what we're trying to do is mesh together a referendum which is one process with a parliamentary democracy and through the referendum we saw clearly the way that our constituents voted, and therefore it is incumbent on myself to bring that voice into westminster, which is what i did today. but you voted for a national referendum, you didn't vote for a referendum in york central, you voted for a national referendum, do you want to apologise to the public for voting for a national referendum, for which you were not willing to respect the national result? we got a question put before us today in a bill, to move forward into a process, where we will be coming out of the single market and out of the customs union. now i can't even remember that being on the ballot paper lastjune, and therefore we have an unelected prime minister, now moving forward to put forward her own position on how we should move forward. i think what is really important is we listen to where people in the country are at. because that question was not on the ballot paper. that question wasn't, but the brexit was, and there

for the first time in a0 years, the way british parliamentary democracy is meant to work, will actuallyationwide referendum of the british people and the british people spoke. in the unlikely event it was news to anyone, our former top diplomat in brussels, now out of his job, warned mps today of bumpy times ahead. sir rogers, is the government going to make a failure of brexit? fist fights, feisty talks and potentially a bill of billions to get out of the european club. this is going to be on a humongous scale, going to have enormous amounts of businesses running up various different channels. the total financial liability, as they see it, might be in the order of a0— 60 billion euros on exit. that prospect and principal means some labour mps have even quit their commons top team rather than obeyjeremy corbyn‘s call to vote for the bill. several have sacrificed front bench jobs, like rachael maskell, until tonight in the shadow cabinet, not any more because she voted with her remain constituents. you've made your decision on principle but it is the labour party that looks divided tonig

for the first time in 40 years, the way british parliamentary democracy is meant to work will actually to work. this was a nationwide referendum of the british people and the british people spoke. does the prime minister know what she is doing? in the unlikely event it was news to anyone, otherformer top the unlikely event it was news to anyone, other former top diplomat the unlikely event it was news to anyone, otherformer top diplomat in brussels now out of his job warned mps today a bumpy times ahead. fist fights, feisty talks. potentially a bill of billions to get out of the european club. this is going to be ona european club. this is going to be on a humongous scale. we will have an enormous amount of business running at various different channels. the total financial liability, as they see it might be in the order of 40 billion to 60 billion euros on exit. some euro mps have even quit the house of commons top team. several house satisfy —— several have sacrificed theirjobs. you have made your decision on principle. it is the labour party that looks divided tonight. principle. it

for the first time in a0 years the way british parliamentary democracy is meant to work will actuallyrk. this was the nationwide referendum of the british people and the british people spoke. does the prime minister know what she's doing? but in the unlikely event it was news to anyone, our former top diplomat in brussels, now out of his job, warned mps of bumpy times ahead. is the government going to make a failure of brexit? fistfights, feisty talks and potentially appeal of billions to get out of the european club. -- a bill. this is going to be on a humongous scale. we are going to have enormous amounts of business running up various different channels the total financial viability as they see it. it might be the order of 40—60 billion euros on exit. i think that is a predictably hard line coming from the commission and some of the european parliament and from some member states. that prospect and principle means some labour mps have quit the commons top team. rather than obey jeremy corbyn's order to vote for the bill. they say no. this decision has not been easy. it has been a h

questions and debates relating to brexit and that is to be expected because we live in a parliamentary democracyright that parliament have a full debate and i think the government is very anxious and keen that parliament is involved. and should mps have a vote before to reza may agree a final bill? she has promised one afterwards. —— theresa may. i don't think there needs to be a vote before it is finalised. we need to trigger this to enter the negotiations and once the negotiations and once the negotiations have concluded, for me that would be the right time to have a vote. and how tough are those talks going to be? we heard from sir ivan rogers suggesting the eu were going to demand billions and billions of pounds as an exit bill. i don't know about that. any kind of bill that is mutually self—destructive, there is no point at all in that. it is entirely probable that we could come to a decent arrangement. we are a big trading partner with the eu and it is in our mutual interest to come to a good deal. thanks for your time. on the other side, labour last night had a fairly grim time after 47 m

dominic raab believes in parliamentary democracy but as prime minister tried to stop us having a votebefore christmas. that was a labour motion, a motion from labour. this post truth politics is spreading. they have been spending millions of pounds of the public's money trying to stop a vote in parliament and now they are trying to ram through a bill because they have not thought about the consequences ofjob losses in london and scotland and across the country. they shall rue this day. the truth is that a lot of the people trying to derail or frustrate these negotiations are facilitating what they call the hard brexit that nobody wants to see. the prime minister wants to see it. kier starmer has said that this is not ha rd starmer has said that this is not hard brexit. what we need now is unity of purpose. i am pro that and i understand the concerns of remain voters, but it will need two sites to come together. and at the end of the two years, what sort of brexit do you think it will be? obviously, the negotiations are still going on. wait and see! he has no idea! theresa may made it

except that we have a parliamentary democracy.n established, and we have a say in these negotiations. that is how we get the laws in this country. we don't delegate everything to the prime minister. so it might be difficult for her, but that is the way the negotiation should be conducted. and if we don't like that deal and this is bad for the country, we shouldn't be afraid to send her back to the negotiation because we don't want to upset her. thank you. there is obviously a lot of focus on the politics here, but you sent a loss of the difficult negotiations now and the difficult politics are going to be in brussels, where mrs may will have to front up to some very tough talking. certainly listening to britain's former ambassador to the eu yesterday, sir ivan rogers, he was suggesting that other eu leaders are prepared to push for a very hard deal, suggesting they might even demand up to £60 billion as a sort of exit bill for leaving the eu. norman, thank you. joining me now is lord newby, leader of the liberal democrats in the h

except that we have a parliamentary democracy.as been established, and we have a say in these negotiations. that is how we get better laws in this country. we don't delegate everything to the prime minister. so it might be difficult for her, but that is the way the negotiation should be conducted. and if we don't like that deal and if it is bad for the country, we shouldn't be afraid to send her back to the negotiation because we don't want to upset her. an agreement has been reached between southern rail and the aslef union to end industrial action. the ongoing dispute was over the driver—only trains on the network. the deal is now subject to a referendum of aslef members. a dispute between the rmt union and southern is still ongoing. our correspondent yvette austin is in central london where that press conference took place in the last half hour. it was very brief and we still don't know who was compromised in what has been a very bitter dispute. no, we don't know that. but we do know that after two weeks of talks, a deal has fi

it is touching to hear the new—found respect for parliamentary democracy from the opponents of this bill the same people who for four decades have been complicit in the relentless campaign to transfer power from this parliament to brussels. does my honourable friend not agree, having asked the people to give us their voice, we now need to give us their voice, we now need to respect that boys and get on with it. absolutely and i think there is an overwhelming view not only in this house but across the country for that proposition. a number of speeches during this debate, principally yesterday, have sought to rerun the referendum arguments but it is no good complaining that people did not know what they were voting for. the government spends £9 million of our money on a brochure riddled with inaccuracies and mounted an extraordinary and counter—productive mounted an extraordinary and counter— productive project fear campaign warning of disaster, dire consequences if we voted to leave, none of which have come to pass. my right honourable friend who sits in front of me, the former chancellor

but were we to be true to the concept of government through british parliamentary democracy rather thannment by -- [indiscernible] we would also feel obliged to point out that it isn't a question of just getting on with it. decision that once made is a mere matter of mechanics. that begetssion other decisions. negotiation, this from money to access to post-brexit arrangements is an immense decision with consequences. world,ere in a rational we would all the time, as we approach these decisions, be asking, why are we doing this, and as we know more of the cost, is the pain worth the gain? pain.'s examine the we will withdraw from the single market, which is around half of our trade, in goods and services. we will also now leave the customs union, covering trade with countries like turkey. then we need to replace over 50 preferential trade agreements. instance, switzerland. trade iselated actually two thirds of the total. this impacts everything from airline travel to financial services to manufacturing industry, sector by sector. then we will pay for previous e.u. obligations but not ben

it is a great thing that british parliamentary democracy is still functioning to the extent we will probablythe politicians ignored the answer. what if you had a referendum on leaving the eu and the majority said they wanted to leave, the politicians could ignore the answer? that is a possibility, but i am still confident that politicians cannot ignore referendum after referendum after referendum. we have had two about the european project that have been ignored, the first on the 1st of june that have been ignored, the first on the 1st ofjune in 2005 when we voted about the european constitution. it was passed through under a different name a couple of yea rs under a different name a couple of years later. earlier this year we had a referendum about the association agreement with the ukraine and that was ignored. i am confident political leaders will not be able to ignore yet again another referendum. that is if you get one, but a pattern is emerging when it comes to referenda in the netherlands. quite right, and it is remarkable. i find it netherlands. quite right, and it is remarkable. ifi

democracy and ensure economic development of romania. also he mentioned that the social democrats, they won the parliamentary election last november with a huge majority of more than 60% of the vote, but one month after the elections, they have disappointed the people who voted for them and that's why the president made very clear and appeal to them to stay on board the program to govern the country. laura: thank you very much for that report from bucharest. internationalng condemnation after a new law that legalizes thousands of outpost built on private palestinian land, the latest in a series of pro-settler steps taken by israel's government since the election of donald trump in the united states. today, the paris palestinian president said it was a violation of international law. simon harding has the story. >> it's a decision that has sparked outrage, condemning a controversial law that retroactively legalizes israeli settlements built on palestinian land. many see it as a continuation of the illegal colonization of palestinian territory. they're confiscating land and expanding settlements which makes it harder for us to have land to

modest actions by the parliamentary assistant in the shadows alone and they may seem benign to some people, but these tasks are indispensible for the functioning of local democracy. during all these years, my wife took charge among those simple but essential tasks. he, with my secretary, who managed my mail, she managed my diary. for local events, inaugurations, sports events, cultural events and ceremonies, she worked. she worked on my speeches in the county. she represented me in local cultural events. she also received and sent to companies the c.v.'s and requests for jobs sent to me by the inhabitants of la salle. she processed any claims, any complaints by my constituents when they faced administrative problems. the list she did doesn't stop there. her salary was pfed justified because her work -- perfectly justified because her work was indispensible to my activities as an elected official. this work she did also for my replacement when i became a minister, a government minister. i wanted her to do that. i wanted to preserve the link with my constituency and it is my wife who played this essential role. people say she didn't have a pass to enter the nation

have a vote on the deal before they do and if we're serious about parliamentary sovereignty and genuinely believe in the role of democracyarliament in taking key decisions the prime minister has got to give us the prime minister has got to give us that commitment and those are just two of what will be a huge number of issues debated next week with not nearly enough time to work through those issues in the depth that we really ought to be. briefly, you're going to vote with your party leadership. you're not going to rebel, but quite a few labour mps going to rebel, but quite a few labourmps are. going to rebel, but quite a few labour mps are. have you got any idea how many of your colleagues may rebel? i don't know. this is a difficult one. i don't think from collea g u es difficult one. i don't think from colleagues i've spoken to, whether they are voting for or against the bill, this isn't about the party whip orjeremy corbyn who has taken the only position that he could given that two—thirds that labour constituencies voted to leave and the majority of the public. actually what people are doing is really thinking about

parliamentary precinct. there are a riot police lining the streets outside and on the precinct right outside this building. our guests, they have been it with some form of tear gas. madame houster, madam speaker, no democracyouse. this man has broken south africa. you are breaking the parliament. after that the democratic alliance's members watch out. they had lots of disagreements with president zuma, but they said they had militarised an area with lee grant that should have no military presence. that was going on inside parliament but if that was not enough, this was going on outside... supporters of the government, the anc government, plus supporters of the eff and the da, the two main opposition groups, and police had to use stun guns to disperse the crowds, so that also spiked, and in the middle of all of this president gorsuch did also give his speech. here's one part... in these 20, 30 years of our freedom, our mission remains. our quest for a united democratic nonsexist nonracial and prosperous south africa. guided by the national development plan, we are building a south africa that must be free from poverty, inequality and unemployment. whilst the global economic environment remains uncertain, in

advanced democracies, some more industrialized than others with the various political systems and party so you see the list here. we have two presidential systems. we have two continental parliamentary systems and three westminster parliamentary systems, and have a variety of political parties of the major political parties can all be aligned on a left-right dimension. by large two parties define the polls of the party system. we looked at appointments only from initial cabinets but we collected data on all cabinet appointments from the date of the appointment of the first female cabinet minister. you can see some data. the united states was an early actor in 1933, franklin roosevelt appointed frances perkins as the secretary of labor, a position, a post in she served for four full terms so she was avoided if initial capped it every so with the first appointment of a woman, collected it on every single cabinet member in every single cabinet for every single one of the seven countries in our data set. we also collected information about the process of cabinet appointment and we looked at pairs of elections in each of these countries that were consecutive, that evolved a change of par