the author, nyberg, the author of dance with the furies, world war i. and the national security affairs at the marine core staff college. and katrina, a lectorrer in the united kingdom. michael nyberg, since we're commemorating the beginning of the world war, rather than it's end, did anybody contemplate the possibility for introduction that was emerging in the summer of 1914? >> i don't think so. i think if you could having fast forwarded it to show the leaders of the world they were creating, i don't think that any of them would make the decision to go to wash. they had in enter minds a shorter conflict, hopefully something to be resolved in months, and not putting them in a conflict. the introduction of the four major monarchies in europe. >> professor, were they fighting a 19th century war with 20th century tools? >> . >> well, it may have started out that way, because there had not been a major war in europe for almost a century. you had some individual affairs like the franco prussian war dragged on a bit. but it was over quickly. the crimine war