a state park at first but later a national park. it is not hard to see what they would decide to make use of olmsted's experience, his ideas above all his weirdly serendipitous proximity he was there for a totally different reason just happened to be there when lincoln signed the legislation. they would ask him to produce au report to guide how this would become a public park. the purposese of the new park ad the justifications for government to act in making it, is olmsted described them in 1865 were entirely consistent for what he had to scrape for central park just a few years earlier. went back to work in central park. there was no inconsistency here there is total consistency in terms of how the purpose and the justification politically for creating these parks was being described. what's more so is the symbolism, meetings and perhaps more so. here was a national landscape to be set aside, preserved made available to the general public not the privileged few, right? because that is not what a republic does for the creation of t

yosemite was the first park, the first national park. it was created by congress through federal legislation. 1864 that granted the area to california for park purposes. so the first national park was state park, at least for a while. if that's confusing, i'm sorry it gets worse. we haven't even talked about hot springs or the washington mall or any the other places that claim to be the first national park. but yosemite really was in 1864 and lincoln signed legislation while central park was still under construction. and what they both shared at that time and really from the beginning was that they both express and hopes and aspirations a remade american republic. that sounds odd to us today. maybe, but it didn't sound odd in the mid-19th century. a lot of people were going to a war on this topic and. what was a remade american republic? one without enslaved people above all, one that preserved the union allowed it to assume a better form a republic that if still a very imperfect, at least move toward the realization of the goals and ide

park. their approach from the basis for conserving large areas with carefully designed public access. this n was emulated and expanded by the national park service inc the 20th century in the development of park planning for through the creation of general plans as well as more detailed study for individual park ability. third olmstead's collaboration with architects h. h. riverton resulted in part -- parks that were enhanced with architectural features inspired by their natural settings. and utilizing local materials. the connection between the olmstead firm design aesthetic and the rustic architecture of the national park service has been well-cumented by many including linda mcclellan laura harrison but the national park service brought the design to new heights sometimes called architecture giving the early national park a distinctive architectural feel and character. if it frederick law olmsted, jr. was one of the founding members of the society of landscape architecture and charles ol

yosemite was the first park, the first national park. it was created by congress through federal legislation. 1864 that granted the area to california for park purposes. so the first national park was state park, at least for a while. if that's confusing, i'm sorry it gets worse. we haven't even talked about hot springs or the washington mall or any the other places that claim to be the first national park. but yosemite really was in 1864 and lincoln signed legislation while central park was still under construction. and what they both shared at that time and really from the beginning was that they both express and hopes and aspirations a remade american republic. that sounds odd to us today. maybe, but it didn't sound odd in the mid-19th century. a lot of people were going to a war on this topic and. what was a remade american republic? one without enslaved people above all, one that preserved the union allowed it to assume a better form a republic that if still a very imperfect, at least move toward the realization of the goals and ide

park idea. i think we'd all agree -- do we need to adjust? >> mic -- >> the mic is on. a little bit up. okay. i think we would agree it's a time reinterpretation of the national park idea. where did the idea come from. they did arrive spontaneous during camp are in 1870 on the yellowstone plateau. that's been the official store for many years. as an adept something to do with teddy roosevelt or john muir and why we talk about olmsted. wasn't he a part designer and national parks are usually come to use come to mind as design landscapes. he designed central park, the arnold arboretum, et cetera. what does it have to do with national parks? these are questions that rolf and and i have been plagued with our entire professional lives. [laughing] so we decided to writete this book. i don't know if this is the last word or not, rolf, but hopefully, hopefully. the term national park idea that is in our title is a bit misleading because we're here to talk about the public park idea as it took shape spec

a state park at first but later would be a national park.ot hard to see why they would decide to make use of the experience, his ideas above all and hisa weirdly serendipitous proximity. he was there for a totally different reason. this happened to be there when lincoln signed the legislation. guiding how this place would become a public park. and theme purpose of the new pak in the justifications for government to act in making it as olmsted described them in 1865 were entirely consistent for what he had described for central park just a few years earlier. he went back to working on central park in 1865. there was no inconsistency here. total consistency in the purpose and the justifications politically creating these parts was being described. what is more so the symbolism and meanings and perhaps even more so. a national landscape to be set aside, preserved and made available to the general public. not the privileged few. right. because that is not what a republic does. the creationth of this park was part of an entire wave of legislation

parks. they become very auto oriented. you can see this in an old poster from the 1930s or twenties of you know yosemite's mariposa grove with a tree that just fell over, lit and last in this in the winter storms this year with a car driving through the tunnel tree. the this is a real transformation as we have more leisure the auto industry explicitly expressly wants to be places for us to go in our cars, to go visit, because the more we drive cars, the more we will buy gas. the moral buy new cars. this is much sort of a again, a corporate enterprise. so in the middle of world war one, when the national park service itself was created to manage the parks that had already been created, they had this whole see america first campaign. you don't need to go to europe for your for your vacation. go see america. first to get in your car or get on the railroad and ride around and the country that you live in. see these sort of iconic landscapes. so parks were very even in these later days were very

parks that we have.n some ways the national parks originated with a place that didn't become a national park until much later i think until the 1940s or 50s which is niagara falls in new york. before a lot of western expansion started bringing awareness of the big monumental western landscapes that we are familiar with, before that in the early 1800s, niagara falls was considered one of the most stunning natural landscapes that north america had to offer. it is pretty stunning. i've never been there. i've seen pictures but it's pretty great. and after the canal opened up, easier transportation than in the new york area, it still doesn't seem fast to us it would take at least two days to get from new york city to niagara falls but that was instead of a week so it's greatly easy to get there and you have an influx of tourists coming from new york and boston from sort of the urban cities wanting to go and visit niagara. they have their photograph taken. i couldn't find a date for this picture but it's clear

and come to the parks and explore the parks and discover something knew so the folks are honored and want to say congratulations and there is a bar that is open and some informed who took the bill for that phil didn't like to spend any modern and courtney, you know. the mason local and plumbers it is nice of you guys i hope an annual tradition but we've had that 15 years when we celebrate we also not only recognition people but we also provide substance and build food and the beer and alcohol and whenever and whatever you choose but a way to show our appreciation for all the hard work that so many of you don't day to day and thank you, for being a shinning work to be an incredible public servant and thank you, for sticking with rec & park day to day doing light work that is important and what makes our city shine thank you for the visitors and thank you for joining us coming in here behind me a great to be here and celebrity all of you and look at how far we have faces challenges but coming back stronger and the parks are an example. so thank you so much for thank you for being here.

there were already coaching outfits to the west of the park, but in the park they got one. in 1883 and they put up this big hotel that we see behind us that was built in 1883. people were in this country tired of camping out. they had lived that way through the 18th and 19th centuries, and they wanted a little more comfort. now, camping out would come back in the 1920s, become voguish again, but not initially. initially, yellowstone was a system of big hotels, five big hotels serving young visitors from the 1880s clear up until the end of the stagecoach era. the last year was 1916 and you know, we had autos in many of the cities and towns of the nation pretty darn early. the earliest autos were chain driven in 1886. so the first one i can remember in by 1900. so many towns had, you know, automobiles, primitive ones right alongside their horses and buggies and wagons and not in yellowstone. this was a remained a primitive place that the army took care of, for another gosh, 25 years after most towns had autos. so from the 1890s, when autos were in most places until 1916, yell

of the national park. so,e very early bozeman becamen outfitting point for yellowstone as stated virginia city, and i think that's the key connection is that those two towns as early as 1880 were in a kind of competition. virginia city quickly lost that battle of being in outfitting point. they were just too far away. bozeman only 75 miles away from the north entrance, sort of one that battle. yellowstone was already effectively the first attraction for tourists in the interior of the american west. that's a significant. that's a big deal. part of that impetus occurred because they were teaching the existence of yellowstone and schools in europe before, almost before they were doing it on the east coast in this country. and so, by the time the railroad arrived at the north entrance id 1883, yellowstone was world famous already. and everybody wanted to come and see it. everybody wantedmi to be on that train coming here so all of a sudden, in 1883, there were 5,000 visitors whereas before, there had been 1,0

, into our mountain park system.we talked about feeling welcomed and we are having a conversation about changing that idea of welcome. you're being welcomed to a space that's not really yours and part of the challenge that these individuals are going to talk about is the notion of ownership and who we really is when we're talking about equitable access to our park system and reimagining an inclusive system, we imagining and thinking differently about the ideas of ownership and those relationships and -- and exploring where we have been even in this conservation movement where, you know, people still look at folks that look like me and wonder how we got into con certifiation as though this is something that we should naturally be engaging. so we are addressing hard questions here that hopefully will help us in the exploration of history because we don't want to be doom today repeat it. we want to build on what we have learned. let me introduce all of them and they'lln come up each individually. first philip burnham wh

and national parks and access. and even this notion of ownership. and so we're going to be looking forward to that. and finally, shelton johnson national park ranger and educate educator extraordinaire who has landed in yosemite national park and just refuses to go away. is also the author of glory land, a really interested thing perspective about national parks and the and the dilemmas that many of us people of color in this country face when we celebrate, on one hand, this marvelous invention of national parks in these beautiful places. and yet the prices that some of us paid for for them to even exist. and what in those tensions all the time so wonderful exploration of that in his his book of glory land. but he's going to be bringing a very, very person sort of perspective about what it means to be in these places that he is now the steward and helps guide the rest of us in that notion of stewardship. so i leave you finally with this, and it is about that notion of stewardship, about that collective responsibili

a national park. so three times he proposed bills to make it the national park and. harrison became president in the 1880s, and he again to make it a national park. and he couldn't get congress to go along with that because it takes act of congress to create a national park. so there was a lot of opposition from arizonans, because this land had been privately and they didn't want to see, you know, private land claimed by the pioneers, you know, taken away from the pioneers and turned into public land. so benjamin harrison couldn't do it even he was president. he did make this a national forest, though. he did manage to make the grand canyon, the national forest, which is sort of bogus, because inside the canyon there's not very many forest inside the canyon on the rim. so that was one step forward and then teddy roosevelt came along. he was very dedicated to the grand canyon, too. he really loved it. but in a very paradoxical way. so teddy roosevelt, after he was president, went to the north rim to go

park. the approach was conserving large scenic areas and design public access. this is in the development of our planet to the creation of the plan as well as detailed studies for individual park facilities. third, collaboration with architect fox and hh richardson resulted enhanced with architecture preachers inspired by the natural setting. the connection between the firm's design and rustic architecture of the service has been well documented for many including linda, harrison and you can carve of the park service designed new heights giving the national park a distinctive architecture feel and character. junior was one of the founding members of american society and its first president. the committee on national park and national force and in 1960 devoted to his discussion at the national park. they called for an organized systematic approach to creating national parks, but from the medical of preserving natural scenery and using the artist of architecture to successfully design new par

park.heir approach form the basis for conserving large areas with carefully designed public access. this was emulated and expanded by the national park service and the 20th century and the development of park planning through the creation of general plans as well as more detailed studies for individual park facilities. third olmsted collaboration with richardson resulted in parks that were enhanced with architectural features inspired utilizing materials for connection between the olmsted firms designed a static on the rustic architecture of the national park service has been well documented by many including linda mcclellan, laura harrison and ethan carr. the national park service took designed to new heights. sometimesk called up architecte giving early national parks a distinctive architectural field. of character. was one of the founding members of the american society of landscape architecture jon charles served as its first president. in 1915 national parks and national forests. devot

parks. they become very auto oriented. you can see this in an old poster from the 1930s or twenties of you know yosemite's mariposa grove with a tree that just fell over, lit and last in this in the winter storms this year with a car driving through the tunnel tree. the this is a real transformation as we have more leisure the auto industry explicitly expressly wants to be places for us to go in our cars, to go visit, because the more we drive cars, the more we will buy gas. the moral buy new cars. this is much sort of a again, a corporate enterprise. so in the middle of world war one, when the national park service itself was created to manage the parks that had already been created, they had this whole see america first campaign. you don't need to go to europe for your for your vacation. go see america. first to get in your car or get on the railroad and ride around and the country that you live in. see these sort of iconic landscapes. so parks were very even in these later days were very

parks for decades before there's a park service they were very smallll agency. there were still a lot of threats to the parks andat placs they were mining companies and other interests who did not want them to be national parks the park service set out early on to create a political constituency that support the creation of new parks and support better protection for parks, better buildings, museum, ranger programs inside parks the park service was very small very low budget they spent a lot of the first decade encouraging tourism for their happy to work to get tourists out to the west. most americans lived in the east and the national parks or the west were the only ways to get here in the 1920s was on a railroad. the park service was very much the tourism business. there is a senator from indiana benjamin harrison i don't think he ever visited the grand canyon in his life over some reason which we do not quite understand is very devoted to try to make the grand canyon national park three times the post bills to make it a national park. he again tried to make a

bosman, montana sits 75 miles north of the park, we spoke about his career and the impact the park hadthe region. >> tell us about your first yellowstone experience. >> my gosh, my first yellowstone experience reaches far back and like for so many americans, it was a vacation. i was four and my parents brought us, my brother and me, to yellowstone from norman, oklahoma, our hometown, and continued bringing us for many years and so we were always interested in not just yellowstone, but the whole american west and so we fell into that trap of never going east no matter what mother wanted to do, except always going west because mostly dad wanted to fish in yellowstone. so, we fell in love with the region early and had relatives in montana, which added to it. very early experience. and when i was 16 and my brother 14, we vacationed here and we saw the employees and one of them invited us to a dance and that sort of did it. we were too young for the dance, but we got in and saw all the sun they were having and as soon as we both hit 18 we applied and got jobs with the concessioner in yellow

industrial parks are our brand.hing and everyone is with a quality mark , an innovative high-tech environmentally friendly, clean city. companion to our capital in this life, because i started creating a company for 10 years and saw how it all boomed.

again in golden gate park. it has been a great time for music and ties into the recovery and the tremendous energy where we are feeling and -- you know anybody who says san francisco is struggling needs to hang out in the park system. where well is joy and beaut and he inspiration every day. >> so, the san francisco board of supervisors passed legislation to make jfk drive in will golden gate park car free. how have residents responds. >> the san francisco residents responds positive. families. bicyclists, joggers, people with dogs and people from every corner of san francisco have discovered that jfk promenade is a treasure. it enhances the parks so much. imagine a beautiful day in the park and weather on foot or on bike you are strolling down jfk, you pass sixth avenue and head to the music concourse for a concert or the museum; it is joyous and made golden gate park sproord. i have been hering about disk golf and pickle ball. can you tell us about and where people can practice and play. >> i knew you were go

city park of their choice. field trips are 2 and a half hours long and like i said, they can happen in any city park (indiscernible) televis >> the 15 our annual awards is really this is become an institution of modern version of this department honoring um, employ he excellence that is what do i is called the william hammond after him and everyone knows two john is he gets a lot of credit that's why planting i've had not shattered talking and the and mr. ma mcclaren planting tens and tens of thousands of trees 80 thousand and about one hundred and 40 thousand trees they were missionaries that was the people their staff the gardens and the maintenance working that are responsible for shaping this that's why we honor you always call to national recognition and parks month the importance of the parks this is a big deal it is so give yourselves a a round of applause (clapping.) today is also a very pin unit moment we lost a cooper city of people in our parks family were super important to us i want to take a momen

i hope we all agree despite our differences about our parks that our parks are, our parks are doing really well in our city because of hard working people like paul. and those who knew him, went to middle school, those who worked closely with him, his family members, his deer friends in the sunset and o connell, you all are grieving in a way that i, you know, can't tap into, so i want to express my deepest sympathy with you. thank you. >> thank you, phil. the next person that we would like to honor is a community advocate named zion. and i believe his family may be here. i'm going to call a couple of people's. zion was a 20-year-old skateboarder passed away on june 19th and even though was blinded after being shot in 2021, he continued to pursue the career of skating. he was regularly seen park which is part of the community that pushed for improvements along the department. i would love to call up, i have betty and liz jackson and if you would like to come up together and we would love to hear with you. >> i'm zion's grandmother. >> and very close friend to ms. betty and remember when zio

from designed city parks like central park to the national parks we have.some ways the national park originated withun the place that didn't become a national park until much later in 1940s or 50s, niagara falls and new york. before the expansion started bringing awareness of the western escapes we are milieu with, niagara falls was considered one of the most stunning natural landscapes north america had to offer, i had never been there but it's pretty great. after the canal opened up easier transportation in the new york area, it still doesn't seemed like it to us, it would take at least two days from new york city niagara falls but that was instead of a g week so easier to get there and you get this influx from new york and boston from urban cities wanting to visit niagara. they get their photograph taken and i couldn't find a date for this but it's to late 1800s but one problem, the tourist alongside, the photograph taken with the camera. one of the offices was there weren't any public controls in a way to easily understand now people didn't have that co

park managers, park staff like any other job, has turnover, right?might work for five years and then move on to another park. the people who come in don't have a lot of material to read on the history of place. so gradually the memory of what was there fades away. they don't interact very much. the staff don't interact very much with the ranchers who still live within the seashore. and ever since i started been researching this place since the late 1990s, when people visit seashore for the first time, there's often a lot of questions about why are there cows here? what is it? why are the ranches don't like they belong in a national park? because again, we bring our own ideas of what a national park is supposed to be and we don't. seeing cows in yosemite or in yellowstone or of the other sort of big national iconic. so then it again becomes a self-replicating cycle where people question the original residents of this park and why they're still in place. they don't know the story of how they got there. and so then sort of advocate for them to be moved

national parks.tay with us this morning. ♪ >> c-span campaign 2024 coverage your front row seat to the presidential election. watch coverage of candidates on the campaign trail with announcements, meet and greets, speeches and events to make up your own mind. campaign 2024 on the c-span networks. c-span now, the free mobile video app or anytime online at c-span.org. c-span, your unfiltered view of politics. >> if you ever miss any of c-span's coverage, you can find any time at c-span.org. videos of key hearings, debates and other events future markers that guide you to interesting and newsworthy highlights. the markers appear on the right-hand side of your screen when you hit play on select videos. this makes it easy to quickly get an idea of what was debated and decided in washington. scroll through and spend a few minutes on points of interest. >> be up-to-date in the latest in publishing with book tv's podcast about books. with current, nonfiction book releases plus bestseller lists, interesting n

, and to our mountain parks. we talk about feeling welcome. having a conversation of changing that idea of welcome. you are being welcome to a space that is not really yours. part of that challenge we will be facing in these individuals will be talking about is that very notion into the we really assume we are talking about equitable access to our parks system. reimagining and inclusive system reimagining and thinking differently about the ideas of ownership in those relationships exploring where we have been in this movement. people still look at folks that look like me and wonder how we got into conversation. we will be addressing some really hard questions here that hopefully will help us in the exploration of history because we don't want to be doomed to repeat it, we want to build on what we have learned. let me tell you about the people first, philip burnham who is the author of indian country, god's country, native americans and national parks. he is going to bring a very personal perspective. having lived

, three times the regular national park and again try to make it a national park but couldn't get congress with that so there was opposition from arizona in the presently claimed, didn't want to see the land taken from the pioneers and harrison can do it when even when he was president, focus because inside the canisterse many tours inside, ad roosevelt came in he was dedicated to the grand canyon and loved it but teddy roosevelt went to the world to go mountain lion hunting, there used to be a lot of mountain lions, hundreds werere killed over the years but they hired a ranger to kill the lions and nobody was thinking ecologically and what happens if you kill the predators? the prey explodes so there's a massive explosion of deer but teddy roosevelt went hunting, he tried to make it a national park and he couldn't persuade arizonans or congress so in 1988 he did by sending a bill but a lower level of protection than he wanted so the mining claims or timber claims so that was dead for a few months before, he always hated that he didn't get to see it as a national park. the railroad was the