she received breast plants like these in 2007. she blames the french manufacturer for fitting them with sheep, industrial grades silicone. the boss is still awaiting trial, but the company itself has gone bankrupt, so she is also suing the german supplier of silicone and the german+ testing institute of the implants. she also is pointing a finger at her su

in eastern europe, central asia and north africa, infection rates are going up since public discussion of the issue is virtually nonexistent. high risk groups such as drug addicts are ostracized. aids remains a political issue. as long as governments around the world deny the disease and its causes, it will continue to spread. >> kenya is among the countries in africa that have experienced a dramatic fall in the number of deaths resulting from hiv/aids. >> a decade ago, the prevalence rate was close of 15%. it is now at about 6.5%, but that is still high by international standards, and that is not only what prevention wants to change, but treatment is also extremely important. >> here is one german company that is making a difference not only in kenya but all over africa. >> rowland has been to kenya many times, but this is his first visit to the slum in nairobi. around 90,000 people live here. medicine is scarce, and there are only 20 basic doctor surgery to treat those with hiv. is the head of the biotech company that does business with medical centers like this one. he knows how urg

expected to include recommendations for reforming the press one of those leaders top commanders in north africa has warned again. as foreign intervention in mali u.n. secretary general ban ki moon has backed an african union proposal for military action against islamised in the north the country the operation would say more than three thousand troops sent to the embattled region various groups some with links to al qaida have been fighting for control would offer a power vacuum was created when the army overthrew the government in march. that coming up after this break of the martins breaking the set. wealthy british style. spot on the. market why not come to. find out what's really happening to the global economy with mike's culture for a no holds barred look at the global financial headlines tune into a report on our. mission for accreditation free transport charges free. range month free. free studio time free. download free broadcast quality video for your media projects a free media dog r t dot com. the great russian laureates. prevailing over houses and asperity. to reenact an epic parade

while canada's top commanders in north africa has urged the people of mali to reject foreign intervention as a way of solving the country's conflict u.n. secretary general ban ki moon has backed an african union proposal for military action the operation would see more than three thousand troops sent to the embattled region various groups some with links to al qaida have been fighting for control in north mali for the past eight months after the army overthrew the government. a wide reaching report into u.k. media standards is to be published today and it fears it could give the green light for the timing of press regulations the much anticipated document follows a year long inquiry into phone hacking case against former tabloid paper or the news of the world which led to charges against high ranking politicians executives and journalists thirty court is expected to include recommendations for reforming the press. hundreds of protesters have gathered outside a court of what to say or is to demand justice as the trials of so-called death flight pilots are underway in argentina the pilots a

government that it's supposed to represent them the reasons of the same that led to uprisings in north africa and the middle east very often these public protests get distorted in the media and portrayed as a violation of public order that has to be suppressed and punished. staggering video footage of brutal police responses in many of these countries and they're the countries that take pride in their democratic system their freedom of speech and people's right to self-determination and money and yet they find it unacceptable that people went out onto the streets to fight for solutions to major issues basic issues like employment and social care that affect everyone. judging by your book and by what you're telling us right now you don't think that the situation in the world has changed but men. latin american leaders are convinced that we now live in a multi-polar world you don't see that. the multipolar world that we all want to see is not here yet but it's our aspiration rather than reality a number of countries not even the countries themselves but their governments their political elite s

international headlines now at least ten refugees who drowned in the mediterranean on their way from north africato italy the boat carrying eighty people was heading to the island of lampedusa a destination for thousands of migrants seeking refuge in europe reports indicate that more than fifteen hundred people died last year while trying to reach italy. a grenade attack on a church in kenya has killed one police officer wounding fourteen others mostly also security officers the country in the wider region and suffered a wave of similar deadly attacks in response to ten u.s. sending troops to neighboring somalia to battle al qaeda linked insurgents there in july eighteen people died in church attacks in the same town as sunday's assault. an eleven year old child is dead eighteen other people injured after a car bomb targeting a police vehicle exploded in turkey the blast topping your wedding celebration in the town of sendin really the surrounding region frequently hit by acts of violence carried out by the kurdistan workers party which is fighting for autonomy in turkey southeast no group has cl

mali, in north africa. they're all over libya. so it may interfere with that narrative. but, again, there's one other aspect we've covered in other times. they said they wanted to not give classified assessment of what happened because they didn't want to betray sources. well, if a classified assessment changed the classified assessment why would you keep that from the american people? >> schieffer: in other words, you're saying the unclassified version told one story, and the classified information told another story. it's not they were just withholding details. you're saying they gave two different stories. >> it certainly-- certainly-- without the mention-- the unclassified without the mention-- the mention of al qaeda. and we all know now that al qaeda-affillated groups were behind this and that it was not a spontaneous demonstration. so we really need to get through this. we need to work together for the sake of these families. but to tell the american people even on the 25th of september when it was well known, before the united nations, that a crude and disgusting

only the largest rivers in the world-- the nile in north africa, the niger in west africa, and the colorado in the united states-- persist as they flow through deserts. most rivers or streams flowing into a desert will sink into the soil and disappear or else collect in a pond or a salt lake. generally, desert streams disappear in deserts because of the high rate of evaporation and also because of the unconsolidated nature of the sand and sediment on the floor. a good example is the mojave desert in california, where there's only one stream-- the mojave river-- involved in the drainage pattern. it rises on the edge of the mojave in the san bernardino mountains, flows into the mojave, but mostly is underground. there's only three places where, in a normal year, it surfaces. in wet years, like 1969, '78, '80, and '83, it was above ground most of the way. in fact, it flowed over into soda lake and became an honest-to-goodness lake. although it plays the dominant role, running water isn't the only geologic agent shaping the desert landscape. most of the year, the desert surface is dry. this all

warns that the temperature increase will be felt the most along the equator in the mediterranean north africa and the middle east and parts of the united states is temperature increase will lead to scarcity of water and food resources and disruptions in biodiversity in fact that already is which could force mass migrations of people out of affected areas in fact that's already happened over one hundred million people at least rising temperatures will also reduce lead to rising sea levels which threaten cities in particular located in india mexico and vietnam as well as several african nations again according the world bank report. several small islands around the planet will likely be unable to sustain their populations by twenty one hundred as a result of our rapidly warming planet these threats caused by our relentless pushing a billions of tons of carbon dioxide into our atmosphere every day may well be the subject of a future ken burns type documentary how humans destroyed the planet in themselves in the twentieth and twenty first centuries that assumes though that the future burn style p

his top commanders in north africa has urged the people of mali to reject foreign intervention as a way of solving the country's conflict u.n. secretary general ban ki moon has backed an african union proposal for military action the operation would see more than three thousand troops sands to the embattled region various groups some with links to al qaida have been fighting for control in north of mali for the past eight months after the army overthrew the government. wide reaching reports into u.k. media standards is to be published today and it fears to give the go i have for the tightening of press regulations the much anticipated document follows a year log inquiry into phone hacking case against former tabloid paper the news of the world which led to charges against high ranking politicians executives and journalists the reports of specter to include recommendations for lawmakers and how to reform the industry. well max and stacey are here in just a few moments so stay with us for the kaiser report. science technology innovations of all the years. some elements from around russia

stories making headlines across the globe at least ten refugees in the mediterranean on our way from north africa to italy a boat carrying around eighty people was heading to the island of lampedusa a destination for thousands of migrants seeking refuge in europe reports indicate more than fifteen hundred people died last year while trying to reach italy. who needed to run a kenyan church has killed one police officer and wounded fourteen others mostly security officers because in the wider region have suffered a wave of similar deadly attacks in response to kenya sending troops to neighboring somalia to battle al qaida linked insurgents there in july eighteen people died in church attacks in the same town as sunday's assault. and eleven year old child is dead and eighteen others injured after a bomb targeting a police vehicle exploded in turkey's sendin lee district the area is frequently hit by acts of violence carried out by the kurdistan workers party which is fighting for tanami in the country southeast no group has yet claimed responsibility for the attack. coming up examining cases of brid

making international news at least ten refugees drought in the mediterranean sea on their way from north africa to italy the boat carrying around eighty people was on its way to the island of lampedusa off the italian coast a destination for thousands of migrants seeking refuge in europe reports indicate that more than fifteen hundred people died last year while trying to reach italy. a grenade attack on a kenyan church has killed one policeman and wounded fourteen others. mostly security officers the country and the wider region have suffered a wave of similar deadly attacks in response to kenya were sending troops to neutering somalia to battle al qaeda linked in the surgeons there in july eighteen people died in church attacks in the same town as sunday's assault. and coming up a closer look at the roots of the occupy movement that's after a short break stay with us here on our team. download the official publication so for choose your language stream quality and enjoy your favorites. t.v. is not required to watch on t.v. all you need is your mobile device to watch r.t. any time of the. weal

international news in brief at least ten refugees drowned in the mediterranean are on their way from north africa to italy the boat carrying around eighty people was heading to the island of lampedusa a dead. nation of thousands of migrants seeking refuge in europe reports indicate more than fifteen hundred people died last year while trying to reach italy. these many kenyan churches killed one police officer and wounded fourteen others the country and the wider region of suffered a wave of similar deadly attacks in response to kenya's seventy two new somalia. linked insurgents there in july eighteen people died in church attacks in the same town this sunday's assault. and eleven year old child is dead and eighteen others injured after a bomb targeting a police vehicle exploded in turkey's seven deadly district the areas frequently hit by acts of violence carried out by the kurdistan workers party which is fighting for autonomy in the country's south east no group has yet claimed responsibility for the attack. and some of russia's most radical political groups were out in force sunday from diehar

as top commanders in north africa has urged the people of mali to reject foreign intervention as a way of solving the country's conflict u.n. secretary general ban ki moon is bad in african union proposals for a military operation the plans would see more than three thousand troops and to the embattled region various groups some with links to al qaida have been fighting for control in north of mali for the past eight months after the army overthrew the government. and coming up after a short break it's breaking the sense here on r.t. . it's perched atop a joy. and the view from the kremlin stretches you. can see. all of siberia for centuries. it lost its economic importance even before it was bypassed by the chance i bear in railway but the ball's cremains a spiritual center. things like these are a yearly occurrence thousands of orthodox worshippers did themselves and blessid water to commemorate the baptismal jesus. when you pull up on board the it doesn't matter if it's minus thirty it's a siberian tradition i do it myself every year for everyone to overcome their worst fears it is