thinks of itself as, first of all, the true form of the religion. yt >> by apocalyptic expectation, i mean that some group has a... an apocalupsis in greek-- a revelation that god is going to finally solve the problem of injustice, unrighteousness, evil in the world, by totally eradicating the evil. that's the terrible price of apocalypse; there's going to be %gzm totally eradicating evil-- and we, the good, whoever we are, are going to live with god, be it heaven on earth, or earth in heaven, forever, in justice and holiness and righteousness. >> among the dead sea scrolls, we hear not of just one messiah, but at least two messiahs. some of their writings talk about a messiah of aaron, a priestly figure who will come to restore the temple at jerusalem to its proper purity and worship of god. but there's also a messiah of david that is a kind of kingly figure who will come to lead the war. >> the qumran scrolls reveal a variety of scenarios for... for the end of days. the best known one, perhaps, is the scroll called "the war of the sons of light ag

we are also concerned regarding the conclusion of the commission of inquiry of the existence of crimes against humanity. argentina has been maintaining this council and in other forms the concern of nuclear and ballistic missile programs in the dprk. and the risk these bring to the stability of the peninsula and the region as well as its applications on international peace and security. situations such as this recall to us of the importance of diplomatic means, negotiations political negotiations for which reason all parties and his counsel should redouble efforts to relaunch dialogue with the name of bringing out a definitive resolution and a clear priority of declaring the peninsula free of nuclear weapons. as we see it, the government of the dprk must protect and ensure the human rights of their population. thank you very much. >> i think the representative of argentina for that statement. i give the floor to the representative of the russian federation. >> thank you, mr. president. we were against the initiative of convening today's meeting. we consider that it could lead to negati

in terms of loss of life of japanese troops of well along the way, so they're finally forced out by22. >> my question is, you had mentioned that the british had made a request for the japanese to send troops to the western front. the japanese were trying to impress the western allies. and i've always wanted to know this, why didn't they send portugal divisions to the western front? i always wondered why the japanese couldn't put together an expeditionary force. >> you know, the why should they means, let's participate in this to the degree that we can, to show that we are a part of the great power, sort of winning side. okay. you're doing that with the navy already from the beginning. it's fairly painless. it's not absolutely painless, but the japanese lose six ships during the entire war, and it's all in the asia-pacific. they lose, as i said, 70-some-odd sailors in the mediterranean. it would have been a much different story if they'd sent troops. there's no inkling from the beginning, no will to send any troops to europe. regard to compare the japanese participation in the europe

the author of "the unjust judge" made much of this type of change of heart, describing taney as failing to live up to his early ideals as well as those of the nation's founders. in hid analysis, he said that african-americans, contrary to taney's assertion, had been included in the political community at the time of the founding. but more than an academic criticism of taney's reasoning in the dred scott came in t, "t unjust judge" constituted a rhetorical assault on the character of the nation's fifth chief justice. the author excoriated taney as a malevolent old man engaged in the most nefarious of purposes, a man has untrue to the principles of the christian religion as he was to the ideals of the constitution. in his perversion of the law and of judgment among men." the evolution in the response from the republican republicans was cleared from being hooted down the page of history to being condemned to hell for the decision, to being worse than the worst judge in the history of the english-speaking world, to being next to pontius pilate, the worst to ever occupy the seat of judgment

nationalism and wars of liberation and all of that are one of the most important stories of the 20th century. but wilson's peace plan i think does sort of linger at home. roosevelt, as we have heard, of course, was assistant secretary of the navy during the first world war. he was determined to avoid some of the mistakes that wilson had made. but he also evoked wilson's memo memory. in march of 1945, roosevelt returned and he immediately went to address the american congress to explain to them what had gone on at the cry meeian conference and to ask for support. the speech is remarkable for a number of reasons. it's the first time he made mention of his disability. 'polgized to the congress for sitting down while he made his speech. he said that after the 14,000 mile journey, he couldn't bare the weight of the leg braces on his legs. he had never talked about that before. but then as he related what had happened at the conference, he asked for the support of the congress. and he made reference to the ghosts of the past. he said at the end of his speech, 25 years ago, american fightin

it means breaking the hold of kind of rule of thumb, of craft traditions, of worker solidarity, of thisf , of t intricate nuance you know, ce quite subtle system of social trol control that workers had over ov each erother, and over their work,ir wor right? he would say that workers, not the managers pre-scientific ma management, not thena owners are the ones controlling the shop e floor, right? it's wasteful and causesu10( laziness and soldiering. and it's not in5úñ thew[6 workers' best interests. best interests.telligen this is why you need the educated manager to prove as he did at bethlehem steel, or mid vail steel -- he tells that story of his own struggles with his friends, right? to to get them to work harder. and and the threats that7p subject to right? the intimation of violence lence against him for trying to get tryin them to speeg d up, and become more productive.uuz so that is his own personal story, moves right into this tract in scientific management. so he's arguing with, we want to think about it that way he's arguing with owners and corporations. he's also arguing with

the valois dukes of burgundy established one of the strangest and most extravagant courts of late medieval europe. from their base in burgundy, by marriage and diplomacy, they acquired large areas of the netherlands to build an extensive, though fragmented state of vast wealth. in 1404, duke philip the bold died at the stag inn near brussels. 20 years earlier his royayal sculptors had begun work on philip's tomb. one of them carved these images of the funeral procession which transported his body back to burgundy. clothed in the habit of a carthusian monk philip's embalmed body was sealed in a lead coffin and carried in a funeral cortege whh took nearly seven weeks to wind the 250 miles from brussels to dijon. accompanied by his sons, his chaplains, and members of his royal court the hearse was drawn by six horses in black with the blue banners of burgundy fluttering at its corners. at dijon, it was received not only by the weeping clergy but by 100 chosen townspeople and 100 poor also clad in black at the duke's expense. as with the other great royal and ducal rituals of the later middle

again, and ticket of of the wealth of these islands at the time -- indiciative of the wealth of these cities at this time. this was the wealthiest city in english america. you look today, you see nothing other than what looks like a bay, but this was port royale. very much the wild west of english america, port royal jamaica, and in 1692 it suffered a tidal wave in which something very much like a tsunami in which the entire place was buried in most of the population killed. it has underwater one of the most important cataclysmic archaeological sites. you have a moment in time preserved, a unique moment in time. you can see skeletons of people running toward the door. and obviously, all of their belongings were preserved. it is the largest collection of pewter we found anywhere in the north american colonies. most people would have been eating off wood at the time. this is the grave of one very fortunate survivor who existed literally in an air bubble for something like 40 minutes during this horrendous episode and lived to tell the story. by the time the american revolution, it was v

one of the key factors of the fall of the soviet empire. the united states will have a manufacturing renaissance at the same time that the bad guys will go broke. china will take over the world. at demographic time bomb. bomb. i was in china, beijing in the spring. a beautiful, sunny day. when. when i go to central park what do i see one little boy child is three years old and for them is sometimes six hovering adults. those adults are looking at that little child. little emperors. the chinese have a much higher percentage. i have three sons and two daughters and can tell you, boys who have nothing to do, the girlfriend, the maid, they are, they are in trouble. that is where china is headed. they don't have a significant population. economy is on the downside. the chinese are looking at not only a time a time when they we will have demographic problems, six adults hovering over the way amber, demographic problems with the aging population, demographic problems, and they are going to have social unrest problems because they cannot keep the l

of christ.he art historian kathleen weil-garris brandt sees leonardo's frustrated ambition as part of a larger story. most of us have some sort of mental image of leonardo's last supper, and yet, as is true with some other famous artistic projects of the renaissance, as we approach more closely, we discover that the actual work survives only in part. it's often difficult to reconstruct the artist's intention, to know what the work was to look like, to grasp the setting for which it was created. what remains to us of leonardo's masterpiece is slowly being revealed to us by the painstaking work of conservators here. and yet the painting has suffered so much damage over the centuries that it is bound to remain a ghost of its form%r visual splendor-- compelling, evocative, but also elusive. it makes a poignant visual metaphor for the fragmented image of the renaissance that's come down to us, and it also serves to remind us of the insuperable practical difficulties that sometimes separated an act of

the infallibility of the rule of law. that is what eventually wins out. latino catholics, protestants, evangelicals and latter day saints had vested interests in passing immigration reform. they were incapable of overcoming this narrative that is comprised the history of latino immigration for centuries. the rule of law and chives of civil religion over compassion to the stranger won out. his interpretations of latino immigration by stressing virtuous, hard-working narratives of immigrants past, the sanctity of the family, and how immigration itself acts as a onolith for how this country has been built all were nterweave to buy these activists into impassioned pleas to treat latino immigrants humanely and with dignity. these groups did not take into consideration, or did not fully reconcile the rate at which the dominant culture and its political surrogate has in securing their own mythic narrative. the gop today is essentially a party anchored by older whites. these religious leaders are viewed as elites and activists, o

we are also concerned regarding the conclusion of the commission of inquiry of the existence of crimes against humanity. argentina has been maintaining this council and in other forms nuclear andof ballistic missile programs in the dprk. and the risk these bring to the stability of the peninsula and the region as well as its applications on international peace and security. situations such as this recall to us of the importance of diplomatic means, negotiations, political negotiations for which reason all parties and his counsel should redouble efforts with thech dialogue name of bringing out a definitive resolution and a clear priority of declaring the peninsula free of nuclear weapons. as we see it, the government of the dprk must protect and ensure the human rights of their population. thank you very much. >> i think the representative of argentina for that statement. i give the floor to the representative of the russian federation. >> thank you, mr. president. we were against the initiative of convening today's meeting. we consider that it could lead to negative consequences from t

but i think that's a nice sort of reflection of how -- of our -- of the critical interdependence of unitedstates and japan after the first world war. >> one more? >> that is a good segue into something -- i was looking at the graphic of the surrender of singtau, the fall of the philippines and dutch indies of 1942 and how those prisoners were treated. >> right. >> i'm curious the fate and treatment both in terms of the actual mechanics of the surrender and treatment of them in prisoner of war camps. among the thousands of germans that fell prisoner to the japanese during the first world war. >> well, this is a wonderful sort of episode in german/japanese relations that both sides like to recall. that's just -- let's don't go to the -- let the story go to the 1930s but let's talk about the first world war where, yes, 3,000 german troops are basically transported to japan. and they're put in various camps, makeshift camps because the japanese weren't intending or they hadn't planneded on what was going on. some in temple grounds and elsewhere, treated fairly well. and from the japanese persp

and turned the tide of the war of 1812. but the fort continued to make history for years to come playing an important role in the civil war, world war i and beyond. next, american history tv explores the history of ft. mchenry after the star-spangled banner. >> my name is vince vase, chief of interpretation at ft. mchenry national monument and historic shrine. one of the most asked questions we get are large cannons like the one i'm standing behind, the ones that are used to fight off the british back during the war of 1812 and, of course, the answer is no. these guns were manufactured during the american civil war. a little bit more than 50 years after the war of 1812. just shows the great layeredness of history that ft. mchenry has. the history actually begins with the words of francis scott key. but the fort has made really direct contributions to practically every american war since the war of 1812 right up until our own present time. and in the very unique way that americans bond with the national anthem, bond with the

of substance footholds of reality just enough to convince us of the reality itself of the painting. and we follow. we follow because we've been given that first foundation that we believe in. tintoretto's spirituality is a spirituality that is predicated upon realizing making real, what had been in effect symbolic. painting, in other words gives substance to the spirit. daniele barbaro personified the venetian union of the spiritual and the actual. he was an ordained churchman venetian nobleman, farmer and classical scholar. together with palladio he translated an ancient treatise on architecture by vitruvius and together with palladio and the painter veronese he gave those ideas form in a villa on the venetian mainland. palladio's designs for villas and churches dominated the taste of subsequent generations. his influence can be seen in country houses built in europe and the americas over the next 400 years. palladio wrote himself "this fabric is in maser "the castle belonging to "the magnificent barbaro brothers. "there is a fountain behind the house "with infinite ornaments of st

it was some of these, some of those, some of these, some of those. they kept pretty good records, which is something that helped us in our efforts once they found them. everyone denied that these things went on. we had to find the evidence ourselves and a lot of it was hidden in plain sight. once they were found, it was just a treasure trove in the institutions of the smithsonian institution itself. like the reports of the army officers who were going out and one said -- i waited until the cover of darkness until the grieving family left the grave site and exhumed to the body and decapitated it and the crania is transported forth with. he waited for the cover of darkness. he saw the people breathing and burying their loved one. i waited to cover of darkness until the grieving family -- and then did this other thing. and this was an honorable enterprise for him. this was meritorious, something directed by the army's surgeon general. my word. we were doing something in 1967 that was so different from that kind of thing and that kind of thinking and whe

and gave the names of some of the captains. mcnally was, however, despite the information he was providing really hard to work with. he was disgruntled. not surprisingly his rank did not correspond with his contributions to national security. in august he boasted no country has ever entered the war with a detailed knowledge of an enemy fighting branch as ours due to my work, end quote. president wilson was rather sympathetic to this and urged action on secretary lansing who arranged a pay raise but could not get a formal promotion which led mcnally to complain to the number two in the state department it was costing the country thousands of lives and millions of dollars. mcnally's ego and erratic ways did not endear him to the americans and allies around him in zurich and doubts began to arise about his loyalty. the phenomenon of an american officer in direct personal contact with the country's enemies was kind of novel at the time. and mcnay naturlly would make r statements that could be viewed as anti-german and anti-french.

it means breaking the hold of kind of rule of thumb, of craft traditions, of worker solidarity, of thisnd of intricate nuance quite subtle system of social control that workers had over each other and over their work. right? he would say that workers not the managers pre-scientific management, not the owners are controlling the shop floor. they shouldn't be because it's wasteful. it encourages wastefulness and soldiering, and it's not in the workers' best interests. that's maybe not the worker is intelligent enough to figure out. this is why you need the educated manager to prove as he did, at bethlehem steel by in his -- he tells that story of his own struggles with his friends, right? to get them to work harder and the threats that he was subject to. the intimation of violence against him for trying to get them to speed up and become more productive. so thatg.miz is his -- his own personal story moves right into this tract in scientific management. he is arguing with -- we want to think about it that way. he is arguing with owners and corporations. he is working with unions and worker

is a turn of the century kind of invention. here again is -- that is not christine frederick but that is someone who looks like christine frederick. the start in the late 19th century but take on an expert-driven advice. the new housekeeping efficiency study in home management. household engineer and professional consultant. one question we might pose here, i think it's clear how much frederick is indebted to spun like taylor. right? but how much has changed in the envisioning of the household from the time of the beacher sisters in the 1860s to this moment? what's changed and what's remained the same? nothing is every totally a break with the past, we might say. what strikes about you this? >> she has taken this idea of the scientific method and applied it to make it as efficient as possible and saving time in everything way and everything is planned out. at the end i was interested when she threw out this is why this is so important and women are leaving -- becoming mothers to join the work force and that's slil because house

the bill of rights and one to the federal government. 12 of those original copies of the bill of rights survive. and today one of them is returning to philadelphia. it will be displayed in the george hrment w. bush gallery which we are unveiling and previewing today in a beautiful new exhibit constituting liberty and the declaration of independence to the bill of rights that will open to the public later this year. this display of the bill of rights is made possible thanks to an historic agreement between the queftsdz of pennsylvania and the new york public library. and governor corbit and tony marks, president of the new york public library are here with us tonight. the exhibit which you will see after the show is thrilling. it includes a stone declaration of independence lent to us by david ruben tine as well as the first public printing of the constitution. and the exhibit tells the story about how the rights that were promised in the declaration were implicit in the constitution and were finally codified in the bill of rights. it includes an exciting interactive which we produced wi

of 1864 to april of 1865. it pitted two of the greatest generals in american history directly against each other. robert e lee and ulysses s. grant. it was waged by two of the finest armies of americans that have ever been raised, the resilient federal army of the potomac and the hard-hitting confederate army of northern virginia. those were the antagonists, which had grappled for the entire war, were reinforced with several newer armies that have been created only in 1864. serving in those armies were senior subordinates who had figured prominently in earlier battles such as gettysburg and antietam, which are so familiar to all of us here tonight. these officers include such prominent northern commanders as george g meade, winfield scott hancock, and david and greg, and such senior southern soldiers as richard suwell and ap hill. with that let us summarize the siege before we assess it. petersburg, virginia, situated on the right bank of the appomattox river 20 miles due south of richmond, was militarily impo

sister of the wife of alexander hamilton.s the enter, she of thomas billing, later the first present of the bank of the united states. she was said to be the most beautiful woman of her age. madam debrehen was the sister-in-law to a scandalous bastard to america. he succeeded in offending most americans of the day. of ia causeway was the wife richard causeway. the he far right, she was wife of financier, aand hostess of her own small salon. close friends and jeffersons played prominent roles in the next phases of the french reform movement. fall of 1786, the concluded that only alternative to bankruptcy was to use taxes. the best way to do this was to form an assembly. they advised the king that these individuals would consent to levees. for the first time, they would payment.share in the otherwise, they risk losing the privileged status. the king followed the advice, the king followed the advice, and in late september 1786, he summoned a meeting of notables. jefferson looked on as lafayette was sworn in. of the corruption th

in the summer of 1916. it was kind of greeted to a lot of fanfare. these guys were sort of considered celebrities, this brand-new submarine technology, they sailed from the chesapeake pay up to baltimore where they were docked for a number of weeks. this campaign went on trying to sort of win the hearts and minds of america saying, look, you should engage in commerce with germany. actually it went over quite well until about november of 1916 when another merchant submarine, the u53 came on another good will mission. shortly after it left newport, rhode island began sinking ships just outside of territorial waters. kind of ruined its good will with the country. beginning in april 1917, the u.s. is involved in the war and shortly thereafter, the u-boat threat starts to come to the u.s. i'm just going to talk a little bit -- there's more going on along the east coast than i'm going to mention. i'm just going to focus on the north carolina area and the particular u-boats that operated in this region. a couple of the vessels that we know are lost in that

the new york city can claim title as -- of the birthplace of the bill of rights. the other city, of course, is philadelphia. the is where this copy of bill of rights is going to be exhibited in the national constitution center. also has delphia deeper connections to the bill of rights. have of these, i think, already been mentioned. but i think they deserve repetition. first of all, the seed that became the bill of rights was in philadelphia in continental congress adopted the declaration of independence. the declaration of independence proclaims that has certain unalienable rights. bill of rights codifies promises -- the bill of rights also represents the completion of done across t was the street in independence hall during the hot summer of 1787. that, of course, was -- at the body of our constitution -- was adopted and sent to the states for ratification. when the body of the constitution was completed, those who thought that it was not complete. that the new, federal government that was created by the constitution would threaten the liberty of the people and,

one of the definitions of liberty and spirit of the laws is the opinion of each person of their security. and again you can see what he took from weimar to not respect that yes the real concern was with stability, security and order but the example of anglo-american liberal democracy suggests to strauss that these in fact could be combined with freedom and indeed social justice. >> and questioning the traditional characterization of leo strauss as being a supporter of the right, could you provide a definition of the right and the last? >> yes, maybe i can start from strauss's own definition or an attempt to define the difference between right and left. and a couple of lectures he gave unto thinkers that i describe as liberal humanism. first of all strauss says that right and left did mean something rather different and has a historical meaning that's not terribly relevant in old europe. it was the french revolution and so on and he says it's difficult in the american context to totally differentiate conservative from progressive positions. now one of the aspects of stress is generally co

the only commander sacked washauser of the third army because of the case of typhus. on the other side, if we look at joffre, we see someone who played a highly active role. parrot from issuing a host of special instructions and orders i should tell you the french official history is 144 volumes -- he showered his commanders with hundreds of personal and secret memoranda, telephone calls, orders, he used his le mans race car driver to great advantage, constantly on the road to inspect to order to encourage, and where necessary, to relieve. in fact he sat two army ten corps and 38 commission commanders in the first month of the war. some he fired because he thought they were overly pessimistic. others because he found them nervous and imprudent. but he maintained a core of loyal and aggressive army commanders. he promoted many of them because, as he said they had faith in their success and who by mastery of themselves know how to impose their will on their sbordubordinates and dominate events. he never regretted his sometimes unjustified firings. and after the war, he'

and the bill of rights codifies the promise of the declaration of independence. it codifies unalienable rights that are precious to us as americans. the bill of rights also represents the completion of the work that was done across the street in independence hall during the hot summer of 1787. that, of course, was where the body of our constitution was adopted and sent to the states for ratification. we all know the story. when the body of the constitution was completed there were those who thought that it was not complete, that the new, more powerful federal government that was created by the constitution would threaten the liberty of the people, and therefore they thought it was imperative that there be explicit guarantees of rights in the constitution. on the other hand, there were those who thought the structure of the new government framed by the constitution, limitations of federal authority and separation of powers, the system of dual sovereignty, provided better protection and sufficient protection for the rights of the people. both of those groups were p

some of you may know the story of hanukkah is the story of the miracle of this cruise of oil, found intemple. it was supposed to last one night but lasted how long? eight days. that's why we light the hanukkah menorah. it is the miracle of light. a miracle of what they were able to achieve and the only problem with.úca that is as many of us, it is not really what happened. what happened is it is a victory of the mcabees, very violent battle that existed. we know parts of that story. but there was even against jews violence that occurred. even all kinds of things that happened and what we know about is from the book of mcabees, one and two pf the story that i told of the miracle of the oil, which is such a wonderful story and one we tell our children and one that most people or so many people are familiar with. was that the creation, its belief was a creation of the rabbi several hundred years later and why did they come up with that story? precisely because of the fact they were upset and concerned about the violence of the story of the mcabees. so in order to diminish that aspect of

eight hours of work, eight hours of leisure, eight hours of sleep.'t all get that either, but it is part of a philosophy that becomes associated with henry ford. he uses his wealth for various social causes, but the amazing thing is, and this is really where we will see his interest in jews, henry ford uses some of his money to restore the good old days. imagine, and industrialist and investor would not be so interested in the good old days, but henry ford absolutely was. for example, he fought hard to revive -- we would not associate henry ford with that, but he thought square dancing was much better for america than the newfangled music and the lascivious dancers that -- dances that were overtaking america in the early 20th-century. he doesn't believe in pasteurized milk. don't try that at home. but he thinks the old ways of getting milk were much better, and so on and so forth. he restores farmhouses. he loves the mcguffey readers. anyone know what the mcguffey reader is? you ever hear of -- not if you went to school in the 19th century. [laughter

as many of the number shared the country of birth.e infantry consisted largely of memphis irish men having been formed by the 21st tennessee infantry. their particular claim to fame was it was corporal coleman of the regiment credited with shooting general skbrams mcpherson outside atlanta on the 22nd of july 1864ment the same day their color at a tennessee state museum was captured. one of oh their number recalled how the men of the regiment hero worshipped cleburne. a devotion described as amounting almost to idolotry. they were able to record that at franklin, cleburne sought out the regiment, charged if with it and died with it. another of those who died was dick cattle. his body was found in the morning of the first of december, ten feet inside the union works near the cotton gin, punctured by four bayonet wounds. just as it was, franklin impacted many who fought for the union. the records that survived for (-eujup&low us to paint a picture of the impact of battle on those left behind.=8c1q take, for example, some of the men of t

one theory is that they are sort of part of a network of what we call in law economics a way of thinking about the world and that way of thinking about the world relies on the vision of the selfish person, the egotist and i tie that back to hobbes. it's a little bit of the hobs arises and the founders were anti-hobbesian. hobbs has an egotistic view of the person. fundamentally selfish that's it. when they wake up in the morning and go to sleep they are thinking about policy and they are thinking about themselves in one way or another so it's the law of economics and bets that anisom lava personality. another is just a belief that the best way to govern a south side of democratic representation like a a market -- i find it so fantastic i have a hard time expressing it that a market is a better distributor of public goods than a kind of collective public coming together and represent a voice so as much as we can remove politics from the distribution of goods the better it is in that vision is politics and democratic politics is itself corrupt and corrupting so we should run away from that

it of rape, be it of murder,f be it of self defense part of the court's role at the end of the hearingidence to instruct the jury, educate the jury, direct the jury about the so law so that jurors can weigh the evidence and ultimately, the of question of celia's guilt s against the law as the court instructs it. i want to look at the state law and then, at the actual instructions in this case. we learn i think from this, thewhich ways in which the powerful

boehner, speaker of the house of representatives. the speaker pro tempore: pursuant to the order of the house of january 7, 2014, the chair will now recognize members from lists submitted by the majority and minority leaders for morning hour ebate. the chair will alternate recognition between the parties with each party limited to one hour and each member other than the majority and minority leaders and the minority whip but in to five minutes, no event shall debate continue beyond 11:50 a.m. the chair recognizes the gentleman from texas, mr. gallego, for five minutes. mr. gallego: thank you, mr. speaker. i rise to say thank you to the wonderful people of the 23rd district of texas who for the last two years gave me the privilege of serving as their voice here in the people's house. i'm living proof that this is a nation of opportunity and that the american dream still exists. god has blessed me in many ways. i was born into a warm and loving family. my parents taught me to work hard and respect others. i married to a wonderful wife

the eastern part of the democratic republic of congo has been the scene of some of the most perfect crimes of violence against women and girls that are imaginable. that a powerful reminder -- of the obligations we share not only for fear, but to work for a new generation of stability and hope. i want to thank their president for his personal commitment to that effort. particularly conference in the great lakes region. the foreign minister, their engagement with leaders has been and remains critical for ending , andhreat of armed groups no group poses a more immediate threat to the stability of the region of democratic forces for the liberation of rwanda. the united states continues to support a two track approach to ending the threat of stl r, which includes demobilization and robust military efforts. grace know the six-month period for six-month surrender expires january 2, just round the corner. a choice is clear. choose the path of demobilization, the international community, all of us, will welcome it. r does not make that choice, the un's peacekeeping mission must act to ensure that t

of u.s. correspondence who realized they couldn't ignore the dangers their colleagues around the world were facing. cpj's work defends the right of journals to report the news without fear of reprisal. were ever in the world in the wd journalist arafat, imprisoned, killed, kidnapped, threatened, censored or harassed, cpj takes action. when the journalists can speak for themselves, cpj speaks up on their behalf. i know this because you for coming to new york i was a journalist. cbg was the group we would run to whenever we were in trouble. cpj has played a key role in raising awareness about killings of journalist in my country and elsewhere around the world. joel is uniquely positioned to talk about how the landscape of threat has changed in the past few years. his new book, copies are available on the table in the back of the room, called "the new censorship" published by "columbia journalism review" with the columbia university press. it documents the changes that have taken place in the gl

we know of some of them. we know of long-term challenges, but i think you have to know when to leave, too. and as i said, there are just two of us in the room during these discussions, and we had some very direct and very honest relationships. i would also say that as the president has said, the president is a friend. i consider him a friend. he said that about me, which i appreciate. friends can talk plainly to each other. he's president of the united states. i serve at the pleasure of the president of the united states. but we talked as friends, we talked as americans, we talked as senior leaders for this country who both have awesome responsibility. as to any difference, referencing senator mccain, there were no major differences in any major area. sure, there are always issues of style and how you get things done and are things moving fast enough, but this country, as i've said, is well served to have a president like president obama who is thoughtful, who is careful. this is a time that a powerful nation

he was a kind of patron of tom paine in some ways. came back to america after france, jefferson was president. he was wary with being associated with paine's views on religion, so did not hang out with him much. but he helps them get a job. the two knew each other well. >> superb. is that important rule we end on time, so i'm afraid we will have to skip the remaining questions. ladies and gentlemen, during our lunch break, we will reconvene at 1:15. originalout one of the bills of rights. c-span audience, get on a train. get on a plane. if you can't make it today, this will be displayed for the next three years. ladies and gentlemen, please join me in thanking -- [applause] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] [captioning performed by national captioning institute] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2014] >> c-span live today in philadelphia for a form on the bill of rights. the moderator, james rosen, is the president a

if you can believe it, of the 254 counties in texas -- and we have a slew of counties, some of them are very small and some of them have, like, five million people like harris county and some have less than a hundred -- but of those 254 counties, no democrat could be found who was willing to put their name on the ballot to run for county judge which is the chief elected official in county government in texas. no democrat could be found in 165 of the 254 counties. the end result come november is that, basically, roughly 200 of the 254 counties now have a republican county judge. heading up county government. total, total shiftover from what we saw back in the '60s and the '70s. then came the primary, and two things bad happened for the democrats in their primary. we have an open primary. we don't register by party in texas, so anyone had the opportunity if they were so inclined to go vote in the democratic primary. well, the first problem was in 22 small counties, they couldn't find anyone to hold a primary. and so voters in those 22 -- in texas it's the responsibility of the political p

of the crime of torture.t is a very clear obligation according to the convention. >> what about your findings at guantanamo? can you talk about what is happened in the united states over this period since 2001. president obama, closing guantÁnamo was one of his first exec at a borders within a year -- of course, that hasn't and it's well over six years later. >> on a positive note, the u.s. delegation recognized that the convention and its absolute prohibition against torture also applies to extra territories outside the u.s. where the u.s. has government authority. and that this includes guantÁnamo. so first and foremost, there is no doubt that the prohibition against torture also applies for guantÁnamo detainees. hasver, the committee raised concern about the continued indefinite detention in guantÁnamo. apparently, a number of hunger strikes that are implemented by the detainees in protest of the detention conditions and certainly, also, the procedures that are made official of how hunger strikers are forc

you had a kind of buildup of tensions. something like a bilateral system of alliances. the war being eventually somehow somehow kind of set in stone in the cards, there was a burgeoning inevitability about it. this arms race between britain and germany people used to focus on the naval race that is the building race. this tradition lingered on really into the '90s even with some works. i'm thinking of one by robert massey who is a fantastic writer who's very much in the barbara tuchman tradition in his book called elegantly and simply enough, dreadnaught. and his book was kind of about this story. britain and germany drifting apart and then eventually producing this kind of cataclysmic thing. it's a very, very stubborn tradition to dislodge. there are some serious problems with it, however. to begin with, it just doesn't really fit the facts. to take the british german naval race in particular.h<ç i was in germany a couple of times earlier this year. at one of these events i was introduced by an historian called dominique gephardt. he had done his doctoral work as we wo

but the chairman of the committee, a man by the name of george mahan of texas, chairman of the full committee, tested her in getting the chairmanship and test her as a new chairman. the first time she comes to the full committee with -- with her bill for interior and related agencies, which is hundreds and hundreds of millions of dollars, it's a big appropriations bill, he says to her, julia, this is great, but you got to cut $2 million out of it. and she kind of looked at him and she said, yes, mr. chairman, she left. she went back to her subcommittee and she comes back a couple days later to the full committee and she says, mr. chairman, i want to report back to you, i found $2.5 million to cut out of the bill. julia, that's just wonderful. wherever did you find it? right out of your district, mr. chairman. and he never bothered her again. martha griffiths, who was a power in her own right, said of julia hansen that she knew how to exercise power better than any woman who she had seen in any legislature and coming from martha griffiths, that's high praise. so, here we have a campaign postca

just beat the hell out of all of us. i will tell you that sam hood has lots of supporters. i went on amazon right before i came. there were 60-some odd comments and 44 gave him either a five-star or four-star rating. people who have felt that john hood has been maligned unfairly, that he deserves better and that if it was a failed campaign -- which sam hood acknowledges that maybe john bell hood has been wronged by historians. all i'll say is that what we historians do though. we take historic events and figures, we interpret the past and there is conflicting interpretations and if it were not so, to be honest with you, history would not be much fun. so i'm glad to have you here and hope you enjoy the festivities for the rest of the day. thank you. >>> it is a pleasure to be here as we commemorate the sesquicentennial of the civil war and particularly the middle tennessee campaign of 1864. it is good, it is an honor to be on the program with these distinguished gentlemen who have been studying the civil war for many year

if you think of the callousness of that. the veterans who are sexually assaulted here and not brought, and that is also the cause. call waiting,, a michael. go ahead. thank you for letting me call in. i would like to tell you a problem that no one understands. corpsmen.-tour navy i, world war ii, korea, vietnam, afghanistan, the governmentwar, our is well aware of what is causing post-traumatic stress disorder. don't let anybody fool you. you cannot put people on continual rotations, four and without itx times affecting them severely. our government will knows that. you can have all the psychiatrist and all the hoopla and all the money spent to determine why we get post-traumatic stress. that is the major cause. bring back the draft. our people served in the military. that is what ended in vietnam. draft in not have a vietnam, we probably would still be there. because so many people were being drafted that they said, no, i'm not going to go. you bring back the draft and make everybody serve, not just 1%. host: making the poi

of us i think of noted, this isn't part of the war, a struggle of ideas. we do a very bad job of pushing back. one of the things that's interesting in early 2000, the saudi could effectively with defectors from al-qaeda in the arabian peninsula this gave the defectors a forum to speak about their time in al-qaeda. tv interviews. we do have people, i mean, i know this because i know their names and i know the locations. with people that have gone the street and come back to the united states and are completely disillusioned. they believed that what -- they were sold a bill of goods. this is a bad used-car salesman deal that they got to go over and fight with jihadists. what they found they didn't like. that stuff is not coming out y yet. >> why don't the tv networks -- i should think -- >> i don't think our law enforcement agencies have been willing to identify those people spent why don't those people go volunteer if -- are they afraid? >> that's a good question. it sends out a counter message that all the propaganda we are hearing on the news is not, it's

author of "the sense of style," discusses how to improve the quality of our writing. professor pinker says while texting and the internet are putting for developing bad writing habits, writing well has always been a difficult task. the event was held at barnes & noble booksellers in new york city. it is just over an hour. >> good evening, ladies and gentlemen. welcome to barnes & noble. i am pleased to welcome tonight's guest, professor steven pinker from the department of psychology at harvard here to introduce his new book, "the sense of style" -- "the sense of style" on trade "the sense of style: the thinking person's guide to writing in the 21st century." it has garnered multiple accolades among them he was being named foreign-policy list of 100 global thinkers in times the hundred most influential people in the world today. please join me in welcoming steven pinker and "the sense of style." >> thank you. why is so much writing so back? how can we make it better? and why do we have to decipher so much legalese like the revocation by these regulations of the previo

so there's a pace that is not, it's lack of a seasons of urgency. of a sense of urgency.y fundamental question. what will you do to utilize the resources available to you, secretary jewell, to accelerate is pace of indian water rights agreement and to create an institutional framework for these things into future administrations? and let me just point out that out of the 12 federal regions,11 of these regions have identified, the tribes in those regions have identified indian water rights as one of their top four issues, 11 of the 12 regions, so appreciate the consideration. thank you. >> thank you very much for the question, and you're absolutely right. we're in real trouble in california. we are in regular contact with the state ask the governor's office -- and the governor's office. the bureau of reclamation is very much involved, and my colleague, mike connor, deputy secretary of the d. of interior is an indian water rights lawyer. he is working very closely not just with capitol hill and the states and the bureau of reclamation, but also with tribal leadership on doi

there's a lot of criticism of this kind of financial aid approach because they say that it's sort of awarding money to the students that need it the least. >> host: so compare how prevalent it is to the need-based financial aid. how big -- >> guest: the need-based age is the bigger piece of pie but i think it is something like i can't recall the number but ten or 20%. but that is the money at the margin that makes a difference for a lot of students and where they decided to go to school and it also makes a difference in some cases for the college the colleges and whether they can get the students. but they are spending a lot of money on this financial aid right now, and in some cases they are spending as much, taking as much as 45% of the revenue that come into the tuition and other sources and putting it back out as financial aid and that isn't a very sustainable business model. >> host: randy is waiting on the line. good morning. >> caller: good morning. i have a few points to make. i am also from the iowa and i'm the youngest of six. in the year that i went in the tuition was arou