annenberg media ♪ captioning sponsored by annenberg/cpb narrator: the region of northern africa and southwestsia is largely islamic. but jerusalem, like the rest of israel and palestine, is bitterly divided between muslims and jews. at the beginning of the 21st century, arabs in the israeli-occupied territories on the west bank and the gaza strip began an uprising they called the "second intifada." it was marked by a seemingly endless cycle of arab attacks and suicide bombings followed by israeli reprisals. in order to understand the prospects for peace, we explore the historical geography of israel and palestine with special emphasis on the sacred space of jerusalem. for half a century, israelis and palestinians have battled over jerusalem and a larger homeland. helping to mediate competing claims was dennis b. ross, special envoy for the first president bush and then president clinton. as his term ended, the peace process crumbled. the intifada that began has had lots of casualties. unfortunately, one of the worst casualties-- in addition to the true human suffering-- has been a loss of com

. >> translator: sudden outbreak of terrorism in the middle east and northern africa.s situation has deteriorated further. one can now refer to the destruction of the political map of the region which was formed in those days. today one can claim that attempts to -- to deal in an isolated way, without linking it to the historic overall context of individual conflicts enjoys no prospects. in the past we have dealt like this with iraq, libya, lebanon, syria, every time trying to convince one another we're going to resolve this problem and everything will be fine. and the decisions in most cases or solutions were often sought in a change of venue cries of that or other regime, without caring about the consequences or without having a strategy. as a result of the euphoria which engulfed a great many following the arab spring war, [ inaudible ] faced with the expansion of horror and violence, and the shadow looming over the region, as well as terrorist threats. al-qaeda in the countries of [ inaudible ], the yemeni branch of al-qaeda, and other groups of course have faded i

predominantly in northern africa and the middle east. but we're seeing it spread throughout europe and australia and we don't want to see that spread into the united states. >> reporter: you mentioned at least 40 u.s. fighters have returned. where are they and what efforts is being made to find them? >> we think about 50 have come back. look, if we can arrest these individuals we do if with under the constitution cannot charge them with a criminal offense, providing materiel support, we have to monitor them. but, again, if you don't -- we don't good intelligence on the ground in syria. we don't have good human intelligence so it's really hard to know who has traveled. i give the fbi and homeland great credit for stopping a lot of this and arresting almost 70 isis followers in the united states. these are astounding numbers, though, and you can only stop it for so long and if we don't have good human intelligence on the ground to identify who has gone to the battlefield and who has come back, that's a hard threat to stop and it's hard to

scheduled to meet in belgium tomorrow to discuss how best who help refugees from the middle east and northern africa>>> pope francis is making a stop in cuba before coming to the you had. the holy father will be there beginning this friday, on saturday, he will be welcomed to havana by cuban president raul castro. huge crowd are expected to gather when the pope celebrates mass, cuban government will release, and pardon more than 7500 prisoners for the visit. many of those political prisoners. >>> and the family of the former philadelphia a police officer, injured in the line of duty got the the surprise of a lifetime, today. retired officer richard bows, his wife and three children will greet pope francis as he lands in philadelphia international airport for the world meeting of families. the announcement was made at the end of the mass at st. christopher's church in the cities somerton section. >> just completely overwhelmed right now, and so blessed, and humled and very grateful. >> not worthy. >> honestly just don't feel like we're worthy enough for something of this caliber. >> officers bows was

is genocide going on against christians, many of whom are catholic in northern africa, in the middlee has the same kind of profound impact, speaking on that issue as he is here today, as he has here today, i think you will see a new day in religious persecution and religious liberty. as he said, the foundation of the american principles and constitution. >> ambassador ray flynn, thanks so much. i know you're probably going to have to leave us. thank you. we're going to listen in again. >> translator: we celebrate through christ our lord. the lord be with you. lift up your hearts. let us live -- let us give thanks to the lord our god. it is truly right and just, our duty and our salvation always and ever were to give you thanks, lord, holy father, almighty and eternal god, through christ our lord. for, as on the festival of st. junipero serra, you bid your church rejoice, so, too you strengthen her by the example of his holy life, teach her by his words of preaching and keep her safe in answer to his prayers. and so, with the company of angels and saints, we sing the hymn of your prai

the middle east is in flames, and northern africa is very under babel, so people, refugees, especiallyrom syria, look for safe haven, a better life, in europe and especially in germany, and i have been serving. in lebanon, i know syria pretty well. those people, they are just escaping hell. to flee from the barrel bombs of assad and the , and theywars of isil e in to find well, -- welcom europe, and mostly syrians coming to germany, and put into proportion, it would equal 3.5 million in the u.s., and i am happy and proud of my fellow countrymen and welcome them wholeheartedly, and the tens of thousands of volunteers that brought them food and shelter, and so it is a wonderful welcome for those, but, of course, this is just the beginning of a larger transformation of europe, and we see in a very short time span a fundamental our societies,of of my country, of all of europe. migrants, of refugees, will change the face of europe. charlie: how so? peter: we become countries of immigrants, and this is something that the germans, in particular, are not used to. a very homogeneous society, an

. >> let's put the crisis into perspective. 340,000 refugees moved in, leaving northern africa, the middle east, fleeing the upheaval. many risking death, crossing the mediterranean to get to greece and italy. others are travelling thousands of miles to turkey and balkans in hopes of a better life in germany, france, britain, sweden and others. there are concerns that further russian intervention in the syrian civil war could make it worse for civilians. >> secretary of state john kerry called russian counterpart sergey lavrov about a russian build up of military support for the bashar al-assad regime. >> the u.s. secretary of state john kerry telephoned the russian foreign minister sergey lavrov, to express the united states concern with what it calls russia's enhanced military build up in syria. in recent days there has been what the u.s. sees worrisome activity, transport of housing units to syrian battlefield, as well as the fact that the they are having to transport an air traffic control to that syrian battlefield. if those reports are accurate, that this action by russia will, in fa

city of munich, and you're aware that a lot of these refugees from when they leave the coast of northern africa or the middle east and travel through europe. that's where they want to be. germany and munich. tell us about the welcome for the once who finally manage to get there. >> this is the goal of all the desperate journeys. many of them attorney by war and violence of oppression. we're outside of the main railway station in munich. we've had difficult technical difficulties that made it difficult to film inside, but it's such a contrast from what andrew was describing. instead of dispirited and sad people, we have people who are very happy, really overjoyed. the welcome that they're getting is really quite something. they're applauding at each refugee goes through the process from a medical tent and boards a bus. as the buses pull out towards the welcome centers where they'll be housed and sheltered, the crowd applaused. there are groups carrying european union flags and pictures of chancellor angela merk. people have been handing out soft toys teddy bears, chocolates for some of the kids

scrambling to suppress the violence, but it is not confined to egypt, but a grave concern to northern africad the entire nation. the president will speak later today, and in his address, he is expect ed to the speak about fighting extremist ideologies and on a need of a coordinated international effort to resolve the problem. this is one of the many topics that we discussed in my wide-ranginging interview with t the egyptian president. >> reporter: how much of a threat is isis now to egypt? >> it is not just eisis that represents the threat to egypt, be tow the whole world. it is the idea of extremism, and very obscene thinking. this is what we need to do and what we need to confront. and we cannot focus our efforts to our fight of isis, but we need to stand firm to check this ideology. >> reporter: but does this represent a threat to egypt in the sense that egypt could go down? >> go down? >>. >> reporter: go down and lose to the terrorists. >> in egypt, sparing no effort to defeat this effort, but it is also include includes the inforf the long term confrontation. >> in is a war that is go

have entered the eu illegally coming from as far as southern india, pakistan, afghanistan, from northern africathe middle east. what in the world did the european union expect would happen? >> germany expected to get a lot of relatively well-educated, young workers and laborers and dump all the incapable people on the other smaller countries. i mean the volkswagen scandal is just the tip of the iceberg. lou: a familiar scandal to many americans, i'm sure. >> yeah, indeed. but for all the problems of europe, i am personally -- lou, i am really, really, really worried about putin's next moves in syria. we may be in for a major crisis that obama can't begin to handle. lou: and that crisis, we're talking about something like 2,000 russian troops, the creation of the forward air base in latakia. we understand two more are being constructed. there air dozen to 18 jet fighters have been moved into place. 8 gunship helicopters. this administration has had a three-year window of opportunity to take steps to secure u.s. interests and a strategy in the middle east and has declined to do so. >> let me make

million civilian versus streaming into europe to escape war.s an influx from ira afghanistan and northern africa. pressure is growing for the united states to help. here is the white house response today. >> the administration is actively considering a range of approaches to contribute to the solution to this very difficult challenge. there is no denying that the situation that many of our european partners are confronteding right now is a significant one and that's why the united states is going to continue to consider additional steps that we can take to help those countries bearing the brunt of this situation. >> they are considering more refugees into america and canada, those two candidates think we should. >> should we be letting those people into this country? >> it's so horrible on a humanitarian basis when you see that. it's like incredible what's going on, but you know, we have so many problems and the answer is possibly yes. >> we have always been a country that's been willing to accept people who have been displaced and i would be open to that if it can be done in a way that allows u

island that is part of italy by way off the italian coast in the mediterranean sea, closer to northern africa than anything else. lampedusa has become an international by word for desperation. lampedusa has for years now been a desperate way station for migrants and regulars trying to flee their own countries for their own survival or for a better life trying to get to europe. and the very first thing that pope francis did after he became pope was that he traveled to lampedusa to make pack common cause with these most desperate people in the whole world. and top pray for those of them who had been lost at sea trying to get there. so any pope coming to the united states at any time is a huge deal for this country where basically, a quarter of the american population is catholic in one way or another. but this pope coming to this country at this time is a truly singular thing. given who he is and given what else is going on in the world. and so his alitalia jet touched down today at andrews air base. president obama was there to greet him in person along with the first lady and their daughters

of the appropriations committee and the ranking member of the subcommittee on middle east and northern africa all voted against approving this agreement. here in the senate, the former chairman of the foreign relations committee and the committee's current ranking member are among the democrats who have opposed this agreement. they have joined republicans on the floor in seeking an up-or-down vote on this -- on this agreement. the senior democrat foreign policy leaders and every republican in both chambers of congress oppose this deal and we have made our reasons clear. the president's agreement fails to make america safer, quite simply. it is not likely to eliminate and it will not eliminate iran's path to a nuclear weapon and the agreement will hurt the security situation that is rapidly deteriorating in the middle east , especially in israel. we still have not seen the side agreements. there's two side agreements between the iaea and iran. we don't know what's in them. we're supposed to see everything. these side agreements we think include important provisions about the inspection of iran

mediterranean and who painfully wander along the roads of europe come from the middle east and from northern africa, where countries, state institutions have been destruct you aral by actions contrary to international law, thus making room for the proliferation of terrorism. the deep sense of indignation caused by the picture of a dead syrian boy on the beaches of turkey, and by the news on the 71 persons asphyxiated inside a truck should lead to acts of practical solidarity. in the world where goods, capital, information and ideas circulate freely, it is absurd to prevent the free movement of people, brazil is a hosting, a welcoming country, a country ultimately made up by refugees. we have received syrians, haitian men and women from all over the world. that we for more than a century now have provided shelter to miles of europeans, arabs and asian citizens. we remain open. we have our arms open to welcome refugees. we are a multi-ethnic nation. we are a multi-ethnic country that coexists with differences and knows all too well the importance of differences to ultimately make us stronger, richer

as long as that threat exists over there, it's all throughout northern africa, as well, so, too, is the threat to the homeland. the idea of them traveling to the united states to conduct a terrorist attack. you have to eliminate the threat where it exists. we haven't done that adequately. i'm hopeful that the president and this united nations meeting can get the world powers together to identify this as a threat that we need to eliminate. >> and the treasury sanctioned supporters of isis today. how do you implement or police the sanctioning, economic sanctions, against isis? >> it's very difficult to do. i mean, the fact is, we have very little presence on the ground. we have very little human intelligence, which is why the numbers i gave you, we're not even sure how real the numbers are because we don't have the human intelligence on the ground. so i think implementing -- yeah, i think cutting out the terrorist financing is very important, in terms of their oil and gas supply line, but you have to disrupt through military force. then they need a political solution to this, as well. we

are escaping these ungoverned spaces starting in western iraq, going through the la vont into northern africa. so a very different problem. now i'm sure we're going to get into it in q&a, but the two are beginning to merge as we see russia apart of the syria equation. let me also point out and i think it's very interesting that in our last ministerials, one of our bright, well-thought ministers brought up that general breedlove, you talk about strategic direction east and strategic direction south. we in the north are worried about strategic direction north and what we're beginning to see happen in the arctic with the militarization of the arctic by the russians. so now there's a voice that begins to talk about strategic direction north, strategic direction east and strategic direction south. so it is bigger than just russia. >> today is a huge day because as we all know at 5:05 this evening will be the long awaited bilateral between president obama and vladimir putin. the last time the two of them sat down for a formal face to face was in 2013 in northern ireland. a lot has happened since th

returned to the united states they're really coming from all over the world out of europe and northern africa australia, indonesia is a globe will g hoff phenomenon filling those power vacuums primarily been recruits coming out of europe a british says -- citizen to travel to morocco where they're operating out of. it is a global phenomenon. not just the old days but it is metastasizing all over the world. . . we monitor them. again if we don't have good intelligence on the ground in syria. , it's really hard to know who his trouble. i give great credit for stopping all of this and arresting almost 70 isis followers in the united states. these are astounding numbers. you can only stop it for so long. if we don't have good intelligence on the ground to identify who has gone to the battlefield and who has come back, that is a hard threat to stop. it's hard to stop as a prosecutor, you have to have evidence to prosecute them. if we don't have evidence on the battleground to know that they have joined the enemy, it is, it is very difficult to process the case. [inaudible] >> good intelligence and

there after the arab spring, we've seen power vacuums full, we've seen it filled by terrorists in northern africa and all throughout the middle east. and as that threat grows overseas over there, so, too, does a threat to the home legion because they have greater territory to launch external operations, including operations over the internet ta we have seen more recently. so i guess my question to you, sir, is there are many facets to this militarily, politically, from an idea logical struggle. what more needs to be done to defeat this enemy? >> well, i think i obviouslied some of it, which is there should be considerably more engagement in the parts of the world where people are plotting to kill us. it has always seemed to me it made sense to have american military in the places that were of most danger to us, which is the reason we kept our military in germany for so long and in south korea for so long. i think the withdrawal of our troops from iraq and afghanistan on a timetable will prove historically to be a horrible mistake. i believe it was the again siz sis of isis and our inability to pr

you know, if you signal the middle east and northern africa, there's an unimpeded right to enter europeection, and that's the part of it they have not yet figured out, unending warfare, francis, as you know, and syria, and afghanistan, iraq, libya, so the problem won't go away until we stabilize the situation in the region. >> we see from the images the desperation for those people, and there's the violence breaking out, between protest violence and greece, and then the tensions leading to the violence, is this just the start of that or can we expect more of that in the days and weeks to come? >> there's an element of hypocrisy to it. you look at our own situation, if we ever announced there was an unimpeded right for haiti, cuba, central -- latin america to walk north in the united states we would see the same kind of thing prompted by violence and impoverty and the desperation on the part of our population, so the problem is not a new one. we have watched this devastating tragedy in syria and afghanistan and iraq for years, and so you have to do something about it. the easiest part of

battlefield is growing, with isis and syria and iraq and spreading to northern africa.tier mitch mcconnell live from the hill as we remember those lost on this day, september 11th, 2001. >> wrote a love letter and that is as i read it i'm know i'm starting to crying but, there is no crying. when cigarette cravings hit, all i can think about is getting relief. only nicorette mini has a patented fast-dissolving formula. it starts to relieve sudden cravings fast. i never know when i'll need relief. that's why i only choose nicorette mini. ♪ >> charles leseron. >> jeff levine. >> john dennis levi. >> alicia karen levin. >> my bee loved husband, peter mutos. love of my heart. thanks for those who serve to keep our country safe and our freedom. thank you. >> and my uncle, john thomas resta, my aunt, sylvia resta and their baby that we never got to meet. we all love you and miss you every day. bill: and on and on the names roll off the tongues of the families who miss them every day and on the bottom of your screen, you see the names crawl and they do on and on this day. begin

long as they can fester over spring,ter the erroarab we have seen it filled with terrorists from northern africa so, too,iddle east -- the threat to the homeland. because they have greater territory to launch external operations, including operations over the internet that we have seen recently. so, i guess my question to you, sir is -- there are many facets to this. militarily, politically, from an ideological struggle. what more needs to be done to defeat this enemy? mayor giuliani: i think i out lined some of it, which is there should be considerably more engagement in parts of the world where people are plotting to kill us. it is always seemed to me it made sense to have american that weren the places of most danger to us, which is the reason why we kept our military in germany for so long, and south korea for so long. i think the withdrawal of our troops from iraq and afghanistan has proven to be a horrible mistake. is the failure to properly assess isis. having theot military where people are denies ofo kill us intelligence, because the military can get that intelligence for us. there has

this sort of global jihad movement that we have seen expand across northern africa and the middle east and other parts of the world. as that threat grows over there, so too are the threats of the homeland that concern me a great deal. >> the whole issue of these terrorists, the report also says that americans are being radicalized, authorities are too strained now, they're having difficulty monitoring, intercepting suspects. what's the problem here? >> we have, you know, on the -- we have spent billions of dollars to attack military ily, to keep them out of the country but we spend very little and have little manpower looking at the prevention side of this piece to deradicalize people, get them on the off-ramp, like tar nigh everybody, the boston bomber kicked out of the moving for being too radical and we didn't know about that. reaching out to communities and having those programs in the united states could go a long ways. resources are stretched very thin within the homeland security department and the fbi. they have to prioritize. and the fact is, the threat is getting worse, nbett

are escaping these ungoverned spaces starting in western iraq, going through the la vont into northern africa. so a very different problem. now i'm sure we're going to get into it in q&a, but the two are beginning to merge as we see russia apart of the syria equation. let me also point out and i think it's very interesting that in our last ministerials, one of our bright, well-thought ministers brought up that general breedlove, you talk about strategic direction east and strategic direction south. we in the north are worried about strategic direction north and what we're beginning to see happen in the arctic with the militarization of the arctic by the russians. so now there's a voice that begins to talk about strategic direction north, strategic direction east and strategic direction south. so it is bigger than just russia. >> today is a huge day because as we all know at 5:05 this evening will be the long awaited bilateral between president obama and vladimir putin. the last time the two of them sat down for a formal face to face was in 2013 in northern ireland. a lot has happened since th

you've got people from northern africa. you've got people from iraq.ng that is a massive huge cut that doesn't seem to be closing. >> jose, when you go et right down to it, and anyone who understands the situation will say, until ba slar shar al assa president of syria, goes, until he stops using violence against his own people, the flow of refugees is going to continue from syria. we have to get to the root of the problem, or else there will be no tail end of the problem in sight. >> you have to add the other players destabilizing that region. let's not forget iran, iran's support of syria, let's not forget about syria's involvement in lebanon. the part of lebanon that's not controlled by lebanese. >> absolutely. the problem is that we have avoided these issues. >> ambassador, always a pleasure to see you. i could talk to you forever but we do have so much to cover today. >>> a new interview with vice president joe biden can tell us more about his plans to possibly check out the democratic race. those details are coming up on "the rundown." it's more

they can fester over there after the arab spring, we've seen it fall, it filled by terrorists in northern africa and all throughout the middle east, and as that threat grows overseas, so too does a threat to the homeland because they have greater territory to launch external operations, including operations over the internet that we've seen more recently. so i ask my question to you, sir, there are many facets to this military, politically, from an ideological struggle, what more needs to be done to defeat this enemy? >> well i think i outlined some of it. which is i think there should be considerably more engagement in the parts of the world with people are plotting to kill us. it seems to me, it made sense to have american military in the places that were of most danger to us, which is the reason we kept our military in germany for so long and in south korea for so long. i think the withdraw of our troops from iraq and afghanistan on a time table will prove historically to be a horrible mistake. i believe it was the genesis of isis and our inability to properly assess isis. i think the failure

europe is being told it is time to act, and governments must take in 160,000 refugees from northern africa and the middle east. european commission president jean-claude juncker urge to the continent to share the burden. he spoke to the european union in france. >> all of us should remember that europe is a continent where nearly everyone has at one time been a refugee. our common history is marked by millions of europeans fleeing from religious, political persecution, from oppression. ramy: he did not use the word quotas, but he said it must be compulsory. there has been a shakeup at united airlines. ceo just my sick and two other officials are out. it has to do with a federal investigation into ties with the port of new york and new jersey restart aited money-losing flight to the chairman's home in south carolina in exchange for political favors. its, apple will unveil latest iphone today in san francisco. the device is expected to have a body similar to that of the iphone sex and the iphone six plus. there will be an upgraded -- of the iphone six and the iphone six plus. at the u.s. ope

certainly about syria, the root cause of the vast migration we're now seeing from the middle east and northern africaes that had at least been able to ameliorate some of these issues, just last week we heard a report criticizings world health organization for missing the ball on ebola. so this is a critical moment for this institution and its agencies and for its member states, certainly including the united states. and i'm not sure that the pope alone can solve all those problems. but if he has the spirit and the brilliance that he has exhibited in washington, then certainly in his initial moments here in new york last night at vespers, i think nothing is impossible. those of us who cover politics perhaps too much should perhaps get more in the mood of having faith and having spirit as we approach this day. >> well, let us -- faith and hope. let us hope that this remarkable man, this remarkable leader of a remarkable institution can provide that at the united nations like he did at congress yesterday. right now you have the secretary-general speaking with the pontiff. we showed you pictures earlier

at the northern tip of africa, a short ferry hop from spain it was a magnet for riders spies and artistsin your time, liked drugs, the kind of sex that was frowned upon at home and an affordable lifestyle against an exotic background, it was for you. >> matisse, many have come this way, staying a while or hanging around. but no one stayed longer or became more associated with tan jeer than the novelist and composer john bowls. he created a romantic vision that persists today. ♪ tanjier was a city of expats. people with pasts, people that didn't like where they were and craved somewhere and something else. the gateway to the medina is where you can find the casbah which means fortress by the way, and in the middle of it all what uncle bill called the last stop, the meeting place, the switchboard of tanjier. reasons for settling here die verge but everyone, sooner or later, since the beginning of memory comes to cafe tingas. jonathon dawson came to the city over 20 years ago as a journalist and never left. he lives a life not too distant from burroughs' fantasy. cake and tea at 4:00 every

in little rock arkansas this morning about a flood of refugees in europe coming from syria and northern africatates ought to be doing and what would you say? >> well, first of all, i think we need to be providing humanitarian assistance and providing food, helping them to be able to have a shelter. there are many ways in which we can be helpful. depending on again whether these are refugees that are truly escaping for their lives or they are merely running, that's a determination that has to be made on the ground as they are being evaluated. but absolutely we should provide humanitarian assistance for them. the united states always has done that. i was in pakistan after the earthquake and you know who showed up? americans did. we were the ones who were feeding. after katrina, when i was there, who was there? americans were. all over the world, whether a tsunami or earthquake or some type much genocide. it's almost always the americans who show up with love and with tangible assistance and it's one reason i love this country and i think it's one reason we ought to preserve and protect america.

northern croatia. >> reporter: dedication of leaders from the block of west africa nations are set to arrive in burkinaand a coup who captured a president and prime minister and three people were killed on thursday after hundreds demonstrated against the take over and gerald tan has the details. >> reporter: uproar on the streets here and gunfire rang out as people protested against the coup in burkina faso's capitol. >> translator: people started to come out, in front of us we saw a military vehicle that drove directly into the people and started shooting and killing people. >> translator: if we are here today it's to stand up against the ego interest of the guard killing civilians and threatening people. >> reporter: dramatic turn of events after a popular uprising last october blasted the president when he tried to extend his 27 year rule, a transitional government had been preparing for elections next month until the elite presidential guard took over on wednesday. the man in charge now says the vote will take place but at a later time. >> translator: we have to discuss with concerned actors and ci

africa's second biggest producer. >> reporter: thousands of families in zambia's northern city depend on the local copper industry.ose families is here. but he has lost his job after global copper prices hit a slump. >> i am going through a hard time because as a family man, i have children that are going school, so it's hard for me to survive at the moment. >> reporter: he's now looking for temporary work. but that doesn't earn him as much as mining. >> this is a mining area. most of the people here depends on the mine. people in the market, in the. [ inaudible ] it's the -- the little pay get is from the minders, it feels like it's a catastrophe. >> reporter: the price of concert lowest it's been in six years and slow down in primary consumer means a drop in demand for the metal. the president of zambia's chamber of mines says the government needs to adapt policies if it wants to increase its income. >> what makes zambia particularly vulnerable is it's. [ inaudible ] commodity country. we depend very much on one mineral, which is copper. so flush situations in that mineral price do have very deep implications fo

says boko haram attacks in west africa countries have forced nearly 1.5 million children from their homes. mostly displaced in northern nigeria but most military victories are encouraging residents to return to their homes. and as ahmed idris reports. >> boko haram, translated, education is forbidden. aysha studies in this old prison yard. it is converted to a temporary school. >> translator: i don't know why they are destroying our schools or what is going into them. all we wanted was to get an education. >> reporter: the government has launched a program to continue education. the hunger for education remains and hundreds of children are back in school. a defiance under difficult conditions like this. massive reconstruction work is underway as the nigerian military continue to campaign against boko haram. the military which claims to have the momentum against the group says it wants to secure both students and school infrastructure from further attacks. >> you have to be there to provide a strategy for the inhabitants, have to be there to instill confidence in them that yes they are now protected or there are arrang

africa have been flooding into hungary. many are trying to get to germany and other northern european nations. they have totalled 150,000 to date this year. at a station in budapest trains bound for national territories were suspended leaving 100 p migrants stranded >> we don't have blankets and the weather is hot. the women are suffering, are suffering. it is -- >> european council and other leader said fences will be set up. he said he'll put troops along the border with serbia. >> if we create an imagination or an impression that just come because we're ready to accept everybody, that would be a moral failure. >> some eu leaders say they have no choice but to allow more refugees in and plan to call on neighbors countries to accept their fair share. france and grpz will present a joint proposal designed more eu countries step forward to welcome refugees. francois hollande alluded to different ways they are handling the crisis. >> translator: i've considered what we've done until now to be insufficient. there are countries, which i won't name, because we have to work with all of them, that ar

africa have been flooding into hungary. many are trying to get to germany and other northern european nations. they have totaled 150,000 to date this year. at a station in budapest trains bound for transnational territories were suspended, leaving about 1500 migrants stranded. >> we sleep on the road. we don't have blankets. the weather is cold. and the child and the women are suffering, are suffering. it's a big tragedy. >> he met european council president and other leaders. they explained his government's measures to curb the influx of migrants and refugees. he says fences will be set up and he says he'll put troops along hungary's border with serbia. >> if we would create an image or imagination or an impression that just come because we are ready to accept everybody, that would be a moral failure. >> some say they have no choice but to allow refugees in and call on neighboring countries to accept their fair share. but opposition remains strong among east european nations. ♪ >>> more than 120,000 japanese died in the eastern part of new guinea during world war i. the dwindling number of ve

and if that's not enough, other responsibilities include cyber and northern ireland, and defense relations with africa and latin america. after graduating from the university, penny began a very successful career in business and communications working in the private and public and charitable sectors. she was communications director for the kensington and british council. she supported british truckers while working for the transport association and was the director at the community fund, which merged administratively to create the big lottery fund. in 2006 she became director of diabetes uk, the largest patient organization in europe. if that wasn't enough at the same time she founded her own media company, which she ran successfully for many years before she successfully sold it off. in the world of politics and government, penny has worked with high profile politicians under john major she was head of youth for the conservative party and had a two-year spell as head of broadcasting under party leader william hague. she's even dipped her toe into the waters on this side of the atlantic having worked

africa. more than 430,000 migrants have crossed the mediterranean sea for europe this year, most pushing toward northern and western europe. on monday, the 28-nation european union will hold an emergency summit in brussels, belgium, to try to agree on how many asylum seekers each country will accept. the newshour's william brangham has been reporting all week from hungary, he is now in vienna, austria and i spoke to him earlier today. william, among the european countries, hungary has been the most critical of europe's broader response to the refugees' arrival. you've been there in hungary all week. so what are the hungarians arguing ought to be done with the thousands of people coming to their door? >> reporter: well, hungary is trying to do everything it possibly can to shut that door. the prime minister has been very critical of the way the europeans have responded to the migrant crise. he is arguing for his country and europe as a whole this is about them defending the christian identity of the largely muslim group of refugees coming to europe. and hes that haz done more than any other european nati

africa. having seized animals from more than a dozen circuses here, their mission is almost complete. but then they receive some urgent news. a lost circus. one that vanished into the remote northern desert, it's located. >> it's secretive, we haven't been able to get a camera inside. >> reporter: will this key giant holdout threaten adi's entire operation? >> things are started to get heated. >> reporter: a standoff when "nightline" returns. except that managing my symptoms was all i was doing. and when i finally told my doctor, he said humira is for adults like me who have tried other medications but still experience the symptoms of moderate to severe crohn's disease. and that in clinical studies, the majority of patients on humira saw significant symptom relief. and many achieved remission. humira can lower your ability to fight infections, including tuberculosis. serious, sometimes fatal infections and cancers, including lymphoma, have happened; as have blood, liver, and nervous system problems, serious allergic reactions, and new or worsening heart failure. before treatment, get tested for tb. tell your doctor if you've been to areas where certain fungal infections are common

the northern ireland's largest party has stepped aside after failing to convince the governments of power sharing >>> scientists discovered the remains of human-like species in a cave in south africa. it could have evolved 2.8 million years. it will reshape understanding of how humans developed. tonya paige explains. >> >> reporter: it was unveiled in front of the world's leading scientists and media. a new link in the evolutionary change. this is a home owner, one of our earliest relatives and new species of primitive hominem. part ape, part human. >> it walks on two legs like you and eye and has long legs. the feet are like yours and mine. but if they were standing next to us, you would not think they were a human. they were 5 foot tall. the brain was the size of my fist. small and primitive in shape and high soldiers like an ape >>> the fossils were found at a cave, at the cradle of human kind, a u.n.e.s.c.o. world heritage site in south africa. never before has so many fossils been found in one place. there are 15 partial skeletons. what is significant is what it tells you about the behaviour. scientists say the remains were put there suggesting a burial ritual. something unti

africa, we will exam why. plus, the women fighting to save one of america's largest family planning organizations. >> afghan forces backed by u.s. air support have launch add counter offensive to recapture the northern city from taliban fighters. the sudden fall on monday is a major set back for the government, and raises further doubts about it's ability to tackle the taliban. stephanie decker reports. >> there were no government retreats left here, taliban fighters are now in control of large parts of the city. here they are symbolically waving their flag. >> this battle is not over, the afghan government has announce add major military operation to recapture. >> in the first place we should take care of the civilian casualties. we have already paid attention and ewith h continue. the enemy has conceded heavy damages including the air strikes i don't want to go into detail. >> special forces have been put in and the u.s. military confirmed an air strike on the outskirts on tuesday morning. this proving difficult for some reinforcements to reach because of the taliban has set up bobby traps along the way. >> when their government was deposed by the u.s. led invasion. it coincides with the first ann