by that time, as you'll see, their colonies in north america and their forces in north america were already joined in conflict. to understand the french and indian wars it's traditionally called american u.s. history and also the seven years war. one has to put it in the a very broad perspective of north american history and even european history, of course. looking beyond europe and france and britain in various corners of the globe. the war would be fought in north america where it began. it was joined in europe on large scale and involved nations such as russia, austria, prussia, as well as france and britain. toward the end of the war, spain would join on the side of france complicating the matter still. today, our focus will mainly be on the conflict in north america. of course, that was the land of native people and of many distinct indian people and their land, their present, their future. all of those were at stake. every bit, if not more so than for the european empires contesting for power abroad and the french and british colonyists. really to understand the war, we look at the i

french and indian war occur or the seven years war in north america. the british, of course, will call this the french and indian war. the name as we'll see in today's lecture can be a little misleading because not all indian peoples by any means sided with the french. indian peoples shifted in loyalty. some were more neutral at the beginning of the conflict. others joined the french. others had a wait and see attitude. some would change sides during the war. so native peoples belonged to particular groups. we have to think of them as iroquois and even within the iroquois of the various nations within that native confederacy. let's say the mohawks as compared to the senecas, and, of course, you have to do the same with the other native groups, shawnees, delawares, potawatomies, miamis, many, many others, and we'll talk about some of those today. so the name french and indian war can be used to indicate the seven years war north america, but it's very important to remember that it doesn't really mean that all the natives by any means are simply on the f

he sent them to north america. the war in europe was massive and involved many nations, which the fighting in the caribbean was tremendously important and pitt was very keen on expanding the british empire there. and did -- and of course, the british with their naval might made significant conquests in the caribbean and ultimately, threw the appointment of am dhurst and wolf, the british gained the upper hand and their maritime superior or the, there are superior or the on the sea was practically as important as their might on land. of course they controlled the atlantic and the supply routes to canada. so next time when we continue, we'll see how that helps determine the outcome of the war. thank you very much. >>> every weekend on c-span3, american history tv. 48 hours of people and events telling the american story. coming up next we learn more about the rich history of baton rouge, louisiana, 1 of 8 southeastern cities we toured last year. >>> the lock is actually the crown jewel of plaquemine. the lock was a b

troops totallying nearly 2,000 men to north america to join in the conflict there even though britain and france rp not yet at war in europe. the british government is thinking that north america is sufficiently important that we have to stop the french possession. we cannot tolerate that. the man woho was appointed the head was a veteran general. general edward braddock. here we see a portrait. braddock entered the seen very confident. thinking his regulars would carry the day, and not only he thought take fort dusquene and thought march on ward to niagra and other points. no doubt he was overconfident. >> he landed, where did his troops first come. they came to virginia and then moved into maryland, and then northwest ward for fort dusquene. accompanying him were virginia militia men. george washington was at the head of the virginia militia assisting general braddock. we have british colonials working with the british commander. branddock didn't find everything easily. it took benjamin franklin's intervention to help prokoour wagons and horses for the british army. franklin acted a

lawrence river and the interior of north america, the key ones are by water. it's much easier to travel over water than land. and lake champlain leads southward to the hudson river valley. the land between, really, the colony of new york and then eastward is new england. so it's very vital region. this shows us where the fort -- french built a fort in the 1730s. that they ca the british would later call this point -- they already called the poin and later when they took it over, they built a fort there that would be called crown point. this is on lake champlain. and then in the region between lake champlain and lake george to the south on the narrow passageway, the french built a fort in an area the natives call ticonderoga, between the waters, it meant. the british adopted the name ticonderoga. but first the forts here were built by the french. let's go on in the talk. now, here you see a modern view of the fort is reconstructed and reconstructed beautifully and how it is on this waterway that is southward to north between the st. lawrence and the hudson rive

and, of course, it's something a a north america in general. you can't really separate, you see, the history oe colonies that later become the united states from the history of north america in general, let's say, of canada, any more than the caribbean or mexico. now, where did they go? first of all, remarkable that the british gathered some 7,000 men, women and children in 1755 with the new england men, troops, being the heart of the british effort. 7,000 were gathered that year. three years later, another 3,100 were captured. so the total was 10,000, basically. 10,000 were expelled. how many remained? perhaps 3,000, 4,000 remained. they fled into the woods. they fled to quebec. they fled to other areas nearby. many had first fled to what is today prince edward island. but when the british took that over in 1758, they deported the 3,000 refugees there, even though they were in miserable conditions, those poor people. what was the british policy here? to deport the acadians not to french canada where they might add to the strength of that colon

in north america the chain of transport is completely unprotected and open no one has ever thought of the idea of transporting and storing genetically modified grain separately no it is too late. it's very difficult to segregate the grain chroma regular grain and today they call her brain because you have contamination from the pit from the elevation from the trucks. general holland so it would be impossible to keep it separate so there's always be a small percentage of each or percent each that would make should gather and sold would not be g.m.o. free. thus the borders are open for the export of genetically contaminated grain and also seed into the whole world. if you introduce g.m.o. foods there is no such thing as coexistence and after several years it all becomes . i have also heard in europe the company saying that all the farmer has to do is leave a buffer strip fifty meters one hundred meters there is no safe distance it doesn't matter if it's fifty kilometers it will spread. so if you introduce g m o's it all becomes mo's after several years and to give you an example how bad

up next, with mark reuss, president of gm north america. after this we go to the state department for a town hall meeting with secretary of state hillary clinton. then a discussion on unemployment among veterans from the wars in iraq and afghanistan. then later, a discussion from the u.s. conference of mayors on reintegrating combat veterans into civilian society. >> joining us is the president of gm north america, that is mark reuss on your screen. mr. reuss, thank you for being on the washington journal and taking calls from our viewers this morning. >> hi, peter, great to be here. number one, are we going to talk about vegetable oil and bonneville speed racing? that is really one of my -- i don't know if you have ever been to bonneville, but it's spiritual, so great to see them doing that. >> i thought we'd talk to you about what the company is like and the -- and the chevy volt and some of the public policy issues that gm is currently facing. mr. reuss, how has your company changed since the bailout in 2009? >> i think the most importan

world welcomes twenty twelve with fireworks celebrations and toast as the holiday sweeps the globe north america was the latest to greet the new year as hundreds of thousands packed new york's times square for the symbolic ball dropping at midnight. well twenty eleven it was a packed year for news earlier my colleague kevin no one spoke to russia's ambassador to the u.n. to tell you who shared his thoughts about tackling the world's divisive troubles. the un security council rejected russia's proposal to investigate civilian deaths from nato strikes in libya what are members avoiding or just simply a case the ongoing conflicts that are more important. well you know first of all it was not rejected the fact of the matter is that a number of security council delegations including the russian delegation raise the need to have some clarity about civilian casualties as a result of nato bombings because for months we heard from made from nato that they are adopting all those measures in order to make sure that there cannot possibly be any civilian casualties and then we had on december eighteenth of t

the world welcomes twenty twelve by war celebrations and the holiday sweeps the globe north america is next in line hundreds of thousands have packed new york's times square. dropping at midnight. and other news this week fresh clashes flare up in syria with dozens reported killed despite the. arab league observers mission there while these stories rebels are taking their revolution to president abbas its doorstep. and president obama slaps new sanctions on iran over its atomic ambitions despised iran saying it's ready for fresh dogs the relations between the u.s. and iran reached a dangerous point this week as to iran threaten to close off a key oil supply route in the persian gulf. as the top stories here in sports next. hello there thanks for watching the sport and these are the headlines policy papers lowly black manchester united three two at old trafford on third seventieth day. while foster more stall on breaker olenka turned his back on the n.b.a. to stay with his hometown club here to moscow. and it rushes mixed martial arts king you me and then you care for always cheat a cha

. >> if we have enough farmland, we can supply the mcdonnell to all of north america. mcdonald's to all of north america. >> during the peak of amazon deforestation, a new player had emerged. this -- new strains of tropical soya, some of the most efficient enterprises on the planet. they were growing fast quantities of -- vast quantities of soya. some farmers were illegally clearing land. >> you can see soy on many of farms we are -- flying over. >> the idea was to rid crowd -- recruit a power of the world's consumers to persuade the soy industry to change its ways. it the threat of losing key markets abroad proved persuasive. in the thousand six, the traders agreed to a moratorium, guaranteeing day -- in the thousand six, the traders agree to a moratorium a-- 2006, the traders agree to a moratorium. this combination of different pressures, approved monitoring and enforcement by the brazilian government, and a change of attitude among amazonian farmers have come together to remarkable effect. the loggers did come back. here is one of them. the helicopter is coming back

i mean that they mean having critical success in their own country and then getting to north america where the money is and so the question is he would get films to north america because i don't think europeans care that much about watching other european films well it's like with ice hockey everyone everywhere you go there you better than the n.h.l. they didn't care because even sally is going to mean they're going to be what i want to be the atlanta braves i learned that's unfortunate they haven't done me believe and i'd like your all over the world been lecturing a great deal in south america these people love us they go to films constantly why aren't russians trying to get their films into the south america is the interesting thing when the russians including me sometimes watch contemporary movies they say the soviet movies would bet ten give us back the old seven and some people like my dad they think there was censorship in communist times they would do would let the direct to do whatever you want and they they watched what you did and the movies are better do you think this wi

when you say the world i just had this discussion just the moment that it was what you mean is north america europe no you don't mean that because he is if if russian filmmakers were really concerned about getting their films to italy to spain to germany's current president sally in the end date and and they would be played in these and these cinemas all over europe or asia or australia but when people talk about getting films into the world they don't mean that they mean having critical success in their own country and they get into north america where the money is and so the question is can we get films to north america because i don't think europeans care that much about watching other european films well it's not like with ice hockey everyone everywhere you go there you better than the n.h.l. didn't care because even sally is already i mean they want to be they want to well want to be the atlanta braves and that's unfortunate and condemnable you know and i like your all over the world been lecturing a great deal in south america these people love us they go to films constantly why aren't

. >> if we have enough farmland, we can supply the mcdonnell to all of north america. mcdonald's to all of north america. >> during the peak of amazon deforestation, a new player had emerged. this -- new strains of tropical soya, some of the most efficient enterprises on the planet. they were growing fast quantities of -- vast quantities of soya. some farmers were illegally clearing land. >> you can see soy on many of farms we are -- flying over. >> the idea was to rid crowd -- recruit a power of the world's consumers to persuade the soy industry to change its ways. it seems to work. the threat of losing key markets abroad proved persuasive. in the thousand six, the traders agreed to a moratorium, guaranteeing day -- in the thousand six, the traders agree to a moratorium a-- 2006, the traders agree to a moratorium. this combination of different pressures, approved monitoring and enforcement by the brazilian government, and a change of attitude among amazonian farmers have come together to remarkable effect. the loggers did come back. here is one of them. the helicopter

it remains great for us. >> last call for mark reuss, president of gm north america. mansfield. tracy? >> caller: good morning. i would like to congratulate you for the thrift of the t.a.r.p. money which the financial sector cannot claim. my question is about the bailout of the battery technology which gm owned 51% of its stock in. and which chevron subsequently sequestered from the automotive market, forcing companies like coda and tesla to use either foreign batteries or in the case of tesla, thousands of penlight batteries for their technology. how -- how is this technology going to become not in no longer sequestered and bring down the price of the electric car? >> well, we have a partner in lg i think you're speaking of, and then we've got other partners that are new venture that we've invested in as the business i mentioned with john loughner. we've got sort of a broad portfolio of battery technology usage in gm. and i would also like to add that the rest of the industry uses lg, lg kim battery cells, a-123. there is a whole host of people that are in it. so we're getting

we have continued with this mild winter in north america and in europe.he exact opposite is what we had last year which is weaker polar winds. that allowed for the arctic air masses to spill on in. you had the significant amounts of snow again in the uk. we cannot predict these oscillations but we can tell you when they're happening. europe, beginning to see some changes here. we are snowing here so some changes in europe as opposed to north america. i think we'll be looking much better. as you know, the alpine region here has been getting snowed on the last few weeks. certainly some good news there in europe but not so much in the western u.s. nina? >>> ivan, as always, many thanks for that. andrew? >>> nina, i don't know what ivan was up to yesterday and i don't want to know to be honest. sunday was pants free metro ride day. that's right. on subway systems around the world commuters stripped to their underwear in an annual prank that began in new york city a decade ago. if you're wondering why, organizers say it was just a bit of fun. doesn't look like

if you're expecting to fly in an airplane from north america to china tonight over the north pole, sorryur flight is going a different way, you're going to be late getting there. >> this is the largest solar storm since 2003. sunday's massive blast spewed a vast cloud of protons and electrons toward earth at 4 million miles per hour. so fax the technological impact has been minimal. the visual impact, well, take a look. from north america to norway, a spectacular show, also known as the northern lights. illuminate the nights sky. tonight they may be seen as far south as michigan, montana, and maine and even further south. in a galexy not so far away. elizabeth cook, cbs 5. >>> i think we're taking over the world, to be honest. >> wal-mart made a threat the cities couldn't afford to ignore and it worked. the new kind of stores opening in the bay area. >> big changes taking flight. how airlines are now being forced to make flying more friendly for travelers. >> jfk's last secret tapes revealed. the spooky exchange three : the last of jfk's secret recordings from the oval office have just b

world welcomes twenty twelve with my work celebrations and toast as a holiday sweeps the globe north america was away used to greet the new year as hundreds of thousands packed new york's times square for the symbolic ball dropping at midnight. well next r.t. takes you on an exciting trip to parts of siberia few people have been before. eastern cyan is one of siberia's least explored areas. it's the geographical center of asia the mountain ridge of eastern cyan stretches for one thousand kilometers from east to west. secluded need the russian mongolian border south siberia is nature remains pristine and untouched by man. for tourists who braving the nature of the plan is to run snowmobiles for hundreds of kilometers to find a valley studded with hot springs civilizations yet to spread as far as the valley . be and they know is that it's surrounded by steep rocks dense forests and pokes. that can be reached only in winter riding in the frozen rivers and lakes. it's not the first time the participants of this expedition travelled together. each person has a track record of thousands of kilomet

welcomes twenty twelve was the final word celebrations and tose as the holiday sweeps the globe north america next to bring in the new year. in other news fresh clashes flare up in syria with dozens reported killed despite the arab league observers mission there while levy as a tourist rebels are taking their revolution to president ossets doorstep. and president obama slaps new sanctions on iran over its tonic ambitions mr brown threatens to close off a key well supply route in the persian gulf. have any new year to you wherever you are you watching r t live from moscow i'm marina joshie welcome to the program now the world is welcoming twenty twelve with mass celebrations and final works all over the globe south america has already seen twenty eleven off while north america next in line with huge festivities to be held along the east coast first hundreds of thousands of packed new york's times square for a symbolic ball dropping at midnight this trail you was among the first countries to open those doors to the new year with glittering fireworks lightning the skies over sydney harbor. japan

in all of north america there are hundreds of farmers under the same threat as percy schmeiser only a few of them have had the courage to come foula to talk about. david runnion from indiana is one of the few that is standing up to months on but even he took half a year before going public with his story and santa as investigators arrived on my farm it was probably seven thirty at night pm they. did not identify themselves i really did not know who they were until about three days later. i was informed from a local feed mill where i have my seed cleaned every year after twenty years and they inform me that that's who they were that they were investigators for monsanto and investigating me for patent infringement. all they will i want to know all the investigators was what kind of beans i grow kind of wheat do i grow what kind of corn do i grow and the herbicides i use and also whom do i sell my products to they wanted name and phone numbers. and at that point i refused to cooperate and i ended the conversation. so anyone they investigate they will definitely find will have someplace a

let's go now to north america. many of you again seeing a fine and uncomplicated day weatherwise across the belly of the united states. we do have a pacific system here. this one probably bring some heavy rain to the coast. inland areas maybe seeing some freezing rain, mountain snow. what you'll certainly moats is going to be the wind. gusts up to 100 kilometres per hour with this system. down here to the south we've got another couple of things going on. anywhere from eastern texas up through the mid-atlantic you've got rain, thunderstorms. it's going to be most severe for the gulf states. and then to the west of that system we're talking about new mexico as well as western texas you're going to be seeing some significant snow. maybe ten to 20 centimeters. 20 centimeters in some places. as for the system up here in eastern canada that's going to be some widespread snow showers through ontario and quebec. fairly warm day for you in toronto at 5 degrees. 6 in new york city. the warmth continuing winnipeg as well. fa