naval base in pearl harbor. in the destruction of virtually the entire american battleship fleet in the pacific. the loss of some 2400 men. in the immediate wake of pearl harbor, most americans believed simply that the u.s. had been treacherously attacked and we should get down to the business of war. not long after that, some historians began to examine the events of pearl harbor and to suggest there may be more to it than met the eye. these revisionists charged roosevelt secretly wanted the u.s. to be involved in the war. why would that be? because they said he had come to believe the new deal programs were not going to resolve the nation's -- through american involvement in the war. you say if that is what he wanted, why didn't he go to congress and ask for a declaration of war? the answer lies in the strength of isil is asian -- strength of isil is asian -- isolation in the country. and so he deliberately provoked the japanese to attack, providing in the words of a revisionist, a backdoor to war. this was gi

incomes oyster, outcomes the pearl. you chose me, it has been an honor to be a grain of sand in this process and we will continue to work together as pearls as necessary in the future. fair enough? the american people have spoken. they have chosen governor -- congratulations. wait a minute. the only way we are going to make it work is if we all team up together. so let's give governor clinton a big round of applause. [applause] forget the election. it's behind us. the hard work is in front of us. and we must all work together to rebuild our great country. thank you. [applause] you the american people are the greatest people in the face of the earth and if we would just put our differences aside, and team up together, we can rebuild our job base. we can eliminate the deficit. we can eliminate the debt, and most importantly we can pay the americans who are our children. right? and on the, way we can reform and get rid of some of these [inaudible] that are so damaging to all of us. now to the millions of volunteers who ask

there were signs that pearl harbor could have been anticipated better. that's beyond the time today, but suffice it to say, most historians reject the revisionist charge. fundamentally, they don't believe that roosevelt was a traitor, which he would have been had he done that. i think the failure for americans to anticipate pearl harbor can be chalked up, essentially, to human error. i, particularly, like the explanation of the historian who discredited the conspiracy theories, which he wrote as follows. he's talking about how revisionists should have seen this, should have seen that, they should have seen it. she says "it is much easier after the event to sort relevant from irrelevant signals. after the event, a signal is crystal clear. we can now see what disaster it was signaling since the disaster has occurred. before the event is obscured, filled with conflicting meanings, we failed to anticipate pearl harbor, not for lack of relevant material but an excess of irrelevant ones." i've said this to my class sometimes, if you think about what happened t

the attack, they went on a bombing run, pearl harbor, the first response on pearl harbor, most made itcross japan china are allies. this is the way i read it. the captured pilots including waterboarding, their trial summaries, i hope i'm not doing as much. >> this is all like in the first three chapters. >> they said, the japanese said the doolittle raiders were working. in part three, the u.s. wins the war maybe what you call victor's justice, the american recovers this surviving area who were held in dreadful conditions. he takes you there united states the people on trial. reason we are having this conversation now, i remember calling michelle and said what struck me about the book, written in the language of the military commission. describe what happened 80 years ago. >> seventy-five, 80 years ago. >> so let's talk about that language. >> okay. >> you saw people, who are they? >> i think i called them the highest but that was a deliberate language. i'm not being coy and they were the raiders he described the rate accurately in the terms of the american perception which is, i never

it was not until pearl harbor that the manhattan project was created. a lot of resources under the control of the army corps of engineers was devoted to create this new weapon. so lastly are groves was appointed head of the manhattan project. he had just finished building the pentagon. groves talked to different physics department and asked who would be a good leader. oppenheimer was probably not high on the list. he had not even been in charge of his physics department in berkeley before he was chosen to be the head of the central laboratory. there was something about abe that groves a liked. i think a couple of things. he saw that he was. hungry there were nobel prize winners that were being considered. they already accomplished the nobel prize. groves wanted somebody who was hungrier, who might work a little harder. also on a train trip across the country, they were able to describe what was needed to be done that a layman could understand. groves picked up the. there was also another question where to put the central laboratory. he could not have it

would you see in this exhibition is one of our first responses to pearl harbor. that is to round up our own japanese american citizens and to forcibly remove them from the west coast. nearly 120,000 people of japanese ancestry are removed forcibly to ten inland camps. two thirds of those are citizens. and this, again, speaks to national security theories. this is one of fdr's worst moments as president, issuing the executive order that allowed these citizens to be forcibly removed. and it's done in the name of national security. a fear of spies among these communities. interestingly, some americans call these places concentration camps. you see congressman john rankin in 1942 saying, i am for catching every japanese in america, alaska and hawaii now, and putting them in concentration camps. the crisis magazine, the double -- naacp's magazine writes about american concentration camps. they say, color seems to be the only possible reason why thousands of american citizens of japanese ancestry aren't concentration camps. the mainstream press, by contrast, life magaz

the uss missouri is now memorial and museum docked at pearl harbor in honolulu. up next, the 75th anniversary ceremony aboard the ship. >> veterans, other distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen, aloha and welcome to the battleship memorial here at historic pearl harbor. it is 9:02 am. the moment 75 years ago when this ceremony began on this ship. my name is michael and i am the president and chief executive officer of the uss missouri memorial organization. it is an honor to serve in that capacity and to be your mc for this ceremony as we commemorate a huge milestone, the 75th anniversary of one of the most significant events in history, the ending of world war ii. first and foremost, i have the honor of welcoming our special guests, world war ii veterans who are with us here today. i will name them individually and ask that you stand if you are able as your name is called and remain standing. please hold your applause until the end so we honor them collectively for their service, courage, and sacrifice. victor, oscar, walter, counter on, paul newman, when do

the japanese began the war from the air at pearl harbor. they have been repaid many fold, and the end is not yet. with this bomb, we have now added a new and revolutionary increase in destruction to supplement the growing power of our armed forces. in their present form, these bombs are now in production, and even more powerful bombs are in development. it is an atomic bomb. it is a harnessing of the basic power of the universe. the force from which the sun draws its power has been loosed against those who brought war to the far east. we are now prepared to destroy more rapidly and completely every productive enterprise the japanese have in any city. we shall destroy their docks, they're factories, and their communications. let there be no mistake, we shall completely destroy japan's power to make war. it was to spare the japanese people from utter destruction that the ultimatum of july 26th was issued at potsdam. their leaders promptly rejected that ultimatum. if they do not now accept our terms, they may expect a rain of ruin from the air

then america gets this very cruel sector punch at pearl harbor on december 7, 1941.oearl harbor attacks both galvanize and demoralize americans. they were angry, probly scared, and they wanted revenge. four months later this scrappy bunch of pilots at the center of the story, the doolittle raiders, fly deep into japanese territory, drop bombs on ostensibly military targets, or strategic tarts, and most of them make it all the way to china, our ally, and then fdr is allowed to trumpet this victory. close? >> as exactly right. that's the doolittle raid in the nutshell. >> so the story i've been covering in what seems like to get foreverhosts like this. in 2001, 19 hijackers in a very cruel sector punch attack the world trade center, the pentagon, and crash a plane into a pennsylvania field killing civilian targets. four months later i watch a militaryargo plane land at guantÁnamo and dislodge 20 men in orange jumpsuits,nd when the photos emerge, it seems to reassure, it's meant to reassure americans thate got them. that's the setup. in both cases there would be trials,

is pearl harbor.ey did or did not strike civilians. most made it across japan to allies, but the japanese captured some. part two is -- this is the way i read it, military agents of the pilots including the waterboarding, the trial and the summary execution of some. i hope i'm not doing too much spoiler. >> no, no, this is all like in the first three chapter, so you can't spoil that. [laughter] >> the japanese said -- [inaudible] and then part three when we have maybe what you call victors' justice, the americans recovered the surviving doolittle p.o.w.s who were held in dreadful detention conditions. well worth reading in the book. he takes you there. and the united states puts the people who prosecuted the pilots on trial as war criminals. okay. and the reason we're having this conversation now is i remember calling michel over the summer and saying what struck me about the book is it's written in the language of the military commission to describe what happened 80 years ago? >> yeah, 75, 80 years a

the results of pearl harbor, at pearl harbor, sneak attack, the lead went up north out of the regulareople know they are coming and sunday morning december 7th, our battleships all more, having church services there, and blue up the pacific fleet. fortunately our aircraft carriers and submarines were deployed. it was a sneak attack, japanese, talking about war, that made us just furious. we wanted to get in and straighten that out. if you don't mind my saying so at that time with our pacific fleet decimated there was nothing between the west coast and japan, nothing but ocean, they were very frightened because what is going on? so we did -- battleships from the atlantic to help us out. before that, we finally got going. >> rose is your granddaughter and helps you translate. can you ask him when you close your eyes at night and think about your time in the service with visually do you see? i think she is translating. >> particularly if i talk about some things that i had seen that i thought i had forgotten, certain things i saw, i got very emotional and had no idea, somehow stuck in my

the bombing of pearl harbor was december of 194 is and just about six months later after the japanese had run wild through the pacific the battle of the midway was fought and at battle of midway the u.s. dive bombers destroyed no fewer than four japanese air carriers in a very, very basketweave battle, a major portion of japan's naval strength and whatever chance japan had of winning the war tis appeared in june of 1942. that early into the war what what we might say the pain and humiliation of pearl harbor and the big victory at midway. it's a big ocean but that's a relatively basketweave time so the war would go on over three years from june of 1942 to august of 1945. i think most japanese naval officers in particular but overs across the board realized that the war was probably lost after midway, but they had taken this colossal gbl to launch a war on the united states, a country whose economy was ten times the size of their own, and really what was there to do now this early on in the war but simply to hang tough and hope for some kind of miracle, and i think that's what japanese

. ♪ the philippines are known as the pearl of the orient.his is a wonderful expression of hospitality extended. welcomed guests whenever the occasion is something special. something special indeed is this dance. the bamboo, symbol of life, demands the nimble of foot as well as head. ♪ in hawaii, it's the hula, of course. ♪ the party derives from the polynesian feasts where nature is so kind so much of the year. nimble afoot, yes, indeed. who said this was a dog's life? australians also have a great love of water sports. the island continent is another pioneer country. and seven seas away from its european heritage. christmas here, so far south of the equator, is celebrated in the heat of midsummer. which can mean a trip to see the ever popular koala bears living only in this part of the world, and their friends, the lively kangaroos. best of all is a trip to the beach. to escape the 90-degree christmas temperatures. ♪ from the far islands of the pacific, in craft no larger than 30 feet with sail, came the legendary inhabitants off the coast

they had pulled a sneak attack on pearl harbor. we didn't even know the war was started, it wasn't a war declared. but japan didn't do that. what happened when the bomb became available, truman knew about it. all he knew is he had just become president and they didn't really like him. and they put it to him and said this is a bomb. you can't drop an atomic bomb and then say let's drop it tomorrow, next week. they already had plans and everything was planned for the bomb. and it didn't make much of a difference with what truman had to say because it was going to work and the united states was going to drop the bomb. >> do you think the president had a say in that? >> absolutely. the constitution confers enormous powers, virtually unlimited power as commander in chief in wartime. truman had the power to simply tell his cabinet and his military leaders we will use the bomb, we won't use the bomb, we are going to use the bomb in the following way. so i don't think there's any question that he had the power to make the decision. i do th

america gets this very cool upper punch of pearl harbor on december 7, 1941. the pearl harbor attacks galvanize and demoralize americans they were angry probably scared and wanted revenge. four months later this scrappy bunch of pilots are the center of the story, the doolittle raiders, drive deep into territory drop bombs on extensive military targets and or strategic targets and most of them make it all the way to china our ally and then fdr is allowed to trump his victory. >> that's exactly right. that is the doolittle raid in a nutshell. >> the story of an covering and what seems like forever goes like this. in 200119 hijackers in a very cruel sucker punch attack the world trade center, pentagon and crash a plane into pennsylvania field killing civilian targets. four months later i watch a military cargo plane landed at guantÁnamo and dislodge 20 men in orange jumpsuits and when the photos emerge it seems to reassure, meant to reassure americans that we got them and that was the set up. in both cases there would be trials and trials about war crimes and qu

three revelations while i was working on the book and those of foreign policy and what came before pearl harbor. and with containment what happened after 9/11 but i can tell you very little about american policy in the early decade and it was eye-opening. in fact my head exploded when i started to read that because but there is so little resemblance to the america that i known and have grown up in. and then to send the military forces and most of our history. that second revelation the reason we were isolationist and to extend the strategic reach was america exceptionalism to propagate the notion that foreign ambition would come at the expense of liberty and prosperity at home. instead we should perfect the american experiment in those also revelation to me that has been the opposite. and narrative that says america has to go out and run the world. that is a post-world war ii phenomenon in the final revelation that comes directly to your question about relevance for today is that i started this book well before trump was elected but when he came into office on his first day after swearin

1942 that were carried out in response to japan's bombing of pearl harbor. a discussion of the new book last mission to tokyo which i encourage you all to read. it is a page turner who is lessing's speak profoundly to today as the guest will tell you. the guests are the author, michelle, a leading human rights lawyer, security scholar whose litigated and one many high-profile cases including several of the landmark cases and several others. working for the pentagon military commission defense organization. michelle lectures at columbia law firm and is a fellow on national security and board of law graduate. carol rosenberg will be talking about the book award-winning senior reporter for "the new york times" working in collaboration with the center. rosenberg has been reporting in the u.s. and at guantÁnamo bay since the day it opened on january 11th, 2002. she started with the miami herald where before that she reported from the middle east and moved recently to "the new york times." she has won many awards including the robert f kennedy journalism award, th

this is the day after pearl harbor. fdr has come to the house chamber. he's addressed a joint chamber of congress. >> yesterday december 7, 1941, a date which will live in infamy. >> the senate goes back to its chamber and very quickly unanimously very quickly passes a war resolution and the house begins debating and the house members know that janet rankin is a pacifist and she is going to vote her conscience. so we have some oral histories of people who are in the chamber who recall members going up to rankin and asking her to vote present, don't vote no and she votes her conscience in the end and opposes the war and she's the lone vote into world war ii with the declaration of war against japan. that ended her political career. she goes back into private life and but she's a force in the anti-war movement really for another couple of decades and a remarkable career. >> in 2004 we commissioned a new portrait of janette rankin. she was a person who is so important in the rights and representation of congress. so when we commissioned it, we wanted to sho

writes about the doolittle raid's of 1942 there were carried out in response to japan's bombing of pearl harbor. >> welcome to the national world war ii museum evening presentation webinar. my name is jeremy collins and for those of you watching on zoom some brief housekeeping remarks. you are an attendee of our zoom event tonight and that means you do not have video or audio privileges but you can interact with our moderator and by the q&a box and the moderator will be reviewing those during the question-and-answer session which will conclude tonight's program and now to introduce the moderator, it is my pleasure to pass this program over to doctor rob said tino. >> thank you, jeremy. i'm here, senior historian at the national world war ii museum in new orleans, louisiana. we have special guest tonight a friend of the museum and my friend and a wonderful writer and author, ian told brady ian, welcome. >> thank you. reporter: and is probably one of those doesn't need an introduction and you all know the introduction could be long and and is an extremely accomplished scholar and he is the

in the immediate wake of pearl harbor, most americans believed simply that the u.s. had been treacherously attacked and we should get down to the business of war. if you made any attempts to analyze the issue further. however, not long after that, some historians began to examine the events of pearl harbor and to suggest there may be more to it than met the eye. these revisionists charged roosevelt secretly wanted the u.s. to be involved in the war. why would that be? because they said he had come to believe the new deal programs were not going to resolve the nation's economic problems and that could only be achieved through american involvement in the war.

it had changed in the course from the onset of the war at pearl harbor known for his elegant stylist reporting but still very much the initial imprint they take on a much more ambitious and almost magisterial role in its reporting never at that point had the any operations to be a big news operation it would be paralleled he had been a news man before that and when pearl harbor happened, that was it. the magazine went right away and one of his coeditors many of the writers were already finding themselves as writers and artists. a local feature writer that went off and became to report the war in north africa and the normandy invasion and the rest of it there's a pretty deep relationship in the department and operation they were working for curtis in the npr throughout the whole whole or. >> for the armed forces the military editors and military figures. they were to "the new york times" goliath. he is the quote on quote lunch man where he would send his correspondence into the field and he didn't know what the group was going to be. he just knew there was going to be one. >> he was a

it's created what has been dubbed the 1000000 yen mosque started with pearls and crystals, and more than a half carat of diamonds, just the 9 and a half 1000 dollars for that one. and even at that bargain price, no $1.00 bought one yet. company, quite a group of activists in cuba has gone on, a hunger strike against the detention of a rapper authorities say that he saudis has links with anti-government groups, but activists say the state's just trying to muzzle dissent. tourism has more on the images such as this are unusual in cuba, a group of dissidents trying to protest in the center of have an hour before long pro-government civilians harass the protesters. the demonstrators have come here to denounce the detention of singer beneath the lease, who has openly criticized the cuban government. only november, the police entered his house in havana, so elise asked the officer to leave and then insulted him, calling him a coward in a uniform. they're not going to, but not so they wouldn't see my face plotting to kidnap if they think they are going to scare me. they are wrong. i am ready to

2 or 3 years we can do the same in several more churches in the region where we like a string of pearls along the trench tie where hikers or even pilgrims can stop for a night. oh think of water coordinates the project there are village churches all over touring and with smaller and smaller congregations so new ideas are needed. thus is the strong sort of this is a chance to ensure these places aren't forgotten that we can bring them into the future and that they remain in public spaces that are available to their communities and localities all. during the day regular church services are held. in the evening to michael's church office hike has a very special place to stay along the trail. in the fall and vice versa biosphere reserve i catch up with the guided tour group . has been offering deer watching tours for many years we walked deep into the forest so hopefully we will see some animals soon. as i might it's a big i'd like to ask you to stop your conversations now and stick to.

opinion before pearl harbor,0% of the american public was agait. that gives you a sense of how strong the sentiment was. >> you sort of understand it as here is thi wood chipper. do you really want to stick your hand in that wood chipper and do you want your kids to go by o an island in the pacific you don't even know th name of people would actlly say no. i didn't really understand this until i started doing my work on the relations that brought me into that postwar period and the whole palestine thing i didn't realize aer the end of world wa ii americans had reverted to an isolationist approach that we dismantled 90% of the army and one of the reasons roosevelt made as many concessions as he did was he believed there waso way to keep american troops in europe for more tn a year after the end of the war. it really wasn't until stalin sort of began to loom much larger that actually that postwar consensus starts to take shape. it's stalin after hitler not to simply hitler. is that your reading? >>oosevelt himself was worried the internationalism wou

it must go back to pearl harbor. please expand upon this choice. >> admiral camel and general schwartz were the commanding officers in hawaii on december 7th, 1941, when the japanese attacked, relieved of command and spent the rest of the war answering to a series of investigations. the question to what degree are they culpable for the lack of military forces showed in being blindsided by the japanese during that attack and to what extent where they culpable, to what extent was unready ines -- unready nests of feature of peace time, that had the capability to attack such distances. to what extent were leaders in washington culpable but there was a lot of culpability to go around. in my view -- >> are you all right? i have to ask. >> a leap forward. >> in my view whatever you have to say about kimmel and schwartz and their command record it wasn't right to make them bear a large share of something. when blaine should have been more fairly distributed. i thought this was essentially this last year was going to settle t

welcome to the company city of where that island the pearl of the atlantic. my name is hope and i'm going to god you through the city of love to live out of the sea here on the streets of beautiful architecture. it's a very special place to live. let me introduce you to the old parts of the old town, 600 years ago for shell was born here. still you can see some houses still remain the same. one of the good interested. so the old town of these painting doors all around these streets. you can find several of art painted at the doors. here we are the middle. and here is the most visible place in the old island. is something that you have to come and see and see india to have fish, flowers, fruits, festivals, nice people. this fruit banana and an irish pineapple bun ana. the only grow here in mother it's really exotic and really sweet is one of my favorite ones. will take a walk in the cable car to a special place called want to move to a local mountain around $600.00 metres high. it's a fresh place during the summer and good choice for tourists and locals. one o

that's from the european point of view but i have to say where in my pearl ish hat we have our local trump assigned park here in warsaw and they've been quite close to president trump at and t. and they've got hers and they are delusional visas that add something you might not like in germany but sanctions are not free market popular here in poland because without the investment which is harmful to our central european interests were already finished so individual member states within the european union obviously have different relationships with the united states poland is an interesting example but in light of what donald trump has been doing recently could the e.u. with your e.u. hat on could the e.u. still view him as a reliable partner. well reliability is the last quality that springs to mind just like truthfulness no this is an unpredictable leader who is incompetent in foreign affairs he's managed to offend. older leaders of the democratic world that i can think of he seems to be much more comfortable with these chases but but even. with the present cio if you enjoy i don't s

after the bombing of pearl harbor, americans on the mainland work on high alert of enemy attack. many feared attacks on the pacific coast and east coast. the fears were not unfounded. the japanese released balloon bombs with a few hundred reaching u.s. shores. japanese ships were spotted off the coast of california. german u-boats interrupted shipping in the atlantic and gulf of mexico. military authorities thought it was only a matter of time before axis forces attempted landing operations, even if they were not on a grand scale. small nuisance skirmishes could create a lot of panic and fear in the u.s.. ultimately it became the responsibility of the coast guard to protect and defend america's coastline. german u-boats had sank ships, and the fear of the landing on american soil called for increased vigilance on the coast. believe it or not, hiller had a plan in place to create a sense of unease and panic in the u.s. and he was eager to prove to the united states that despite our physical distance from the war in europe, americans were still vulnerable. soon after the declaratio

after the bombing of pearl harbor, americans on the mainland were on high alert for enemy attack. many feared a japanese invasion on the pacific, coast or german evasion on the atlantic coast or gulf of mexico. the fierce weren't unfounded. the japanese did launch over 9000 balloon bombs with a few hundred reaching north american shores. japanese ships were spotted off the shores of north carolina, -- california. military authorities felt it was really only a matter of time until access forces attempted lending operations, even if the landings weren't on a grand scheme, small nuisance skirmishes could create a lot of panic and fear in the united states. so ultimately, it became the responsibility of the coast guard to protect and defend the coastline. and germany built and sank numerous ships. and the fear of letting saboteurs called for this increased vigilance in spotting them off the coast. believe it or not, hitler had a plan to create a sense of unease and panic in the. yes he was eager to prove to the united states that despite our physical distance from the war and europe,

after pearl harbor he didn't say this doesn't matter.oing to have a lot of bad news, it's going to get worse before it gets better. but as he said in his address to congress after pearl harbor, we will gain the inevitable triumph so help us god. >> instead of denialism, the president could use it as a rallying point for the american people. >> absolutely. >> michael beschloss, joining us this evening in easily the most beautiful and fitting reading room since thomas jefferson. thank you so much. always a pleasure. as we like to say have a good weekend unless you have other plans. that's going to do it for tonight and for this week as far as this broadcast is concerned. obviously continuing coverage of the 2020 presidential election without end. it continues with my colleague lawrence o'donnell at the top of the next hour after this quick break. . >> evening, this is night four. we are entering the fifth calendar day of counting votes in america to determine the winner of the electoral college. we already have a winner chosen by america's

because it's the capital of japan, a great industrial power where they make anything from artificial pearlso ocean liners. by 1958, morris was reporting for the bbc and writing travel books. a visit to venice after world war ii inspired an influential book that opened a new chapter. the whole sense of the city, the sadness of it, the beauty of it, the fascination, the fun of it all stuck — bonk — went into my mind, and i have never got rid of it from that day to this. its success paved the way for a career as a full—time writer, turning to history, with a trilogy on the british empire. but a momentous decision beckoned. never feeling right as a man, something morris's wife had always known, she became one of the first britons to undergo a gender reassignment operation. she wrote a book about it, conundrum, shocking some. she defended herself publicly. it's an arrogant, egotistical book about myself, and i'm afraid that you must take it or leave it. she lived in wales. it agreed with her softer side more than england, she said. she wrote more than a0 books, but always feared she'd be remembe

this time she was the only vote against the war, and the vote itself took place after pearl harbor, the passions were very high. there is very poignant photo of her sitting outside of a phone booth outside of congress she taken refuge she called the guards to get her. she was afraid for her personal safety. so she did not run again. what is really extraordinary about her is the tenacity that she fought for peace after she was out of office. from the forties, fifties and sixties, she was again and organizations, peace organizations. she traveled the world fighting for peace and that is what she absolutely believed in and she did it to the day she died. >> or look at u.s. politicians continues as we go from jeanette rankin's pacifist views to senator arthur vent embark and iconic isolation mist who changed his and republican parties foreign policy after the pearl harbor attacks. on december 7th >> i propose that no other nation has any chance to use our silence as an alibi for ulterior designs. if such there be. i propose action instead of words, i propose action now, i propose it from th

after pearl harbor he started traveling around the country to different training camps.he was promoted to the director of the chemical warfare service medical research laboratory and so when he was concerned about the threats they might watch a gas attack in europe he requested a doctor with a chemical warfare background and young alexander was sent to the allied force headquarters so now at 5 p.m. on december seven, 1943, five days after the attack, his plane touched down on the batter airfield and waiting was a group of senior british doctors. he could see they were immediately agitated and he was taken to the hospital. the situation was grim. all the equipment had been sunken in the air raid. however it was going to compound the tragedy. this place had taken a beating and the wall' walls scattered le hail and had knocked out the power so they were working by lamplight. hundreds and hundreds suffering from shock, burns and exposure almost all of them were covered in thick black crude oil. they were knocking together as fast as he could. the town ran out of caskets own

guests, ladies and gentlemen, aloha and welcome to the battleship missouri memorial here at historic pearl harbor if is 9:02 a.m. i am michael carr, i'm the president and chief executive officer of the uss missouri memorial association. it is an honor to snerve in tha capacity and to be your emcee today. this is the 75th anniversary of one of the most significant events in history, ending world war ii. first and fore momost the honor introduces our guests. i ask that you stand, if you're able, and remain standing. please hold your applaud to the end so we may honor them collectively for their service, courage, and sacrifice. mr. alcon. victor areola. oscar bangoey. walter ching. jack detour. paul newman. w wendall newman. theodore richson. arthur shack. joseph young. ladies and gentlemen, our world war ii veterans. [ applause ] >>> it's an honor to have you in our company today. the following world war ii veterans also call hawaii home, but unfortunately were unable to join us in person for today's ceremony. i'd like to take just a moment to recognize them by name. they are julio ramon, ar

in 2 or 3 years we can do the same in several more churches in the region but we like a string of pearls along the trench tie where hikers or even pilgrims can stop for a night and. overeager watercooled next the project there are village churches all over tearing in with smaller and smaller congregations so new ideas are needed. it doesn't look like this is a chance to ensure these places aren't forgotten that we can bring them into the future and that they remain public spaces that are available to their communities and localities all. during the day regular church services are held. in the evening to michael's church office hike has every special place to stay along the trail. in the fall invited by a few reserve i catch up with the guided tour group. has been offering deer watching tours for many years we walked deep into the forest so hopefully we will see some animals soon. as i might have thought because i'd like to ask you to stop your conversations now and stick together and you can ask me all the questions you want once we're up in the observation not. up there it's ok if you s

hard to say exactly when but before pearl harbor by the early part of 31 is a confirmed internationalist. / shift toward growth in his view for his own pacific experience and 43 is important to affirm for him, for young jack kennedy, the united states has to play a leading role in world affairs. so they have long discussions about what the us will should be and he comes back affirmed in that belief but he also comes back skeptical the military you see in his letters home that is interesting military leadership. >> if we can develop this when you see this to the end of his life so it is those two and his lieutenant and the young officer that the world is in any way abstract. because the whole generation of officers to become overconfident that america has nothing to worry about because we thought the nazi war machine he didn't come back with that kind of confidence in the american military and maybe in the american example to the world but not to impose our will. it may have been the experience of the south pacific and to have an eye on the darkness and the blind spots and the ability to

in 2 or 3 years we can do the same in several more churches in the region but be like a string of pearls along the trench tie well hikers or even pilgrims can stop for a night when i. think of water coordinates the project there are village churches all over tearing and with small and smaller congregations so new ideas i need it. doesn't look like this is a chance to ensure these places aren't forgotten that we can bring them into the future and that they remain public spaces that are available to their communities and localities all. during the day regular church services are held. in the evening to michael's church office hike has a very special place to stay along the trail. in the fall and vice versa biosphere reserve i catch up with the guided tour group my view and has been offering deer watching tours for many years we walked deep into the forest so hopefully we will see some animals soon. as i might have thought because i'd like to ask you to stop your conversations now and stick together. you can ask me all the questions you want once we're up at the observation art. up there it

2 or 3 years we can do the same in several more churches in the region where we like a string of pearls along the trench tie where hikers or even pilgrims can stop for a night when i. think of altar coordinates the project there are village churches all over tearing and with smaller and smaller congregations so new ideas i need it . doesn't look like this is a chance to ensure these places aren't forgotten that we can bring them into the future and that they remain public spaces that are available to their communities and localities all. during the day regular church services are held. in the evening to michael's church office hike has a very special place to stay along the trail. in the fall and by biosphere reserve i catch up with the guided tour group. has been offering deer watching tours for many years we walked deep into the forest so hopefully we will see some animals soon. as i might it's a big i'd like to ask you to stop your conversations now and stick together. and you can ask me all the questions you want once we're up in the observation not. up there it's ok if you speak qu

something to be used to make atomic bombs and the substance was discovered in 1941 about ten months before pearl harbor by these two scientists, actually it was discovered in this laboratory. the one on the right in a dark suit is the who at the time in 1941 was a 29-year-old chemist at the university of california at berkeley. that's what this is located and he was working with a 23-year-old graduate student named art wall was in the light suit. in this laboratory where there standing isolated and new element that they named plutonium. in fact, they are holding in the laboratory here the very first sample of plutonium which they stored in this cigar box and the use the sample to make critical measurements of whether not plutonium was going to be able to work in atomic bombs. this photograph was taken when the laboratory was being designated a national historic landmark, even though they tried as hard as they could to be careful during their experiment. this laboratory had to be thoroughly scrubbed before this event to reduce the amount of radioactivity that was to present in the countertops and

in 2 or 3 years we can do the same in several more churches in the region but be like a string of pearls along the trench where hikers or even pilgrims can stop for a night or. overtake of water coordinates the project there are village churches all over touring and with smaller and smaller congregations so new ideas a need it. doesn't look like this is a chance to ensure these places aren't forgotten that we can bring them into the future and that they remain public spaces that are available to their communities and localities all. during the day regular church services are held. in the evening to michael's church office hike has every special place to stay along the trail. in the fall invite biosphere reserve i catch up with the guided tour group mob your nickel has been offering deer watching tours for many years we walked deep into the forest so hopefully we will see some animals soon. as i might it's a big i'd like to ask you to stop your conversations now and stick together. you can ask me all the questions you want once we're up at the observation out. there it's ok if you speak q

after pearl harbor he started traveling around the country to different training camps, to teach armymedical personnel how to treat chemical casualties. he was promoted, at the medical research territory, when general eisenhower concerned about the threat hitler might want to get attack in europe, and the chemical warfare background, young alexander was sent to allied force headquarters in algiers. at 5:00 pm, after the attack, alexander's plane touched down, waiting for him were a group of senior british doctors. they were immediately agitated and he was taken to the hospital at once, he wrote in his diary. the situation was grim. five plan american field hospital sunk in the air raid. all the doctors were safe and scrambled to open the 20 sixth american general hospital the morning after the raid following advantages to help care for the scores of bombing victims. we have a picture of the hospital. the lack of medical supplies was going to compound the tragedy. by some miracle, the 90 eighth general hospital has been spared but they had taken a beating, and the brecht up wall scatte

come up healthier go in with fresh air like pearl boat personal pride that this could get over to think everybody is aware that. you know stuff and people at home watching this far where the fact that the votes that are currently being counted where the malin votes which were predominantly democratic vote since most democrats were planning on voting via the mail system and the also where the fact that a lot of the counties that are being counted right now in pennsylvania a pro biden counties these days kind of discussion conversation going on where you are people aware of that. people are aware that of course those holidays are proceeding and of old calendar rounds of golf ball on court about for a bell theology and you have. to count the ballots for mail day and they are counted out this day in tech summit 3 photo from one of them a lot of the south side not really at this concert or and just saying anything that . drowned the drum crowd and that storm crawled through every opportunity for yelled back at the dance party over there forgotten where we all got level. step and simon in phi

and then michele recalls the doolittle rates of 1942 and american response the japanese bombing of pearl harbor. later it is an author discussion on immigrants, refugees, the american dream from a recent virtual southern festival of books in nashville. you can buy more schedule information online @booktv.org or consult your program guide. ♪ ♪ >> history and biography is sponsored by wells fargo. ♪ ♪ >> i'meather cox richardson is festive history i'm thrilled to be at the national book festival this year course i'm not in washington i'm here on the coast of maine, sitting in front of all the books i used to write the books i write. and in the space where i produce things. so i am thrilled to be here, talking about my new book how the south won the civil war. democracy and the continuing fight for the soul of america. these are names i did not come up with but somewhat listen to it i was trained to write about it said this is the only possible title you can have. the reasonhe said that was because the book is really started really as an attempt to understand why today's republican party is

he's going to show us his hometown food show and welcome to the company city of where that island the pearl of the atlantic. my name is and i'm going to god you true, the city of love to show how the seat of the sphere on the streets how beautiful architecture. it's a very special place to live. let me introduce you to the old part of the old town, 600 years ago for shell was born here. still you can see some houses still remain the same. one of those get interested, some of the old, these painting doors all around these streets, you can find several of art painted at the doors. here we are, the medic on the elevator though it is. and here is the most visible place in the old island. is something that you have to come and see and see due to how fish flowers, fruits, festivals, nice people this fruit banana and an irish pineapple. banana. only grow here in motherhood and it's really exotic and really sweet as one of my favorite ones. now i will take your walk in the cable car to a special place called want more it is a local mountain around 600 meters high. it's a fresh place during the summ