but okinawa does fall. and the japanese high command very quickly realizes what's most likely next on the agenda. the invasion of the home islands. so how do they prepare? for this possibility? >> the japanese are going to provide 1.7 million people estimated to defend the islands. along with whatever area enforcements they have left and pretty much bring everything back to the main land, and pretty much have an all-out fight. hopefully to repel the americans, which really is kind of hopeless at this point. >> yeah. militarily, it's a challenge at best. what they're going to do is, try to bring home as many troops as they can. remember, throughout the majority of the asian pacific war, most japanese soldiers are in china, not on the islands defending against the americans. so they're doing their best, despite the american submarine and air blockade, to bring troops home from china. to defend the home islands. and as we talked about earlier during the q & a, they're going to arm the civilian population. or t

it's affecting okinawa with fierce winds and heavy rains, 53 millimeters of rain has fallen in 24 hours least five people have been injured. all ferry services to and from mainland okinawa have been shut down and many flights have been canceled or delayed today. now, the system has brought 127-kilometre-per-hour winds. more than that in kasari and heavy rain is battling mainland kyushu, 383 millimeters in parts of miyazaki. the center of the system is moving away from the okinawa islands, but kyushu will continue to deal with stormy conditions for the next couple of days because nakori is a huge system and it will continue to move at a slow pace. the stormy conditions will linger for the next couple of days. in this location. this system will likely become a tropical storm within the next couple of days and then affect the korean peninsula by early next week. but this area will continue to see upwards of 300 millimeters of rainfall. so flood something going to be a very high concern. and if you look at the south, there's another area of rain emerging from the bottom of the screen. this

when is okinawa?pril. >> so, remember, history has lived forward even though it's written backward. in april of 1945 nobody knows for sure if this thing is going to work. and also as we'll discuss in a little more detail further on, it's not really certain what the japanese response to the atomic bomb or atomic bombs is going to be. is this going to be a war winner by itself? most of the american leadership doesn't think so. it's a useful tool in that direction, but it's not necessarily going to win the war by itself. so the american planners, the american military, political leadership are proceeding under the assumption that japan has to be defeated through conventional means, and that includes capturing okinawa as an advanced air base and anchorage air base for the bombing of japan and for the support of the invasion fleet that most americans believe is inevitable. does that answer your question? >> yes, sir. >> very good. anybody else? >> you mentioned there were 180,000 civilian army members peri

but okinawa does fall. and the japanese high command very quickly realizes what's most likely next on the agenda. the invasion of the home islands. so how do they prepare? for this possibility? >> the japanese are going to provide 1.7 million people estimated to defend the islands. along with whatever area enforcements they have left and pretty much bring everything back to the main land, and pretty much have an all-out fight. hopefully to repel the americans, which really is kind of hopeless at this point. >> yeah. militarily, it's a challenge at best. what they're going to do is, try to bring home as many troops as they can. remember, throughout the majority of the asian pacific war, most japanese soldiers are in china, not on the islands defending against the americans. so they're doing their best, despite the american submarine and air blockade, to bring troops home from china. to defend the home islands. and as we talked about earlier during the q & a, they're going to arm the civilian population. or t

also in okinawa, thursday evening, seeing the precipitation come down. thursday meaning, saw 100-kilometer winds come thr the front part of the system. the s continue to track off toward north. it is very calm in the cente but those winds extend out f it, so, that's going to slow push off the backside of it throughout midday hours, if you're in the southern japan islands, it is going to out here. looking at winds gusting upwards, 120, 120 kilometers p hour. heavy rainfalls, as much as 20 to 250 millimeters could fal down here and also, the high waves. you want to stay away from t immediate coastal areas that i pushes through. eventually going into the weekend, also heavy showers across parts of kyushu, a fl threat here and south korea into shanghai, this has a bi reach on it shanghai could e as much as 100 millimeters o precipitation. definitely something we ar going to watch through the n several days and meanwhile, have here, on wednesday that impa moving off there toward the west. by next week, this could have typhoon. this is some to watch closely lo

and these letters at least coming from okinawa would come, maybe you would go down to the mailbox for two or three days in a row or maybe five days and there would be no letters. maybe the next day there would be one. and when he was sent overseas, he didn't know where he was headed. i didn't know where he was head ed because they zigzagged across the pacific because of the japanese, the subs. it took about six weeks he had left the first part of june and didn't get into okinawa until the last of july. and then it was another six weeks before i heard from him so to me, communication was the hardest part. and those were long, long months. of course, i had a baby girl and i was busy, but still, it was hard, very hard. and i know that's why i continued to have a dream that referred to that time in my life. >> were your letters all cut up? >> mine were so censored it was usually just dear doris or a salutation at the end. it was so chopped up. and i can't understand why the sensors had to be so rough. my husband wasn't going to tell where he was to the enemy. why did they chop them up lik

but okinawa does fall. and the japanese high command very quickly realizes what's most likely next on the agenda. the invasion of the home islands. so how do they prepare? for this possibility? >> the japanese are going to provide 1.7 million people estimated to defend the islands. along with whatever area enforcements they have left and pretty much bring everything back to the main land, and pretty much have an all-out fight. hopefully to repel the americans, which really is kind of hopeless at this point. >> yeah. militarily, it's a challenge at best. what they're going to do is, try to bring home as many troops as they can. remember, throughout the majority of the asian pacific war, most japanese soldiers are in china, not on the islands defending against the americans. so they're doing their best, despite the american submarine and air blockade, to bring troops home from china. to defend the home islands. and as we talked about earlier during the q & a, they're going to arm the civilian population. or t

and by the time it reaches okinawa, early saturday throughout the weekend with very gusty conditionswell as very heavy rain and that is likely to push into western japan the next coming days. not only will it be directly affecting japan the surrounding countries will be drenched with very heavy rainfall especially northern luzon because of the southwestern monsoonal flow being very affective. mega city manila has been already been hit with heavy flooding. no more rain is welcomed there. japan is experiencing extreme heat. temperatures will be above 35 degrees in central japan. heat advisories are posted widely here. in and around tokyo, metropolitan region it could be the hottest day of the summer so far. so please watch out for heatstroke. down below here in southern half of china. heat advisories and warnings are in place as well as thunderstorm warnings. scattered thunderstorms will be revailing across those locations. 39 degrees with plenty of sunshine. 36 in tokyo yet again forecasted for wednesday. hiroshima 28 with rain heavy at times. now let's look over to hawaii. we have tw

. >> it is the typhoon season and we have one typhoon coming our way directly heading toward okinawa. it is 120 kilometers of the island but it is already affecting the locations. it's out southwest of oak that showing the start of typhoon halong. winds have reported gusting up to 121 kilometers per hour already. and the waves will be as much as it is nearing the islands of ay. okinawa and possibly making landfall in southern kyushu as we progress through the next few days and probably making it toward tohoku but it is gusting at 200 kilometers per hour. we are likely to see the gusts of 200 kilometers per hour and the rainfall accumulations will be staggering amounts. this is not a fast-moving system. it will just be climbing the digits. looks like it is going to be bringing a lot of rainfall to shikoku again which is bad news because the flooding has not alleviated at all. that is due to the moisture from the stalled front in northern japan. it is also surging all the way to tohoku where we have reports of 200 millimeters in the past couple days. and so additional amounts of 100 mil

kayo and his family are from okinawa. some of his relatives died during the battle there in 1945. their remains have still not been found. his grandmother often told him bones are said to contain souls. we have to find them and put them to rest. >> translator: i understand the sadness of not having anything to remind us of our loved ones even if there are no remains or personal items, if there are symbolic items, it is better than nothing. it will provide emotional support. >> reporter: kayo's work has taken him to ninoshima island, about four kilometers from hiroshima. 10,000 people who were hurt in atomic bombing came here. many died and were buried in various locations. the number of victims is unknown. but the remains of 700 people have been found so far. kayo is working to find more. during this search, he unearthed a bone fragment. he took it to the lab and examined it with anatomy professor takahiro satoda. >> translator: it's hard to say if it's from the right or the left leg, but judging by its size i think it's highly likely this is a human bone. >> reporter: residents o

okinawa, the winds have been gusting strong.ill be weakening, but not before it pounds the korean peninsula. upwards of 250 millimeters. and then we have halong. this will likely become a typhoon. this one heads to the north and west, but plenty of time because of its slow movement to watch, as it will eventually be impacting with okinawa once again. looks like it's headed for japan. >> okay. ivan, we'll watch it, thank you very much indeed. >>> that does it this hour for cnn's special coverage. cnn's "new day" is up next after this short break. >>> breaking new this morning. silence over gaza. a 72-hour cease-fire between hamas and israel has begun. will it last? what happens when the 72 hours end? we are live with what's happening right now. >>> two patients infected with the deadly ebola virus. they will soon arrive to america from africa. where will they go? we are live with the latest developments. >>> a dangerous journey. today, for investigators of malaysia

it's packing gusts of 200 kilometers per hour and is and very strong winds as well as waves across okinawa. also gusts about 200 kilometer per hour. they will see 200 millimeters of rainfall. it's surging where the flooding has killed several people and the warm moist is over the salt front from eastern china through the korean peninsula. south of this system will see heavy rainfall. we have reports of 170 millimeters across tahoku. these areas are prone to flooding. landslides, mudslides, these are very huge concerns. enough rainfall that could trigger further flooding. tokyo will be very hot again at 34 degrees. a lot of heat advisories in place in central japan. with the upper cold air combined, unstable conditions. we may see afternoon and evening thunder showers. let's talk about europe where the forest fires. it's hot and dry. this is what happened. sweden, this is. smoke produced by one of the largest wildfires in recent history in sweden which hampers efforts to put out the blaze. looks like the similar conditions will remain in place. it's going to be very difficult for those resc

and these letters at least coming from okinawa would come, maybe you would go down to the mailbox for two or three days in a row or maybe five days and there would be no letters. maybe the next day there would be one. and when he was sent overseas, he didn't know where he was headed. i didn't know where he was head ed because they zigzagged across the pacific because of the japanese, the subs. it took about six weeks he had left the first part of june and didn't get into okinawa until the last of july. and then it was another six weeks before i heard from him so to me, communication was the hardest part. and those were long, long months. of course, i had a baby girl and i was busy, but still, it was hard, very hard. and i know that's why i continued to have a dream that referred to that time in my life. >> were your letters all cut up? >> mine were so censored it was usually just dear doris or a salutation at the end. it was so chopped up. and i can't understand why the sensors had to be so rough. my husband wasn't going to tell where he was to the enemy. why did they chop them up lik

we are tracking typhoon now off of okinawa. it has passed over the island. let me go straight to a video to show you the conditions there. this is coming off the islands during the evening hours when the center of the typhoon was pushing overhead. power outages reported on the islands, people are still remaining out of power and gusted up to 170 kilometers per hour, 120 millimeters of rain fell in total already. now, meanwhile, further north in the amally islands, residents getting ready for the incoming typhoon. the bigger threat from this storm will be further north in kyushu where heavy rain will likely continue. the gusts and the storm surges, the high tide all combined will be bringing coastal flooding and some location and the gusts are going to be about 200 kilometers per hour in the center of this. possibly making landfall over southern kyushu by overnight friday and making its way toward shish cocoa by saturday. what it is going to bringing this amount of rainfall on top of we already have seen. some areas exceeded 1,000, 400 millimeters of rainfall

. >> analysts say the base relocation will be the biggest issue in okinawa's gubernatorial election this november. >>> >>> japanese government officials are considering how to handle relations with russia. they're assessing ties after russian forces started exercises on islands claimed by japan. more than 1,000 personnel started drills on tuesday on etorofu and kunashiri. they're two of four russian-held islands claimed by japan. japanese call the islands the northern territories. the japanese government maintains they are an inherent part of japan's territory. it says they were illegally occupied after world war ii. u.s. officials have lent their support. state department spokesperson, marie harf, says the united states recognizes japanese sovereignty over the islands. japanese prime minister shinzo abe said the drills are totally unacceptable, and government officials launched a strong protest. abe has been building a personal relationship with russian president vladimir putin. putin is scheduled to visit japan in the autumn, but some government officials believe the trip will have to

we look into the latter part of the week that is when we are going to look out for influences into okinawa heading into the weekend. we do not need more rain. some areas will be dealing with 300 to 400 millimeters of rainfall in a 24-hour period. central eastern japan seeing dry and hot weather. 34 degrees expected for tuesday. seoul dealing with the remnants that drifted into a frontal system. in manila dealing with rain coming up for tuesday. let's take a look at the forecast in europe. the low pressure system responsible for causing lots of problems has all but dissipated. we have a cold front bringing in wet weather. australia 3 centimeter diameter hail. looks like more rain for the central and western portions of europe. temperatures from 22 in paris to 24 in berlin and a chance for it into vienna. we have a ridge building bringing very hot temperatures. 35 degrees in kiev for monday. we look into the middle of the week way above average for helsinki and kiev and stockholm. definitely dangerous heat. make sure you are taking precautions. >>> let's take a look at north america. we have

. >>> japanese defense authorities have began drilling in the waters off okinawa. the authorities are drilling into rock and coral reef. they will drill at 21 locations along the coast. they plan to push earth into the water. the plan site includes parts of the u.s. marine corps -- more than 100 residents and members of civic groups opposed to the protests. ten years ago -- the officials want to better protect the remote islands. they say their budget requests for fiscal 2015 will effect policy guidelines. they want to improve the capability to respond quickly to invasion of remote islands and retake them. they will ask for financing to buy about five fighter jets. they plan to buy around four patrol planes made in japan and want three unmanned surveillance aircraft. the officials want to build another ship built with the missile defense system. a senior ministry official says thebage request would exceed defense spending of about roughly $48 billion. >>> the japanese government has lifted an evacuation order for part of a village near fukushima daiichi. some peopl

it could upgrade into a very strong status before it hits okinawa by wednesday evening. not only the indirect -- the direct effect but the indirect effect will keep on accumulating the rainfall especially due to the slow pace. taiwan will also be targeted. so surrounding countries as well as the surge of the moisture in towar towards shoe co cue and temperatures are as follows. i leave you now for your extend forecast. >>> we'd like to remind you of up with of our stories this hour. a top scientist in japan has committed suicide. we earlier reported he was in hospital getting treated but he has now -- it has been confirmed that he has died. a guard found -- hanging inside the -- center for developmental biology in kobe. the 52-year-old was the deputy director of the institute. -- apologized in april. he oversaw the compilation of papers by a -- scientist --. their work suggested a phenomenon known as -- existed. they said the method could reprogram mature animal cells into embryonic like stem cells and that those cells could be turned into any type of tissue. but scienti

the government decided to call two of the senkaku islands in okinawa prefecture nantokojima and three others -- japan controls the senkaku islands. china and taiwan claim them. the government chose the official names partly with an eye on china's growing maritime presence including in the east china sea. officials on friday posted the names on the website of the headquarters for ocean policy. the foreign ministry spokesperson claims the japanese naming undermines china's territorial sovereignty. he said the islands had already been named by the chinese government. he called japan's action illegal and invalid. in 2012, government officially named four of the senkaku islands that serve as the basis for setting the boundaries for japan's exclusive economic zone. china sharply criticized the move. >>> u.s. secretary of state john kerry has met india's prime minister with hopes that the u.s. can forge better ties with the new government. modi scored a landslide victory in the may election with a promise to push ahead with reforms. >> reporter: kerry met modi for the first time since he bec

okinawa, you'll be dealing with these effects thursday into friday. western japan, you'll feel the effects coming up by the weekend. lots of rainfall expected with this particular system. also, even though the stationary front is going to be over the area, that's going to continue to pump some more moisture into the northern portions of japan as well. so here's a look at the forecast. central japan dealing with very warm weather. low to mid-30s in that area. seoul, 30 degrees with a chance for some rain and also down toward the south in the philippines monsoonal rains will be bringing rainfall into your area. some people wading through chest-deep water in manila because of the heavy rainfall. let's turn our attention to the eastern pacific. we have two tropical systems setting its sights toward hawaii. first, we're talking about azel. you notice the characteristic eye has all but disappeared. the reason is because it is weakening. it is hitting colder waters. so it's taking away some of the gas it needs to stay strong. the good news is, it is going to

but let me first start off with this one that is heading over towards okinawa.is a strong typhoon now. it was a very strong typhoon. so it did downgrade a little bit, but it could intensify again into a very strong status, packing gusts of about 200 kilometers per hour or even 216 by the time it reaches the southwestern islands of japan. so start to see the high waves about 7 meters or 10 meters by your thursday. and then by saturday, it looks like it will be moving into western locations where the flooding conditions not yet alleviated at all. so very bad news for the dumps of water. again, not only it is going to be directly affecting japan, but the surrounding countries will also see rainfall accumulation because the system is pretty slow. we already have reports of severe flooding in the mega city of the philippines. but again targeted with heavy torrents of rainfall. and not only that, we're feeling extreme heat across central locations of japan. heat advisories, 26temperaturesp to 35 or more. tokyo has seen the hottest day of the year so far. the condition

this will past to the east of okinawa and approach the southern tip of japan as we head into late thursdayriday morning, likely as an equivalent category 1 hurricane. a very busy time across the global tropics. i'm meteorologist eric fisher. cbs news. >>> straight ahead. break out the keg, we'll reveal the country's number one party schools. glass on floors. daily chores. for the little mishaps you feel use neosporin to help you heal. it kills germs so you heal four days faster. neosporin. buy three johnson & johnson first aid products and get a free bag. buy three johnson & johnson first aid products something happens when you giveair.r hair... you get a natural look without the gray. only just for men has airactiv. the only technology that uses oxygen in the air to get rid of gray while leaving the natural variations in your hair. no ammonia. no peroxide. no overcoloring. just air... just you... and the look you want. just for men. work hard for you.. give them the edge they deserve... new edge, from osteo bi-flex® with joint shield™ helps strengthen your joints.° it works as hard for yo

they have ignored protests and have begun placing buoys off the coast of okinawa. they're marking the area where the bases will be built. thousands of people live around futenma air station, the city of ginowan. japanese and u.s. government officials agreed in 1996 to move the base. they're planning to build a new facility in an area called henoko. crews have started laying buoys offshore. defense officials plan to start drilling soon to survey the ocean floor. then they'll push earth into the water to build the base. ten years ago demonstrators forced defense officials to cancel a similar survey. so last month government officials designated the waters off henoko a restricted area, but demonstrators returned to the area in boats and canoes to protest. >>> managers at companies across japan are beginning to reinvest their businesses. in june, machinery orders rose for the first time in three months but overall figures for the april to june quarter show a steep drop. officials at the cabinet office said major machinery makers received orders worth about $7.3 billion

. >> this is a picture of me on okinawa. >> reporter: renee was 22 years old in 1941 when the japaneseacked pearl harbor. he made a commitment to serve his country then by joining the marines. eight years, three invasions, and two purple hearts were the result. renee then came back home and made a commitment of a different sort. his marriage lasting 68 years until her death a few years ago. it should have been no surprise then to the people of st. anthony's dining hall in san francisco's tenderloin district that when renee showed up in the late '90s to volunteer, he'd be with them for quite some time. >> going on 17 years. >> reporter: although renee wasn't all that sure. >> i'm wondering what i'm going to get into. of course, the first thing they put me on pouring drinks. i've been pouring drinks ever since. >> reporter: a lot of drinks. the st. anthony's staff did some back of the napkin math recently and figured renee, volunteering two days a week, have poured some 3 million drinks over the years for the city's less fortunate. >> hi, teresa, how are you? >> reporter: renee's true va

it's all the way down the line this is enough this would be these a list of just the right crimes in okinawa. and that would probably my would probably be quibbling to a twenty four store story building so how many of these. get investigated properly do you believe i mean what happened in your case properly well say for example since the one nine hundred fifty s. there's been about two hundred thousand crimes and accidents that have been caused by united states military service men. and in my case. you know nobody wanted to help me nobody wanted to listen and the united states military has claimed and has but i mean to me told the entire world that they are a zero tolerance to rape cases. and they're helping victims but that is completely the opposite they have not helped to me at all it wasn't international disabled as for breaking a set that's next. baltimore is considering making their curfew for minors even stricter for the last twenty years children caught on the street up until midnight were in deep trouble with the police but now this will be made even earlier starting at nine or ten

a prototype of that program was tried out in okinawa with horrendous effects on okinawans.ow in june 1945, on both sides in tokyo and washington, there were important meetings. mr. truman was very concerned about the issue of casualties and the invasion of japan, called a white house meeting, reviewed the plans, and interestingly, only authorized olympic -- the november '45 operation. he did not authorize coronet. he held an advance approval of that. in japan, there was an equally important meeting. an imperial conference, which is to say one held before the emperor. at this conference, which was essentially sort of a kabuki affair, because the emperor does not actually participate in such matters, they affirmed their policy of fighting to the end without thought of surrender. now, in the course of preparing for that, staff officers prepared papers to review what the situation was. one of the aspects about those papers that i want to highlight to you is this. when i wrote "downfall" -- when i was reading those papers, i realized what they were really saying, even if ketsugo

iwajima, okinawa. 12 weeks, 50,000 u.s. casualty, 90,000 japanese.you thought this was going to be a rehearsal for invading japan. >>> we also weren't sure if the bomb would work consistently. it went off once. we could spend a whole course talking about the developments of the atomic bomb. we weren't sure if we tried it again if it was going to work or not. in any event, the decision was made and on august 6th, 1965, the enola gay dropped the bomb on hiroshima. war is hell. this is a picture of hiroshima after the bomb was debt nated. a colleague pwho grew up in tokyo, he lived on the fourth floor of an apartment building. he said you could see for miles. just to give you a sense of how much was wiped out. if you go to tokyo, you'll know that the city is quite densely built now. on august 9th, we dropped another atomic bomb on nagasaki. the picture on top is before, the picture on the bottom is after. on the 50th anniversary of the bombing of hiroshima, the hsmit se smithsonian eventually threw their hands up and they wanted to have a discussion of

for under miles off of okinawa. had to come and over china. so you got to a tracking station.mission control. a couple of times. there were set up. everything is ready. we did hear from them until the recovery plan was over the floating to my aid in the water. >> so dene didn't know what happened? >> nobody knew. and the first thing we got, one of the tracking planes, close enough. picked up a signal. he said everything was well. happy with that. >> a little trouble. >> right. was certainly a dramatic mission. was the first american space mission to be terminated and cut short because of an emergency and flight. >> and the decision was made simply by the astronauts on board. they didn't really have that much contact with machine control. they were immediately criticized by second guesses . when they saw -- that the vanilla's is having show. as soon as they found out to have an actual start : wasser they said, we would've done the same thing he did. he did exactly what we would've done. we would never done anything any different. they were oppressed. and then when he got in lin

you see okinawa dodging the brunt of this storm system. it's for later this week. let's take you out to the pacific ocean. the hawaiian islands sitting out to the west of hurricane iselle. we have tropical storm julio. the hawaiian islands 6400 square miles as far as the land area. pacific ocean, 64,000 miles. last time they interacted with a hurricane was 1992. looks like 22 years removed from that we're going to have another one later this week around friday. category 4, winds 215 kilometers per hour. the wave heights in front of the storm system sitting at 40 feet or 12 meters high. that's how impressive of a storm this is. hilo looks to be the first impact. the storm is expected to weaken to a category 1, maybe even a strong tropical storm. you look behind that, here goes julio. julio sitting back here. only twice in recorded history have the islands of hawaii been impacted directly by a hurricane. number three could be later friday. number four could be sometime this weekend as julio strengthens potentially back up to a category 2 as well. pretty impressive si

they were in okinawa, japan. propublica also revealed bizarre examples that went beyond move america forward using the stock image and claiming it as their own. the group also used images of other charities and tried to pass off the charitable work in the photo as their own. they sent out an e-mail including a picture of soldiers holding doublestuf oreo cookies. we think that was the picture in the e-mail from move america forward. the oreos in the e-mail were actually sent by operation oreo, a project of a church in georgia. had nothing to do with move america forward at all. move america forward tried to raise money by saying in a partnership with walter reed army medical center. according to propublica, there was no partnership with walter reed. this group gets a lot of big names to raise money for them. they hold a big event every year where people like the former vice president of the united states and his daughter, governor of texas, and a host of other major republican figures vouch for this group. they vo

we lived around the world and at one point we live in okinawa, germany and when i came back was 10 years i saw an ashtray, buddha ashtray that felt defensive because i knew he was a god. you don't make an ashtray--even at 10 i know you don't do this. our respect for other cultures we learn respect for the people when you read about them and get familiar with them and they don't seem strange and you don't have fear for them when you run into them in a dark street. >> i will direct this question to you. who is responsible for insuring more diverse books in the market place? publishers solely responsible? what about booksellers and wholesalers and distributors? where does market demand play? >> i would say everybody is responsible because everybody is part of the problem. it is such a complex problem that happens on so many levels, publishing houses are staffed primarily by white editors and so the books they are acquiring, you don't believe the diverse book sells so you have booksellers that don't see them and then consumers who can't find the man don't buy them and it is a self perpetuati

okinawa, 12 weeks, 50,000 u.s. casualties, 90,000 japanese troops, 100,000 civilians. we thought this was going to be a rehearsal for invading japan. that if we invaded japan, that's what it was going to be like. we also weren't sure if the bomb would work consistently. it went off once. you could spend a whole course talking about the development of the atomic bomb. there were a lot of things that might not work. remember, germany had decided it wasn't going to work. so we weren't sure if we tried it again if it was going to work or not. in any event, the decision was made, and on august the 6th, 1945, the inola guy dropped an atomic bomb on hiroshima. there were 350,000 people alive hiroshima on the 5th of august. 140,000 of them were dead the next day. this is a picture of hiroshima after the bomb blast. of a colleague who grew up in tokyo shortly after the war, he was born shortly after the war. and he lived on the fourth floor of an apartment building. and he said you could see for miles, just to give you a sense of how much was wiped out. i mean, if you had been

planes,ted by american in accordance with general macarthur's instructions, set down just offshore of okinawaart of the japanese surrender delegation was closely followed into the field. this is a transfer point for manila. viceieutenant general, chief of the japanese general staff, leads the surrender party. the reception, minus the presence of general macarthur -- this is complete capitulation. meanwhile, throughout asia and the pacific, they are grumbling in surrender. is readyransport plane to fly the delegation to the philippines. and historic passage as the members of the japanese party take hold. the supreme commander ready to take over in tokyo prepares for his departure. standing on the about any of the war-shattered city hall, he speaks to his victorious troops. shortly, i trust, we will all be going home. [applause] >> further north, hms king party whererrender they hosted our own admiral. features of the occasion is a surprise cake baked by the admiral's personal steward. designed is one that appeals to the hard-hitting commander of the third fleet. and he attacks it in his usual

okinawa, 12 weeks, 50,000 u.s. casualties, 90,000 japanese troops, 100,000 civilians. we thought this was going to be a rehearsal for invading japan. that if we invaded japan, that's what it was going to be like. we also weren't sure if the bomb would work consistently. it went off once. you could spend a whole course talking about the development of the atomic bomb. there were a lot of things that might not work. remember, germany had decided it wasn't going to work. so we weren't sure if we tried it again if it was going to work or not. in any event, the decision was made, and on august the 6th, 1945, the inola guy dropped an atomic bomb on hiroshima. there were 350,000 people alive hiroshima on the 5th of august. 140,000 of them were dead the next day. this is a picture of hiroshima after the bomb blast. of a colleague who grew up in tokyo shortly after the war, he was born shortly after the war. and he lived on the fourth floor of an apartment building. and he said you could see for miles, just to give you a sense of how much was wiped out. i mean, if you had been

him -- informed him that he would no longer support an invasion of japan after the expense of the okinawa campaign. what we know for sure is that there was going to be a major conflict at the joint chiefs of staff level over an invasion of japan. not because the operation was unnecessary, but because it had become unthinkable in terms of how it had been planned and ordered up to that point. marshall was looking at using atomic bombs as tactical weapons to support the invasion in order to keep that option open. meanwhile, in japan in june 1945, there was some stirring on the diplomatic front. there were a number of japanese military and naval officers in europe, as well as diplomats and entrepreneurs. they advance to various american and allied officials. not a single one of them had any authority from japan to do this. the only legitimate effort made to secure any kind of diplomatic effort at a japanese government was conducted through the you have to understand at this point, as robert pointed out back in 1954, the man who held sway over japan numbered only eight. the emperor, his princi

okinawa, 12 weeks, 50,000 u.s. casualties, 90,000 japanese troops, 100,000 civilians.e thought this was going to be a rehearsal for invading japan. if we invaded japan, that's what it was going to be like. we also weren't sure if the bomb would work consistently. it went off once. you could spend a whole course talking about the development of the atomic work. remember, germany had decided it wasn't going to work, so we weren't sure if we tried it again, if it was going to work or not. in any event, the decision was made and on august 6th, 1945, the enola gay dropped an atomic bomb on hiroshima. there were 350,000 people alive in hir roach ma on the 5th of august, 140,000 of them were dead the next day. war is hell. this is a picture of hiroshima after the bomb blast. of a colleague whohrhrhrhxn gr tokyo shortly after the war, everybody born shortly after the war. he lived on the fourth floor of an apartment building and he said you could see for miles, just to give you a sense of how much was wiped out. i mean, if you have been to tokyo, you know the city is quite de

he informed him privately that he could no longer support his invasion after the experience of the okinawa campaign. what we know for sure is there was going to be a major, major conflict over an invasion of japan. not because the operation was unnecessary but it had become unthinkable in terms of how it had been planned and ordered up to that point. general marshal was looking into using atomic bombs to support the invasion in order to keep that option open. in japan in june of 1945 and continuing on, there was some strings on the diplomatic front. there were a number of diplomats that became peace entrepreneurs. they advanced to various american and allied officials and notions about the war. the problem was not a single one of them had any authority from japan. the only legitimate effort made to secure any type of diplomatic effort by the japanese government was conducted through the japanese ambassador through moscow. you have to understand the big six was the legal government of japan. there was literally not a millisecond prior to august 6th, 1945, in which that legal government of j

painted white and carrying painted crosses according to ineisenhower's instructions, set down on okinawa, carrying part of the japanese surrender delegation. this is the transfer point for manila where bitter tea awaits the japs. the general staff leads the surrender party. the reception minus the presence of general mcarthur is distinctly on the chilly side. this is complete capitulation, something the stunned japs have yet to realize. meanwhile, their armies in the pacific are crumbling. an army transport plane where the japs once entered in triumph. he japanese party takes off. the supreme commander for the allies ready to take over in tokyo bears for departure. that is on the balcony in the war shattered manilla, speaks a few harsh words. > farther north, h.m.s. -- h.s.s. king george brings admiral rawlings to a surrender party where the host is our own dmiral "bull" holiday. a surprise cake baked especially y the admiral's chief steward. the design is one that appeals to the hard-hitting commander of the third fleet, and he attacks it with his usual forthright manner. you wouldn't t