tonight she has agreed to take questions following her remarks, you will note the paper and pen playspace seats. should a question arise that you'd like to ask please write it on paper and someone will collect it and pass it along. please welcome the honorable, janet yellen. [applause] >> thank you so much, michael. i'm delighted to address the national economists club and also honored to be associated with herb stein. his public service and scholarship characterized by careful analysis, clear and pragmatism, sharp whip, exemplified the best in our profession. herb was willing to consider new ideas and approaches to government policy. that openness fits with the subject of my remarks today. namely, i will discuss the unconventional monetary policy tools used by the federal reserve since the start of financial crisis pain great recession. and the roles these tools may play in addressing future economic challenges. nearly ten years ago with our nation mirrored in its worst economic and financial crisis since the great depression the federal open market committee confronted a key challenge t