stepling, author and commentator, there are joining us out of inderoy norway, and i should add, oslow norway had a pro palestinian rally, just five days ago, a sizable turnout at that, and uh, continue to to stay tuned to press tv, world news as we following developments in the besieg gauza strip very. very closely, but for now, it's a sign off, bye bye. hi, everyone, judge andrew napolitano, here for judging freedom, today is friday, november 3rd, 2023, professor john shimmer of the university of chicago joins us now, professor, always a pleasure, thank you uh. very much for making time for us today, um, given the well-known and understood closeness of the united states to israel, what leverage if any does the us have? example, as we speak, literally, as we speak, the secretary of state of the united states is in israel, trying to ask the israelis to engage. and pause, i guess euphemism for a temporary ceasefire while humanitarian aid comes in, and apparently is not having any success. what leverage does he have? he has remarkably little leverage. uh, the fact is that the united states and

in an effort to find resolution, series of secret talks took place in oslow norway in 1993.ea c would be the rural areas, primarily the jordan valley. under the accords, this division of land was to exist for five years, during which time final status agreement would be drawn. this agreement, however has never come about, and the division of land is still very much in place. and the palestinian population is constantly reminded of that fact. really for palestinians in area c, that the way that israel treats them as hostile population, it makes them their lives as difficult as possible. most of the population and areas see palestinian population are rural communities based the their livelihoods are based on agriculture, and so the two things they need more than anything else, land and water, this is this is what they need, the essentials of their lives, and so what is israel is doing is making both taking both those elements away from them, it's restricting their access to their land, it's using various means to do that, it's confiscating lot of land, declaring it state land,