oro andritten by tony m he did a summary of each of the 12 cases. you can follow along with us to learn more about the background. gentlemen, we are just about out of time. as we close, a quick summary, why should anybody care about the landmark case, the slaughterhouse cases. paul: the same reason they should care about reconstruction. one of the areas where americans have a blank spot, but the area that really defines the era of the civil war. they were in part about defining the meaning of the civil war. paul: i would say that i counted six of the cases left in the series, major constitutional cases that involve not action by the federal government, but by the state government. the reason that those are constitutional questions, the dosons why the states something to you that you don't like him he can't take all the way to the supreme court. this is the 14th amendment. the slaughterhouse case was the first to interpret that. host: thank you for adding to our discussion tonight, thank you to the viewers for being involved. see you next week area -