so pepfar the program itself that fights aids needs a head.oes pepfar take on the broader pandemic response? i don't think so. but it is absolutely helping in these african countries which is undergoing a disastrous and dangerous situation. is that structure something that the covid vaccine effort could be channeled through? or is it a model that should be used to set up something parallel but separate? >> so two things. one is that it doesn't have it now. covid pandemic has really set it back. so the program that fights aids. i don't think so. it is absolutely helping in these african countries undergoing such a preventible surge. but it provides the blueprint, right? for what we do need. an empowered head that can, has a direct line to the president and that can coordinate whole range of agencies that do work. so this isn't a program or entity that we want to see sitting in the cdc or the department of defense. you want to see it many place with an empowered head directly able to get to the president with the power to coordinate all these ag

so pepfar the program itself that fights aids needs a head.ader pandemic response? i don't think it provides the right? for what we do need. an empowered head that can, has a direct line to the president and that can coordinate whole range of agencies that do work. so this isn't a program or entity that we want to see sitting in the cdc or the department of defense. you want to see it many place with an empowered head directly able to get to the president with the power to coordinate all these agencies. that's what they did. they don't love working together. so you have a lot of money that brings everybody to the table and keeps them there. >> emily bass, journalist, aids activist. the author of to end a plague. america's fight to defeat aids in america. what ought to be seen as a national asset. something we ought to be proud of and build on and celebrate a lot more than we do. especially at a time we need to be doing something quite like this again. great to see you. congratulations. thanks. >> nice to see you, too. thanks. ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ s

that is what pepfar did.ey that brings everybody to the table and keeps them there. >> emily bass, journalist, aids activist the author of two end of played america's fight to defend aids in africa, telling the history in detail of what needs to be seen as a national asset, something we ought to be proud of, and celebrate a lot more than we do especially at a time when we need to do something quite like this again. emily bass, it's great to see you, congratulations, thanks. >> nice to see to, thanks, rachel. >> we will be right back. >> we've been talking tonight about what's going wrong on covid in some parts of the country and also some reasons to be hopeful about what our country can do to fight the pandemic, here is some news today that is what is going wrong about things. rhonda sand hisses up for reelection next year his reelection campaign just drop with their describing as exclusive merchandise, it includes a peace search that says don't fauci my florida, or a don't fauci my florida beer cozy, i'm sur

understood that there was a tremendous effort on the part of just countless providers, clinicians, pepfar, national governments to ensure that in the covid pandemic there were not treatment interruptions. everybody understood the centrality of trying to keep people on treatment. but many, many health care that you would put in the category of elective, like, for example, do i need an h.i.v. test today? is it worth going to the clinic and risking exposure to covid? or should i refill that prescription? these really, i think, were more profoundly effective than the treatment area. so we're going to be analyzing for a very long time the impact of covid-19 on that aspect of the h.i.v. pandemic. but we should be clear based on the 2019 data, and everybody will remember that 2020 was supposed to be the year that we were going to achieve all these targets of the last target. we already knew and we were publishing on this and many others did that in 2018 and 2019, we were not going to make those 2020 targets in reduction of new infection. that incidents was a remaining problem. now, u.n.a. report

gems was a very large study that was joint with pepfar, usaid, a network, over 100,000 people followed in prep programs. and the question that they were really looking at and interested in is, among people on prep -- and these are real-world settings, kenya, south africa -- how much drug resistance are we seeing in people who acquire acquire agent -- hiv -- who acquire h.i.v. while on these prep programs? because that, of course, is an existential threat. maureen mentioned anti-viral resistance really is a challenge. it turned out, first of all, there were not that many infections. the infection rate overall is about .2%. that's amazing. that is amazing. these are places where the incidents in people not using preventive measures and not accessing prep is generally around 2% or higher. so that is a log decline. that in and of itself is important. but most of the drug resistance they did find did turn out to be from the infected partners who transmitted to somebody. it was not primary prep resistance. that's not what was emerging so that also is very good news. and it, again, appears to

appears that there are some companies now that are just basically ignoring the requirements and i know pepfard on their prior are you prepare to reject your application? >> i can't comment on individual individual -- >> how about this? if there are bad act is to have previously shown that their t conduct is violative or thumbing its nose at the government regulations with that he taken into account? >> good desai be taken into account. >> one of the biggest concerns is these young people don't appreciate that there is nicotine in e-cigarettes. you think we need to improve the labeling requirements of e-cigarettes or should we just ran them outright? >> you think is likely we should make sure people are aware of the nicotine comment -- that would be an extremely important thing to do. as we discussed earlier i think we are focused on recovery for teens to get them off of their nicotine addiction. i don't know the health care community is well aware of what ways might work for youth who aree addicted to nicotine but nt cigarettes. >> the amount of nicotine in e-cigarettes is 12 milligrams. is t

united states had not done that, who knows where ebola would be within the congo and well beyond, and pepfar george w. bush's tremendous creation, and 17 million people alive today, and lives saved because of the generosity of the taxpayer, and also giving the world an ability to get hiv/aids under control relatively speaking. we still have objectives not met in that regard, but both in the interests and the wealth of the american people and still consistent with the values that senator kaine has talked about as far as people's gratitude, and sense of partnership with the united states, because unlike our competitors, we are not extracktive in the way that we provide the development assistance and we are not transactional, and we are not asking for something in return and not asking to make a buck on the covid vaccines when people are in the hour of greatest need, and that is spirit in which the development assistance has provided that spirit of partnership, and as it happens, it then translates to more influence in the world, and ability to advance the interests in other ways and ability to

>> we serve 95,000 more in pepfar than we did 10 years ago. the budget -- a lot of the covid spending last year on cbc was to catch up tickets we underfunded our public health structure for many years so these basic appropriations bills were 10 years ago we were looking for savings that what we got was a chronic underinvestment that we had to make up for when we saw ourselves in the middle of a pandemic sub there are real-life consequences to the budget control act and the effort to not keep up with inflation. it's a 16% difference in what the historical share of gdp is almost programs. >> of course we are referring to nominal dollars in real terms frankly in -- that a bank cut most areas of the last decade. you aren't in the weeds person. the concept of dynamic scoring i know can be controversial and cbo applies it to tax cuts but they don't apply it to the investment that we are talking about here. you think it's appropriate that we do dynamic scoring in general and properly account for the growth we will have? >> i think the reason and you

and that bill, pepfar, was one of the greatest, most generous, most effective bills passed in my lifetimend the most significant piece of legislation ever for the country, the continent of africa. it was mike enzi's skill, toughness, compassionate determination that got it done and kept it on track for a decade. millions of lives have been saved. millions of lives have been saved as a result of that one mission of mike enzi. mike had a story he would tell about his approach to tough problems. i have -- i have heard this probably 50 times over the years, but i still wish i could hear it and hear him tell it one more time. i will try to do it justice. the -- mike was in south africa. by the way, this -- this thing that happened to him down there, something that changed his whole mission of prayer. he was with paul. i can't tell you who paul's last name was. mike couldn't tell us who paul's last name was. but he was a leader in south africa. on one of his first visits, mike asked paul what he could do for him. paul asked mike to pray, and mike said he would pray for solutions. the way mike t

including her leadership on pepfar, the global fund and to fight aids. this makes clear as president biden has said, america is back. it is a strong statement of america's leadership in the world. with this legislation america is taking the lead in the climate fight with over $3 billion to address the climate crisis in the first ever appropriations to the green climate fund and setting an example on public health providing $10 billion to support family's health around the world and prevent future pandemics. also in terms of global health, we are repealing the global gag rule, a dangerous rule that did he prieives families of family planning services and investing for maternal and child health in fighting infectious diseases including h.i.v. and aids. this funding invests in human rights in other initiatives to support the lgbtq community, support disability rights and protect persecuted and religious. billions for refugee initiatives and protecting democracy and the rule of globe and contains billions of economic support to partners to advance peace, pro