the ninth nation was north korea. they probably started seriously with kim jong-il succession to power in 1994. the first shot october 2006. it was a fizzle but what they told the chinese and what we have learned is the design yield was not 20 kilotons a big fat man but the design yield was only four callow tons -- kilotons hopefully to be missile compatible and light weight. the north korea and tested again in the me 2009 they have to kilotons. a problem with north korea is not just that they are a nuclear state but pumping technology and materials to all of the other guys that we were about. pakistan and north korea is a fountain of nuclear weapons technology. so that is the short history. what lessons did we learn? in my opinion there is a very significant nuclear event in the western world during this president's term. nuclear weapons we have not spent time talking about them but i have seen them go off i have designed them. it is a release of energy that is incomprehensible and damage and destruction even a very

north korea. you can read what i have to say about north korea in the paper.think my encounter with the beltway consensus on north korea, a bipartisan one over the last 20 years, has been that the images people have and the assumptions they make about north korea get in the way of figuring out a policy that actually might have an impact on that regime. i mean, on any gin day it looks like an opera boof of communism that you can't possibly take seriously, but my research and my career has taught me that you underestimate the north koreans at your peril. that happened when mcartsdzyur said he could turn back the north koreans with one hand tied behind his back. a month later he was saying better art tillry and service than the japanese did in world war ii. it starts from there and just goes on. but if you have an independent army of over 1 million men, you have a garrison state dug into some 15,000 underground national security chambers or facilities afone type or another, and a leadership that believes that both the sovedwrets and the chinese have screwed them

talks so far, given everything that's happened do you sense a strategic decision on the part of north koreato give up its nuclear weapons use even as you're talking to the north koreans the last few days we heard about a ship that was coming from north korea possibly downed for iran with weapons shows there's still proliferating a good chance any way and that doesn't really indicate a strategic importance. on the other hand we just heard about some business executives in north korea. they do seem to want to bring open themselves up. but in the idea of giving up the nuclear weapons they don't seem to have made that strategic decision. i was just wondering why you think about that. >> i think it will require a strategic decision. and i am not party to their strategic decision making process i think our task as we move forward is to try to inform that process in such a way they come to conclude they are able to give up their nuclear weapons and guide them through discussions, through dialogue guide them to the right decisions. but i am unable to say whether they have made the strategic decisio

north korea nfirmed today it s detained an arizona man fo illegally tering the country. family members identifd the man as 28-ar-old christian missionary robt park. supporters said he cssed from china into north korea o christmas day, uing the release of pitical prisoners. the state news agency sa today he is beininvestigated for illegal entry. on wall street today stos broke a day winning streak. the dow jones industrialverage lost more an a point to close at0,545. the nasdaqell more than 2 points to closat 2288. those are so of the day's main stories. ll be back at the end of the program with a preew of what you'll find tonit on the newshour website. but for now ck to gwen. >> ill: and still to come on the newsur: the nigerian man who tried to blow up a us pne and his links to yemen; raising healthier, bter educat children in mexico; and helpor the mentally ill in india. but fit: striking the right balance tween security and sacrifice: the costs of preventing the next atck. for that, we turn toary schiavo, forr inspector genel of the department of transporation. she's

i don't know that north korea has ever shifted policy because of a domestic situation.his policy a little bit more time. it maybe that the united states can't reach nuclear agreements with north korea and iran. but it may be there will be changes in the country to make it easier to live with them. host: as part of this process, it is war council as you wrote about levin of michigan, reed of rhode island and john kerry of massachusetts and kerry phroeting the idea of visiting -- float being ting the idea vi tehran and saying this is the type of think that he should undertake. guest: john kerry has become, along with levin and reed, at least within the senate one of the obama administration's sort of top wise men if you will. that isn't to say that he doesn't have others in other branches of the government. but on the hill these three are considered at least by obama to be people that he should listen to. if you will remember, when he was a candidate he/@@Á@ @ @ @ @r terry has done other work for the administration before and is very much in tune with obama's policy. he d

a fully staffed j-pac will allow operation to remain to be conducted in north korea and south korea, not an either/or situation. currently j-pac defines this situation as they continue serious lack of personnel with a meaningful study of their own. to make a statement -- the president of the korea family regarding a meeting with admiral crist in 2008 in hawaii accompanied by four members of the organization with johnny webb in attendance. the most important issue to discuss was the moving to the j-pac main land. when this issue was raised she said she was doing this study but in actuality four months later it was found she was not doing the study. it was never explained or apologized and is this any way to run a business? >> i appreciate that and your whole statement is in the record. >> chairwoman davis and distinguished members of the house armed services subcommittee for military personnel, thank you for having this thing today and for being the voice of many family members, organization represents. family members and friends and colleagues share one thing in common. we wait for t

north korea has not backed down and israelis and palestinians are upset with him because he told thesraelis not to build any more settlements. not to expand them. >> larry: i asked a simple question, got an involved answer. >> a d. >> larry: a d, okay. sounded like it would be a c based on the a in there, but professor reich -- >> depends how much weight you give the a. >> larry: the only man who grades papers might have a thought. what would you give him? >> i've been doing it all day, larry. in terms of aspiration and goals and ideals i would give him an a. in terms of effort, just a sheer brute, getting in there and trying, the administration i give an a minus maybe an a in terms of deliverables, what they've done so far, i have to be a much harsher grader, b minus at best. i'm worried mostly about the economy. i think that there is no reason for the obama administration to claim that we're out of the woods. most americans don't believe it. >> larry: and s.e., your grade? >> it's almost christmas. i'm going to be charitable and give him a d minus. >> larry: that's charitable? >> y

north korea. you can read what i have to say about north korea in the paper.counter with the beltway consensus on north korea, a bipartisan one over the last 20 years, has been that the images people have and the assumptions they make about north korea get in the way of figuring out a policy that actually might have an impact on that regime. i mean, on any gin day it looks like an opera boof of communism that you can't possibly take seriously, but my research and my career has taught me that you underestimate the north koreans at your peril. that happened when mcartsdzyur said he could turn back the north koreans with one hand tied behind his back. a month later he was saying better art tillry and service than the japanese did in world war ii. it starts from there and just goes on. but if you have an independent army of over 1 million men, you have a garrison state dug into some 15,000 underground national security chambers or facilities afone type or another, and a leadership that believes that both the sovedwrets and the chinese have screwed them in recent y

north korea with nuclear weapons is a scary thought. >> larry: we thank barney frank, ron paul, tanyacker and, as always, ben stein. >>> african merps helped president obama get elected. how do they feel about him now? that's next. tightness in my chest came back- i knew i had to see my doctor. he told me i had choices in controller medicines. we chose symbicort. symbicort starts to improve my lung function within 15 minutes. that's important to me because i know the two medicines in symbicort are beginning to treat my symptoms and helping me take control of my asthma. and that makes symbicort a good choice for me. symbicort will not replace a rescue inhaler for sudden symptoms. and should not be taken more than twice a day. symbicort contains formoterol. medicines like formoterol may increase the chance of asthma-related death. so, it is not for people whose asthma is well controlled on other asthma medicines. see your doctor if your asthma does not improve or gets worse. i know symbicort won't replace a rescue inhaler. within 15 minutes symbicort starts to improve my lung function a

we have the problems of the mideast east process and the difficulties in iraq and north korea and afghanistan. and we need a strong president and we need a congress which has the courage to act, the tenacity and willingness to face tough problems. and we need to show the american people that it's not all gridlock here. that it's not all desperate desolate partisan politics. so my vote will be in favor of the bill, although i am frankly disappointed that i share the frustration expressed by many people who say go back and start again. and this is a significant step forward. we have a great chance to improve it and conference and beyond that there'll be another caucus with an analogy of civil rights legislation we can get the public option and get to a greater public governmental involvement but for the betterment of the american people. i think the chairman and yield the floor. >> pennsylvania senator bob casey said he will continue to negotiate with nebraska democrat ben nelson on abortion language for the senate health care bills. those remarks came during a news conference on the 2010 defen

north korea. and you can read what i have to say about north korea in the paper. i think my encounters with the beltway consensus on north korea, bipartisan won over the last 20 years, has been in that the images people have and the assumptions they make about number three again in the way of figuring out a policy that actually might have an impact on that regime. it on any given day in los like communism you can't take seriously. my research in my career has taught me that to underestimate the north koreans at your peril. that happen when douglas mccarthy said he had turned back the north koreans with one hand tied behind his back a couple days after the war began in 1950 in a month later he said they have better artillery and service, tang formations and the japanese did in world war ii. it just goes on, but if you have an independent army of over a million men you have a garrison state dug into some 15,000 underground national security chambers or facilities of one type of another, and a leadership that believes that both the soviets and the chinese have screwe

it would be hard to deny that north korea is economically much more than south korea, but the leader kim jong-il is to empower. the regimes which are very much poorer than those of communist states of eastern europe, such as zaire under motegi, managed to keep going for decades longer than they deserve to. and without having such a system of rewards and sanctions, and surveillance as was available to communist authorities. over the long-term, it is true that market economies with all problems turned out to be more efficient than the command economies of communist days. but if we consider the long term for the regime change was not only the relative failures of commonest states, that were to be their undoing, some of their successors also contributed to the fall of communism. education for example was a success story. but the more educated people were, and especially the larger the higher education sector began, the more dissatisfied they work with the censorship, and the more dissatisfied they were with their lack of opportunity to travel abroad in the same way as their professional

june, he has served as the coordinator for the implementation of the united nations resolutions on north korea. earlier in his career, he served in bogota columbia and south africa. a particular note is his being declared persona nongrata by bolivia president in september of 2008. the committee has looked at this but members may have a few questions but it's pretty clear to me that ambassador goldberg had no blame in this matter. ms. wagner by contrast is an intelligence professional beginning as a army signet officer and rising to the level of captain. after three years on the house intelligence committee, ms. wagner joined the senior ranks of the dia before becoming director of intelligence community management staff and subsequently the assistant deputy dni and chief financial officer. she returned to the house intelligence committee as budget director and is now a faculty member of the intelligence and security academy llc. she's being nominated to head the office of intelligence and analysis at the department of homeland security, which unlike inr is a young intelligence organization and

i don't know that north korea has ever shifted policy because of a domestic situation.agreements with north korea and iran. but it may be there will be changes in the country to make it easier to live with them. host: as part of this process, it is war council as you wrote about levin of michigan, reed of rhode island and john kerry of massachusetts and kerry phroeting the idea of visiting -- float being ting the idea vi tehran and saying this is the type of think that he should undertake. guest: john kerry has become, along with levin and reed, at least within the senate one of the obama administration's sort of top wise men if you will. that isn't to say that he doesn't have others in other branches of the government. but on the hill these three are considered at least by obama to be people that he should listen to. if you will remember, when he was a candidate he flew to iraq and to afghanistan and brought along reed with him on that t p trip. now, kerry has done other work for the administration before, and he'sç very much in tune wi obama's foreign policy. so to h

we don't trade with north korea.what will we sanction them with economically when we don't do business with them? is just babble. on the other hand, sometimes when a president says there will be dire consequences, as with president obama has threatened sanctions against iran for its nuclear program, which i will come back to, that can have real effects. that's a costly signal. not just because it costs the iranians something if we cut back thank transactions and other activity business activities that the iranians do, but because it costs some of our friends money. because they do business with iran. if they abide by the sanctions that we threatened, that's costly to them, which means they will be a little annoyed. and so the president is taking a political risk, and because it is costly, we can take the statement as credible. and of course, the iranians have to work out is the cost of getting into the sections, getting into the threat, the demand for change in behavior greater than the cost of living with the econom

i understand what you are saying about the assumptions about north korea.trying to say about the assumptions of policy makers in 1989 and 2001? essentially, if you are saying -- you are saying something about their assumptions. i would like to have a clear idea about what those assumptions were. mary, my question to you is the following. you seem to want to have it both ways. you are saying on the one hand that in the long run, the architecture created in 1989 and 1990 missed the punctuational moment in that it did not provide for long-term satisfactory answers. there is a strong element of your analysis that is critical of the long term architecture created. on the other hand, if you are quick to say that it was the only possible architecture. how do you reconcile these two things? what are the implications of those statements? bill, my question to you is on your third and fourth example about iraq. you are critical of scholars. you said the policy makers had it more correct than the scholars in the decision to go to war against iraq. you say the decision

and the less inclined to be supportive on other political areas like iran and north korea. lots of south america and latin america. europe is having a hard time, but they questioned this person said is, what happened to capitalism? this talk of regulation, the bailouts, there is a fear about where america is headed. you see that reflected in our major companies who don't like uncertainty about health-care reform and energy policy. i have spoken to ceo's who say where is the impetus for economic growth? this is a point of tension as the administration is trying to jump-start the private sector to create jobs. i think one of the trends on the policy side is there is a question about the role of government with regard to the economy worldwide. a lot of that is looking at the u.s. and wondering what is happening. >> the outside world always looks to america, particularly at this time. we heard from peter about elections in iraq and brazil. you will be taking up with your own campaigns. are there any lessons you can pick up from other campaigns that have just been fought and aro

people's republic of china is failing on its responsibility and not helping us put pressure on north korea. nuclear weapons is a scary thought. >> larry: we thank you guys. african-americans helped president obama get elected. how do they feel about him now? that's next. by changing her medicare prescription plan. all we had to do was go to cvs.com and use the free savings calculator. we learned that changing your medicare part d plan could save an average of $612. woman: we just entered my prescriptions, and it compared plans for us. it was easy to find the right plan for the prescriptions i need. your cvs pharmacist can help, too. come in today, or go to cvs.com before december 31st to find the best plan for you -- at cvs/pharmacy. >> larry: an article in the "daily beast" asks are blacks abandoning obama. we will a sk our guests, mark hill. reverent al sharpton, the activist and former presidential candidate and jeff johnson, b.e.t. correspondent. is obama failing the african-americans? >> i think failing is a strong word. >> larry: disappointing. >> certainly. i think plenty of reason

the thing i'm really concerned about is north korea and iran.f mass destruction that could damage and do harm to the israelis and aspeus. we are looking in afghanistan and iraq, has been fighting hi}s not gotten us anywhere. i am just concerned about these countries that actually have these weapons that can do damage to our allies and us. host: ambassador neumann? guest: those are very profound concerns, and they are the reasons -- very quickly, i think is important to not mingle too many issues. i was not a great supporter of the invasion ofw3 iraq, but havg done it, the question is how you get out of it. and don't think it is quite fair to say that we have not accomplished anything. i think there is a much better chance athat iraq could evolve -- i say could, not will -- into a more stable country. but the iraqis are increasingly in charge of their own future. in afghanistan, we have accomplished quite a bit, but it has always been behind the curve. but that is problem of not -- putting not not putting -- not putting the right ingredients in.

so the two foreign policy issues at that moment that or at the top of the agenda were at north korea and the anti-nuclear missile defense, that was their concern, and we and our part were developing the initiative between france and the united kingdom on building up european defense. so we on the british side had enormous concern -- and this was also inherited from bill clinton, the notion of a nuclear missile defense. it does not spring from lloyd's of george w. bush. we were very worried that if the americans went gung-ho with the treaty and started dismantling some of the kyoto peace accord, this could unravel the relationship with russia and have all kinds of repercussions. then there was the anxiety that in developing the european defense initiative with the french that we had been seduced in some way by an incredibly fronting -- incredibly cunning friend that would run into a trap of undermining nato. we came up with a joint draft declaration to put these anxieties to bed, and that was finalized at camp david by the foreign policy adviser and by a rice herself. this was the top

inclined to, you know, be supportive on other geopolitical areas where we need their help in iran, north korea, etc. lots of south america and latin america, things look up. europe is having a hard time and the united states is having a hard time. but the question, this person said, is what happened to capitalism. you know, this talk of regulation, that the bailouts and whatnot, there's just a real fear about where america is headed in this regard. you see that reflected in some of our major companies, too, who don't like the uncertainty about health care reform, don't like the uncertainty about energy policy, about tax policy. i've spoken to c.e.o.'s who say, hey, where is the impetus for economic growth? we don't see it in the united states. there's no real impetus for investment. this is a real point of contention right now, as the administration is trying to get the private sector jump-started to create jobs again, get consumers spending again. so i think one of the trends -- and adam spoke to the politics. but on the policy side there's a real question about role of government, effectiven

i understand what you are saying about the realist assumptions and about north korea but what are you trying to say about the assumptions of policy makers in 1989 and 2001. you are saying it is not threats and interest or values. something about their assumptions. i'd like to have a clearer idea of what those assumptions were. my question to you is the following, you seem to want to have it both ways. you are saying on the one hand that in the long run, the architecture created in 1989 was a free fab architecture that missed the moment in the sense that it didn't provide for a long term saektry answer. there's a strong element that's critical of the long term architecture created. you are very quick to say it was the only possible architecture. how do you reconcile these two things or what are the implications of those starments. >> bill, my question to you is just on your third or fourth example of iraq where you you are critical of school ars. you say that the policy makers had it more correct than the scholars. it seems to me it arrived in the decision to go ahead in iraq. there fo

the thing i'm really concerned about is north korea and iran.on't think it is quite fair to say that we have not accomplished anything. i think there is a much better chance athat iraq could evolve -- i say could, not will -- into a more stable country. but the iraqis are increasingly in charge of their own future. in afghanistan, we have accomplished quite a bit, but it has always been behind the curve. but that is problem of not -- putting not not putting -- not putting the right ingredients in. i can try to make pancakes for eight years come in and never put in the -- for eight years, and if i never put in the eggs, it will not rise right. at north korea, i will be smart enough to say i don't know prep. on iran, i worked on iranian issues, and now we have a very, very tough problem. we would like to encourage the opposition, we have no idea if the opposition can succeed or not, and we also have a real interest in pushing for a non- nuclear iran, which means negotiating with the government. there are people would like to say, "because you want

iran, afghanistan, pakistan, north korea, this government run by democrats and republicans has not told the truth to the american people. it has sold the american people out. for their own interests. and there's a little story in my book, i can relate it. i was in an office right after 9/11 with arlen specter, the senator from pennsylvania who i know quite well who recently had a miraculous conversion from republicanism to democrattism. and i was, i was there on behalf of an fbi agent who had information on how the fbi had dropped the ball and not done its job in protecting the american people leading up to 9/11. the fbi had retaliated against this agent because the agent wanted to come forward and had filed internal complaints against him drumming up phony charges of sexual harassment. so i said to the senator, we need your help. we need you to intervene at the fbi. we want this fbi to testify in front of congress, and what did he say to me? larry, i like your suit. and i said, what do you mean, you like my suit? what lute are you talking about? >> he said, i like your suit. >> i said,

the president of the united states can push a button and launch a missile against north korea or iraq or iran, or mexico if he chose. but he doesn't have the money to fight a financial panic. only the federal reserve does, and so they use that power in march 2008. and they say they're bear stearns from bankruptcy. they settle into jpmorgan chase, and they buy $30 billion worth of stuff off the bear stearns balance sheet that jpmorgan chase didn't want. and for the next six months, things sort of oblong, and there some problem. fannie mae and freddie mac turn out to be now solvent and have to be taken over effectively by the state. there are a number of ways in which the chairman of the federal reserve and other people at the fed seat to keep lending going in the economy, understanding that lending interest in the cercla choicest of the economy. and if it isn't functioning economy can't function. but it is only in the fall of 2008 that we can in september when lehman brothers, merrill lynch, and aig all get in trouble at the same weekend, that the drama really reaches its crescendo.

june he has served as the coordinator for the implementation of the united nations resolution on north korea. earlier in his career he served in bogota, colombia and pretoria south africa. particular note is is being declared persona non grata bipa live cam presidents morales in september of 2,008. the committee has looked at this incident and members may have a few questions, but it is pretty clear to me that ambassador goldberg had no blame in this matter. mr. wagner by contrast as a career intelligence professional beginning as an army officer in rising to the level of captain. after three years on the house intelligence committee she joined the senior ranks of the dia before becoming director of intelligence community management staff and subsequently the assistant deputy the and i and chief financial officer. she returned to the house intelligence committee as budget director and is now a faculty member of the intelligence and security academy llc. she is being nominated to head the office of intelligence and analysis at the department of homeland security which unlike inr is the young

but it's also incumbent upon all of us to insist that nations, like iran and north korea, do not gaind. those who care for their own security cannot ignore the danger of an arms race in the middle east or east asia. those who seek peace cannot stand idly by as nations arm themselves for nuclear war. the same principle applies to those who violate international laws by brutalizing their own people. when there is genocide in darfur, systematic rape in congo, repression in burma, there must be consequences. yes, there will be engagement, yes, there will be diplomacy, but there must be consequences. when those things fail. and the closer we stand together, the less likely we will be faced with a choice between armed intervention and complicity the and oppression. this brings me to a second point. the nature of the peace that we seek. for peace is not merely the absence of visible conflict, only a just peace based on the inherent rights and dignity of every individual can truly be lasting. it was this insight that drove drafters of the universal declaration of human rights after the second

and so, we've doesn't mention earlier been able to forge consensus on difficult issues like north koreawe are now facing challenges and the council related to congo, eritrea. and the potential sanctions on as it goes to fail to meet his obligations with respect to djibouti and it active in promoting violence and supporting terrorism in somalia. so in a range of ways, we are finding a greater willingness and a greater openness among a broader section of member states to try to become together and meet our responsibilities. >> you touched briefly in your comments about the flaws in the u.n. and i think it's fair to say that many of our countrymen have become very cynical over the years about the united nations, in part because of the issue that we face tonight, the failure to prevent the atrocities in rwanda, but also because of the perceived anti-americanism, the large bureaucracy. you know, you're well aware of the litany of complaints have been made over the years by the united nations, about the united nations. now that you're in the hot seat, so to speak, and really see it close up,

envoy stephen bass worth is in seoul, korea, today to talk to officials about a trip to north korea, this to try to talk the north into resuming six-nation nuclear talks. international talks stalled about a year ago. politoco reports senator chuck schumer is objecting to banks that are charging consumers with a.t.m. fees twice per transaction, a practice he calls double dipping. the new york democrat says 72% of banks charge their customers whenever they use another bank's a.t.m., even though they're already paying a fee to the bank that owns that a.t.m. messages left with banking industry groups were not immediately returned. the white house security breach at a recent state dinner is one of many, according to an internal report obtained by "the washington post." it says that the secret service has had 91 security breaches since 1980. the report has been useded by the service to analyze its vulnerabilities and update procedures. and those are some of the latest headlines on c-span radio. >> part of our live coverage today on the c-span networks includes federal reserve chairman beck

it has been taken of the international organization crime syndicates, rogue nations such as north korea, syria and iran. and developing nations such as china and pakistan. as they seek to exploit ineffective or weak counterfeit enforcement frameworks around the globe. criminals have realized that the production of counterfeit drugs is twice as profitable as the trafficking of illegal marcotte x. it comes with significantly less criminal penalties compared with those handed out for illegal drugs. due to these limited and minimal criminal penalties, global counterfeiting has gone into an epidemic that reaches every country around the world. the w.h.o., world health organization, estimates that tens of thousands of people are dying to counterfeit a jd, diabetes and tropical disease medicine. unfortunately, most counterfeit cases it is not what is included in these fake drugs, it is what has been excluded that proves to be most harmful and deadly to patients. by taking counterfeit diluted or completely ineffective drugs, many patients fail to receive the important life-saving medicine they

overwhelming difficulty of making inroads against misery in the hard places like the sudan, condo, north koreading gender inequality and discrimination against gays and lesbians from the middle çwátáuafrica, asia. we must press for solutions in sudan. ongoing tensions threaten to add to the devastation wrought by genocide in darfur. we will work to identify ways that we and our partners can enhance human security while at the same time focusing greater efforts on preventing genocide elsewhere. women's rights, women's roles and women's responsibilities we must also focus on. as i said in beijing, human rights are women's rights and women's rights are human rights. i wish it could be so easily translated into action and changes. that i deal is far from realized in many places around the world. there is no place that so epitomizes the very difficult tragic circumstances confronting women than in eastern congo. i was in goma, the epicenter of on the most violent and canada regions on earth. when i was there, i met with victims of horrific a gender and sexual violence. i met with refugees driven fr

but it is also incumbent upon all of us to insist that nations like iran and north korea do not gameannot avert their eyes when those laws are flouted. those who care for their own security cannot ignore the danger of an arms race in the middle east or east asia. those who seek peace cannot stand idly by as nations arm themselves for nuclear war. the same principle applies to those who violate international laws by brutalizing their own people. when there is genocide in darfur, systematic rape in congo, repression in burma -- there must be consequences. yes, there will be engagement, yes, there will be diplomacy -- but there must be consequences when those things fail. and the closer we stand together, the less likely we will be faced with the choice between armed intervention and complicity in oppression. this brings me to a second point -- the nature of the peace that we seek. for peace is not merely the absence of visible conflict. only a just peace based on the inherent rights and dignity of every individual can truly be lasting. it was this insight that drove drafters of the uni

i understand what you are saying about the assumptions about north korea.trying to say about the assumptions of policy makers in 1989 and 2001? essentially, if you are saying -- you are saying something about their assumptions. i would like to have a clear idea about what those assumptions were. mary, my question to you is the following. you seem to want to have it both ways. you are saying on the one hand that in the long run, the architecture created in 1989 and 1990 missed the punctuational moment in that it did not provide for long-term satisfactory answers. there is a strong element of your analysis that is critical of the long term architecture created. on the other hand, if you are quick to say that it was the only possible architecture. how do you reconcile these two things? what are the implications of those statements? bill, my question to you is on your third and fourth example about iraq. you are critical of scholars. you said the policy makers had it more correct than the scholars in the decision to go to war against iraq. you say the decision

i'll get to north korea a little bit later.ese things happen, of course, something that a logic, a world situation that george and others think they understand for four decades suddenly transforms itself when the object of your attention disappears. everyone has an explanation. the reagan arms buildup did it or bureaucratic class that trot sky and others criticized coming into power with stalin did it, a whole host of other reasons can explain the collapse of the soviet union, but none of them have the the virtue of having predicted it. i then get into a, maybe a question that hasn't come up yet today. not how do we know when we're right about strategy or something like that, but how do we know when we're wrong? and i think one of the most important aspects of trying to understand the world is to learn from our mistakes and learn from those times when we're wrong. there are a number of ways to figure this out, one of them is history. it slaps you in the face, and you realize suddenly that your assumptions or your punitive under

when political prisoners are tortured in north korea, when women are raped in condo, when the innocenthen tibetans are denied their liberty, will we give up our time, our talents, our resources on their behalf? will we work within our spirit influence, however loftier load the it may be, to it as the frontiers of decency? the efficacy of the prize presented to his holiness this morning will be determined by whether we answer those questions in the affirmative. it is my hope and conviction that we can and will meet this challenge. but when we return to our homes, our jobs, and our families, we will remember this morning was not simply a celebration of the dalai lama and tom lantos but an affirmation of the principles that should guide us all. these two men were forged in fires heard than any we're likely to encounter, but as we work to advance the cause of human rights, each of us has the opportunity to grasp something of their greatness. in this long battle, as in in a long battle, good leaders like the dalai lama and tom lantos unnecessary, but they are not enough. and our praise for

to -- to be supportive on -- eon other geopolitical areas where we need their help and iran and north korea and, et cetera and latin america, things look, europe is having a hard time and the united states is having a hard time but the question is, this, this person said, is -- you know, what happened to capitol hillism. the talk of regulation and -- capitalism, the talk of regulation and the bailouts and what not. there's a fear about where america is headed this this regard. and you see that reflected in some of our major companies too who don't like the uncertainty about health care, don't like the uncertainty about energy policy and about tax policy. and so i spoke to those who say, where is the impetus for economic growth? we don't see it. there's no impetus for investment. the administration is trying to get the private sector jump started to create jobs and get consumer spending again. so i think one of the trends and i spoke to the politician and the policy side, there's a question about role government and effectiveness of government with regard to the economy, worldwide and a lot

the reality of two wars raging abroad that he inherited in iraq and afghanistan, nuclear north korea, nuclear thirty iran, an energy policy that sends $1 trillion to countries of does pottic wishes ill -- despotic wishes ill. this is what our president inherited. instead of working with him, our colleagues on the other side of the aisle have determined that the politics of failure will lead them to electoral victory. and that is more important than the future of the country. they've come to the floor of the senate to say no, no to everything. first to health care, now to providing for our troops in harm's way. they've come armed with an arsenal of parliamentary maneuvers not to govern, not to do what's best for the american people, not to do what what's bt for the senate, but to do what's politically expedient for them. mr. president, diminishing the senate's ability to pass defense appropriations as well as health care reform in order to score political points and then call it victory is an insult to the american people. it flies in the face -fs what our founders intended of a true r

and the less inclined to be supportive on other political areas like iran and north korea. lots of south america and latin america. europe is having a hard time, but they questioned this person said is, what happened to capitalism? this talk of regulation, the bailouts, there is a fear about where america is headed. you see that reflected in our major companies who don't like uncertainty about health-care reform and energy policy. i have spoken to ceo's who say where is the impetus for economic growth? this is a point of tension as the administration is trying to jump-start the private sector to create jobs. i think one of the trends on the policy side is there is a question about the role of government with regard to the economy worldwide. a lot of that is looking at the u.s. and wondering what is happening. >> the outside world always looks to america, particularly at this time. we heard from peter about elections in iraq and brazil. you will be taking up with your own campaigns. are there any lessons you can pick up from other campaigns that have just been fought and aro

do we really want burma, iran, north korea and other despotic governments setting the rules that govern how american businesses operate? i certainly do not. i yield back. the speaker pro tempore: for what purpose does the gentleman from texas rise? >> mr. speaker, i request permission to address the house for one minute. revise and extend my remarks. the speaker pro tempore: without objection, the gentleman from texas is recognized for one minute. mr. hinojosa: mr. speaker, i together with congressman henry cuellar rise to honor my newspaper in mcallen texas on its 100th year anniversary. since its first issue on december 11, 1909, the mcallen monitor has been around the clock operation. it began as a weekly newspaper. its reporters recorded the events when mcallen became incorporated in 1911. "the monitor" was there to record the history of the rio grande valley and its people. the names of the pioneering families leave a road map all across the rio grande valley. families like the lopez, the guy yars, the mcallens, the youngs, the sherry, the hinojosas, and the bensons. now a daily pa

we have the problems with the mideast peace process, the difficulties and iran and north korea and afghanistan and we need a strong president. and we need a congress, which has the courage to act, the tenacity and willingness to confront problems. and we need to show the american people that it is not all the gridlock here, that it is not all desperate, desolate partisan politics. so am i vogt will be in favor of the bill although i am frankly disappointed and i share the frustration expressed by many people who say go back and start again. this is a significant step forward. we have a great chance to improve it in conference and beyond that there will be another congress and with the analogy of civil rights legislation we can get the public option and get the greater public, governmental involvement for the benefit of the american people. i thank the chair and yield the floor. >> thank you mr. president. mr. president i come to the floor today on behalf of over 10,000 constituents from my home state of washington who have sent me letters and e-mails over the past six months to tell me their s

for example, several divisions to south korea to help defend the country if north korea were to do what they did in 1950 and attack. this president had to assess what is the impact upon the rest of our security of putting x amount of troops in afghanistan. he needs to listen to the general, but he also needs to listen to his collective national security input from around the world. that is what he did. 30,000 troops -- i believe -- he said this is what i believe needs to be done, and i'm glad he did that. host: how will this play on the campaign trail? caller: it does not matter. this is the right decision. i understand i'm in a democratic primary. there's one thing that i find that is lacking in washington, d.c. it is accountable leadership. so many people want to be responsible. two weeks ago, i'd pu put out a- ed. i said 30,000 troops, three to five years. i know my opponent says we should not do this through this is a gentleman i respect, but he voted for the misadventure douglas tragedy in iraq. i am only siworried about the security of this nation. the people of pennsylvania are i

have both said that the number one national security threat is not north korea. is not china. it is not, you know, i ran. it is cybersecurity. and that is the use of the internet from any place in the world, undetectable for the most part, to shut down already portions of brazilian cities, they've already done a lot of damage to the pentagon, to a variety of, you know, downloading in the summer of information from secret u.s. government information's. so the internet is our friend, and the internet is our enemy. and the most dangerous thing that confronts us in terms of surviving, they can shut down a great. they can shut down hospital systems. i mean, it is a very tricky business to me, the internet. and somebody can tell you that senator mccaskill is about here i'm going to close the hearing. >> i think she is on her way. >> now, i am sorry. i can't wait. if you want to, she will pop in here and she will be worth it. because she is terrific. and she's eight, you know, prosecutor, attorney general, all this kind of stuff. and she is just wonderful. and agreed on this subject

three days of meetings with north korean officials wrapped up and stephen was war, special envoy to north korea is encouraged. in moscow to of a russian officials he remarked in a briefing earlier that north korean officials acknowledge the appearance of the six-party talks and a joint statement of 2005. in a statement and calls for the north to end its nuclear an update on the climate some of this hour. developing countries are refusing to produce a bit in working groups, putting it talks in copenhagen into disarray they are demanding that rich countries raised pledges for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. meanwhile, a senior official says the meeting by five world powers on iran's nuclear program has been counseled. to china's opposition. the u.s., china, russia, britain, and germany plan to meet on friday in brussels. those are some of the latest headlines on c-span radio. >> head of the u.s. enmr!y information administration announces projections for u.s. energy supply, demand, and prices for the year 2035. live coverage begins at 9:30 eastern on c-span3. the peterson-2 commission on but t

to -- to be supportive on -- eon other geopolitical areas where we need their help and iran and north korea and, et cetera and latin america, things look, europe is having a hard time and the united states is having a hard time but the question is, this, this person said, is -- you know, what happened to capitol hillism. the talk of regulation and -- capitalism, the talk of regulation and the bailouts and what not. there's a fear about where america is headed this this regard. and you see that reflected in some of our major companies too who don't like the uncertainty about health care, don't like the uncertainty about energy policy and about tax policy. and so i spoke to those who say, where is the impetus for economic growth? we don't see it. there's no impetus for investment. the administration is trying to get the private sector jump started to create jobs and get consumer spending again. so i think one of the trends and i spoke to the politician and the policy side, there's a question about role government and effectiveness of government with regard to the economy, worldwide and a lot

they have both said that the number one national security threat is not north korea. does not china. it is not you know, iran. it is cybersecurity. and that is the use of the internet from anyplace in the world, undetectable for the most part, to shut down already portions of brazilian cities have already done the lot of damage to the pentagon, to a variety of downloading endless amounts of the information from secret u.s. government sources. so, the internet is our friend and the internet is our enemy. and the most dangerous thing that confronts us in terms of surviving. they can shut down a grid. they can shut down hospital systems. i mean, it is a very tricky business to me, the internet. if somebody can't tell me that senator mccaskill is about here, i am going to close the hearing. >> she is on her way. >> no, i am sorry. i can't wait. if you want to, she will pop in here. and she will be worth it because she is terrific. and she is a prosecutor, attorney general and all this kind of stuff and she is just wonderful. and agreed on the subject. i want to thank you

and is revealed travelers from a dozen countries, including cuba and north korea, and that they are alwaysjected to extra screening. the security playbook that was prepared in 2008 is said to be out of date. they added in a statement that the procedures in place remain strong. but they never meant for this information to be public. each page says, this record contains sensitive security information. this cannot be disclosed without the need to know. they say this was improperly posted by the agency, with reaction. but bloggers were able to remove the blogging. >> some of the compromised -- the blocking. >> an allied officer may be cleared without undergoing screenings. for example, this is not required for wheelchairs and orthopedic shoes. they are investigating this because they take the failure seriously. with the known terrorist target being aviation, it is a little bit late to get serious. >> the only early christmas present that terrorists will get is the resolve of the men and women of the department of homeland security, the president of the united states, and the men and women of t