another dimension is ethnic dime nsion, in that many anglo-americans thought that irish were inferior culturally, ethnically. finally, there was an economic argument against the irish. many of the irish immigrants arrived in the u.s. in a debilitated state. they were impoverished heavily. many of them began entering the charitable institutions. many americans thought they were abusing american welfare funded by american taxes. >> who determined if an irish immigrant would be turned away or deported? hidetaka: miley immigration officers. new york and massachusetts had their own immigration agencies who are taking care of the law enforcement. the state immigration officers impacted the condition of immigrants, and they excluded the acceptable classes. at the same time in massachusetts in particular, fed officers are limited to charitable institutions. when they discovered foreign-born inmates there, they deported back to europe. >> and you supported these measures? hidetaka: the natvivisits. diversemericans were groups of people. middle-class people detected the poverty and catholicism