stages but nautilus mining company report the contract in place with the island nation of papoa, nu guineahere is how it works. a collection machine on the sea bed breaks up the top layer of the ocean floor and pumps a semi-liquid or slurry up to the production ship. there the ore and water are separated and brought to land. "techknow" contacted nautilus minerals on the situation but they declined to grant our interview. here is phil torres off the coast of coast costa rica. >> how can working with academics ensure that's done responsibly? >> it's absolutely essential to have academia monitoring the works of industry. industry 's motivation is for profit. the results of not doing it that way are huge fines which cut into their profits. >> it was the discovery of hydrothermal stleants gained the interest of mining companies. high temperatures quickly cool forcing a chemical reaction between sea water and rocks causing metals like copper gold silver and zinc to form mineral deposits on the sea bed. cindy van dover was the first to verify the existence of hydrotherm am vents. >> the discovery