pemberton has five divisions. he crosses the big black river and bakers creek with three of those divisions, leaving two in vicksburg. none of those division commanders have any confidence in pemberton. probably a good reason why, but they don't have any confidence. william loring, who had gotten into it with stonewall jackson, sent west. if you start east and get sent west, it's like getting sent to the minor leagues. [laughter] if you do really bad there, you might get sent to fight the indians in minnesota. [laughter] but loring is is sent west, causing problems for pemberton. john bowen, he causes problems for john pemberton. carter stevenson, largest division in the army, two of the three generals, actually, will ignore commands at the battle of champion hill from pemberton to move north. if you noticed, the majority of the fighting takes place in the northern part. if you look on raymond road, there is not a major union push. very small numbers will hold there. on the middle road, not a lot of heavy fighting

this is what pemberton was writing.re fatigued, and i don't think that he is talking to jocelyn, but i don't believe that the victory at vicksburg will be left in, but i comply with the order, and you don't see it with anything other than exuding desperation. i think it due to myself, they will bring it to the report that the advanced movement of the army from edwards' depot to the afternoon of the 15th, is made in judgment to my previous ly given judgments, and you can see the confederate and the high command at champion hill. obviously, difference of leadership there. and the leadership is, i'm concerned, and not getting into the nit ti grittics of the tactic, but that is how the battle turned out the way it did and how the campaign is going to break the backbone of confederate existence and how they will try to get out of the two avenues of escape from those becomes held by union forces and only one way out, and in fact, one of grant's three or pemberton's divisions is cut off. so pemberton fumbles back to the black

pemberton.and he began petitioning to be transferred out of the district. to replace ripley, pemberton would rise through the ranks. as all of these shifting of officers would occur, letters began pouring into richmond to lead requesting someone, anyone, to replace john c. pemberton. william miles, former united states congressman wrote a letter begging him to replace b pemberton as he does not possess the confidence of his troops and the people. he would even rk mend the abandoning of fort sumpter in charleston harbor fulfilling an earlier design of strategy that robert e. lee laid out before leaving for richmond. this suggestion of abandoning these forts was the last straw for confederate officials in south carolina including governor pickens who blew his top upon hearing this. and pickens would now join a whole chorus of those begging richmond for a new department commander. now, contrarily to all the problems the confederate high command were having in this theater, those officers and men th

go.t is ready to look what pemberton is writing.uchr will struggle very in directing this move, i do not think you fully comprehend the addition vicks per will be left in that i complied once with your order. you don't see it zing with anything but desperation there. later on he adds, i think due to myself and bringing this portion of my report to a conclusion to staff emphatically -- state emphatically that it was made against my judgment in opposition to my previously expressed contentions. basically, it ain't my fault. you see the differences between the union high command and the confederate high command at champion hill. a tremendous difference in the two sides were leadership is concerned. that overalld that's why the battle turns out the way it did. it breaks the backbone of the federal resistance. pemberton will try to get out those two avenues around baker's creek to the west. the three had become to. held bykly becomes union forces and there is only one way out. one of pemberton's three divisions is actually cut off. so pe

so pemberton fumbles back to a big ridge. the confederate army is devastated, grant of course secures ground he is so much desired.. >> have you july for the fast 25 years the gettysburg has hosted a reenactment depicting cap life next we talked around actors, about victoria era marriage expectations and civil war brothels. >> my name is cheryl williamson i'm portraying today the reenactment what it would've been like to abandon victorian prostitute. the time of the american civil war which was at the mid smack victorian period. they were very very few

as well as cynthia pemberton at lewis clark state college. vy i have directed our universities, community colleges, and state board of education to adopt a fresh, bold, approach to meeting the needs of idaho students and businesses by breaking down silos and working together as a more interconnected higher education system. to that end, i'm recommending the development of cybersecurity programs that will be offered jointly by boise state university, idaho state, and the university of idaho. this increased level of collaboration across idaho's higher education institutions will offer idahoans a path to earn a degree in a high-demand profession by partnering with idaho employers including the idaho national laboratory. we are identifying what employers need in their workfor workforce, and we are responding. high schools across the state are offering more and more career technical education programs hand in hand with local businesses. this is especially important for businesses in rural idaho that are more susceptible to a talent shortage. i'm r

pemberton requests a truce and explains that. at the battle of fort gibson the confederate commander approached him after the battle and grant said no. there are these really cool decisions. when he wrote to lincoln about one of these charges, in his official report, minimal casualties, he was so afraid of getting sacked that he didn't want to pile up an indictment against himself. he is learning how to fight as he goes along. a strange kind of dialect here. grant is incapable of taking vicksburg in 1862, doesn't know how to do it. vicksburg at the same time isn't the most important city in the confederacy. only when memphis goes down does vicksburg pop up. same with grant. all of a sudden he is right there when vicksburg becomes the bastian so it is a great heavyweight fight. before that was lightly armed but after grant invaded vicksburg, after the navy invaded vicksburg, bombarded the place and wound up being a rebel victory. in memphis. they built up defenses, vicksburg at its peak. it is like fraser and ali and is a great ba

jonathan: who would've thought that for john pemberton, 100 years later you would have a guy from englandning the company? james: it is really a fantastic global business that has gone from that one small idea to 500 brands most everywhere. jonathan: your insight into the fantasticrldwide is a position to begin. what do you see now in terms of consumer strength? james: we still see the consumer doing pretty well. it was pretty stable through 2019, and while the economic forecast came down a little, we see us going into 2020 with the consumer doing pretty well. i know there are some sectors out there that are a little more ropey. it seems some part of the consumers doing well globally. give us consumer -- u.s. consumer, still seems to be some strength there, but globally, it seems look a stable outlook. jonathan: appetites are changing. there's a younger generation that is far more health conscious than a decade or so ago. how do you adapt to that? james: i think there are two adaptations. they want choice. different categories, different beverages. we offer a wide variety of different dri

pemberton will try to get out the two avenues of escape to the west. three had become two. in fact, one of those quickly becomes held by union forces. there is only one way out. three pemberton's divisions is actually cut off. and ison fumbles back beaten there the next day. the confederate army is devastated. secures therse grout he had so much desired. now all he has to do is actually take vicksburg. >> you can watch this and other american history programs on our website where all of our videos are archived. that is c-span.org/history. [drumming] mccarty: my name is kim mccarty. i am the curator here at washington historic park in pennsylvania. today is a very special day. we are doing a reenactment of george washington's crossing of the delaware river on christmas night, 1776. what happenere

pemberton, but a lot of it was his own making. there is no doubt about that. time is up. thank you very much. [applause] >> you're watching american history tv, all weekend, every weekend on c-span3. of the key world war two battles of 1944 took place in eastern british india when forces under japanese general maraguchi launched an offensive from their stronghold in burma. explores this turning point of the burma campaign, a japanese defeat largely at the head of british and indian forces. this was part of the national world war ii museums annual conference. announcer: ladies and gentlemen, welcome back. as we get into this next session, i'm sure you noticed on the official program that we're one speaker short for this panel. dr. raymond callahan due to circumstances beyond his control could not be with us today so we're sorry that we are missing him today, but, you know, his friends here in new orleans are certainly thinking about him. to lead this session, we have called on one of the most distinguished military historians that we're very fortunate to have right up the

for mayor lucas for being home to one of the only grandparent apartments buildings in the country, pembertonark. there are a number of intergenerational the number is increasing in terms of multigenerational families. i am wondering if topeka and rochester hill are thinking about how to better serve those families? mayor barnett: i lead with this. metro detroit and rochester hills is driven by the auto industry. one of the conversations we are having is how autonomous vehicles should not be a scary thing. we spent so much focusing on the last mile. most people don't realize, you live a decade after your driving privileges are probably going to expire. instead of focusing on the last mile, focusing on the last decade. it is not about texting are going to work. it is about my grandma having the mobility and the freedom to get to doctor's appointments, to get to the grocery store. whether it is housing, being intentional about those conversations with the senior populations in your community is , incredibly important. we have found that has tremendous benefits for us. it's not that our populati