chapter 1 we talk about the fact that there were no cows on the land that we know of as north america until colonialism. the kind of heavy meat eating dairy diet that we know now is the result of colonialism. colonial attitude. written explained the success over cultures by saying that they ate meat and the cultures ate rice. there was a belief that one reason the chinese did not have lyric poetry is that they did not drink dairy milk. there is a deep history of colonialism and the imposition of meat on nondominant and colonized people. in mesoamerica, very little meat was eaten. some meet. but -- some meat. when you look at native americans, many of them lived in cities. one of the first things colonialists did was they destroyed the city.so we have this method of native americans hunting all the time but the cities were destroyed. the tradition of eating this amount of meat is from the upper class and the aristocracy and the royalty of europe. it has been imposed. and there are some wonderful books. there is several mexican books. we cite them in "protest kitchen". in terms of food and veganism, you

until 1912. >> the oldest permanently settled european colony in north america. >> there is another reason for that. really took a long time for people to understand what the value was of certain parts of the extremely dry west. if you cannot find it, what value did it have? maybe mining. if it did not have good mining, what value did it have? it took many years later like the environmental movement and great painters and great photographers for us to finally recognize that the west was truly magical and truly beautiful. and truly valuable in other senses besides economic. >> just to cover something that virginia said. the 1832 state of virginia emancipation debate. there is something that intrigues me about this period of history as compared to decades later. how relatively fluid and still may be malleable, maybe there is potential, i think there is a difference between when someone has not been faced with the question. and maybe that person has assumptions which will probably lead him to do wrong. we studied the future and you made the wrong decision but he has not been asked the question it

until 1912. >> the oldest settled north american colony in north america. >> there is another reason because it took a long time for people to understand what the value was of certain parts of the extremely dry west was. if you cannot farm it what value does it have? maybe mining, if it did not have good mining what value did it have? it took many years for the environmental movement and painters and photographers to finally recognize that the west was truly magical and truly beautiful. and valuable in other senses besides economic. >> one thing that the state of virginia and the emancipation debate did. there is something that intrigues me about this period of history compared to decades of two or three later with how relatively fluid and still may be malleable and maybe there is potential there and i think there is a difference between when someone has not been faced with the question, maybe we know they have assumptions which will probably lead somewhere. we stare at the future and he did make the wrong decision but he has not been asked the question it is just a assumption and he has not fa