>> i don't think you can have democracy without political parties. i don't think -- i think, first of all, people organize themselves i parties. the reason third parties never get any place, the reason independence never get any place is because what's an independent? what is a? nobody knows. people call themselves independence. they don't know what it is. parties are a shorthanded for voters understanding democracy. so you know, if you call yourself a republican it means probably to kind of like no taxes and you don't think the government should be in business very much and it kind of screws things up in business. you call yourself a democrat you kind of think that the government ought to help out people more than it's doing or help out people to a certain extent. parties are critical to democracies, and may be as we spoke before, maybe multiparty systems work but you have to have parties. because otherwise democracy doesn't mean anything and otherwise you don't know what you were voting for and what you're likely to get. so i don't think it's very r

the process itself should allow people that don't want to be in the political party. whatever it is everyone should be able to participate. >> your preference is a california styled preliminary candidate who may be from the same party. >> you get five candidates from the primary and go to the general election. there's a lot of stuff flying by year. there's various options of preliminary, final and then how the votes are portioned. if you've got an open primary state than anyone can come in and vote. or the nonregistered states but the vast majority of states only a few closed primary states that don't allow independent affiliated so this is about those few. >> in the cases you are describing, i think that forcing voters to choose a democratic or republican ballot is increasingly unpopular and people want to vote for the best candidate. >> what is the manifestation? >> people going to vote in texas and when they are greeted at the pole they say do you want a democratic or republican ballot stand in that line, the republican ballot that line. they say i'm not comfortable

>> can't have democracy without political parties. think first of all, people organized themselves by parties. recent third parties never get any place, independents never get any place, what is independent? nobody knows. people call themselves independent, they don't know what it is. parties are a shorthand for a voters understanding democracy. if you call your self a republican it means you like low taxes and don't think the government should be in business much and it screws things up in business or call your self a democrat you think the government ought to help out people more than it is doing or help out people to a certain extent. parties are critical to democracy and multiparty systems work but you have to have parties otherwise democracy doesn't mean anything and you don't know what you are voting for or what you're likely to get so it's not realistic to go nonpartisan. the second point is, the parties organizing the system but who else would do it? the system is not organized by parties but state legislatures, funding primar

yes, i t to party, but you know, when it comes to politics here, it's all about building blocks. it's all about coalitions and getting those 61 seats. so even the smallest party, even with just 4 seats, which is the minimum threshold of entering the israeli class at these re, department will have major power when it comes to coalition building. what's at stake? well, what one major change that could happen if benjamin netanyahu is blocked does come to power. if he does form a government is, as you just mentioned it to my ben gavia. very controversial right wing, far fringes of the right politician. and that is really i, he's gained a lot of momentum in these elections and his party expected to come 3rd, according to the polls, will be part of netanyahu's government. if there will be such a thing and will be appointed, one of the main ministries, some speculation that it could be the public ministry which deals with the police. now this is a man who has called for the expulsion of all palestinians who is called for the annexation of the west bank, who has brandished his own weapon

looks, it is, you know, a political party _ this?s _ this? looks, it is, you know, a political party does not - this? looks, it is, you know, a political party does not accept | this? looks, it is, you know, a. political party does not accept if the government said were not going to hold an election. political parties mobilise the public and that is how you, that is where your democratic and so the democratic thing to do is to mobilise the public and protest. find thing to do is to mobilise the public and protest. and protest, the did. public and protest. and protest, they did. some _ public and protest. and protest, they did. some throwing - public and protest. and protest, they did. some throwing rocks l public and protest. and protest, i they did. some throwing rocks and police throwing tear gas in return. the former minister has made it clear he will not back down. let's get some of the day's other news. financial analysts have warned that germany is heading for recession, as new figures show a slump in orders for its exports as t

don hunter, a political party, some members of that. some members of his party, so maybe we hope that, you know, there is some diffusion or there some partial can diffuse. and in that inch, very busy urban issue bridge, the people stand with the military to design the military order. they answered. so pakistan, military, hosp, innovative, respectful institution in the country are all door. if you look at magazines history and more than it's 75 years of its history. military has ruled for more than 3 tickets. and even in the military got in the 7 civil and government military have meddled in our politics influencing the prime minister on important security policy is important of foreign policy decisions. despite that on it a, despite that people have respected the military, but i think em down. hm has been able to damage that image and that criticism of the military it was resonated among people. so i think that support the military enjoyed for many years. i was damaged, finish believable, thanks so much for coming in and bring that down

ah, may be and there are reports that some members of the government have spoken to enhance a political party from members of that some members of his party. so maybe we hope that, you know, there is some diffusion, are there some partial, a diffuse in that inch? very busy urban ish or word to the people stand with the military to this. i'm the military order, the instant. so pakistan, military, hosp, innovative, respectful institution in the country are all door. if you look at parkinson's history in more than 75 years of its history, military has ruled for more than 3 decades. and even in the military got under 7 civilian governments, military have meddled in our politics, influencing the prime minister on important security policy is important of foreign policy decisions. despite that, um it a, despite that people have respected the military, but i thing him down. hm. has been able to damage that image and that criticism of the military it was resonated among people. so i think that support the military enjoyed for many years. i was damaged, finish, believe about, thanks so much for coming

politics. you i certainly was not very interested in party politics-— in party politics. cs. you are a campaign before - in party politics. you are a campaign before you - campaign before you are interested in party politics but you're also quicker, is that important to your values? i quicker, is that important to your values? ,. ., ., ., , values? i discovered that when i was at the university _ values? i discovered that when i was at the university in _ values? i discovered that when i was at the university in campaigns - values? i discovered that when i was at the university in campaigns and l at the university in campaigns and peace, unfairness and workers' rights with things like the campaign and climate issues and in the universities where it was through some of the individuals that i met in those campaigns and several individuals that i thought were particularly effective and proven in principle, it turned out that several of them were also quakers that peaked my interest and made me think 0k, that peaked my interest and made me think ok, maybe there's something to

reduce the political influence of the russian world . the russians, they slow down quite a lot of initiatives in local authorities, that is why the cleaning of these deputies about russian partiescome one of the tasks for the ukrainian parliament. well, yes, but enough for some reason did not become p. andriy, you as a people's deputy can explain the political logic in general or some other logic of the fact that, for example, derkach or medvedchuk are still people's deputies of ukraine, what do they still need to do in order to be deprived of this proud status. see this question is more complicated than it may seem, and there are a lot of components here, if we start with the overall picture, then we are fighting not just for our independence, for the rights and freedoms of man and citizen, and for the territorial integrity of ukraine we are fighting, including for the rule of law, and many issues cannot be resolved with emotions. and it is necessary to resolve them in a way defined by the law, as my colleague rightly said, many issues are not settled on the one hand, and on the other hand, they are precisely settled, and emotional decisions will only lead to that that we can

, socialism was never able to form a single coherent political party in this country, socialist leaders almost entirely intellectual endlessly split over ideological minutia. there were social democrats and many others. debs joined the socialist party in 1901, a party formed with the merger of the social democratic party and socialist labor party. iran for president on this ticket 5 times, in 1912 received 900,000 votes, fully 6% of the total vote. in 1920 won 3.4% of the vote though he was in jail for sedition at the time. the socialist party was adamantly opposed to american participation and debs spoke out in favor of resisting the draft. sentenced to 10 years president lauren harding commuted the sentence to time served after debs served nearly 3 years in jail. after the collapse of bizarre regime in russia and subsequent takeover by the bolsheviks along with this country's entry into world war i the united states experienced the first of two twentieth century red scares. there are reasons for these scares, there were numerous attempts to bomb people and property, the washin

of an electoral bloc of political parties to a member of the parliamentary faction of this politicalolitical parties or leaving the people's deputy of ukraine from the composition of such a faction , his death, but when and why and which of the people's deputies of ukraine were deprived of their mandates in the material of our colleagues, the first people's deputy in the history of ukraine to be deprived of their mandate was pavlo lazarenko , the head of the all-ukrainian association of the community, on february 7, 2002, the verkhovna rada terminated his powers in the late 1990s, a number of criminal proceedings were opened against lazarenko in ukraine , switzerland, and the united states. he served his sentence in the united states. lazarenko was twice included in dozens of the most corrupt public figures in the world in 2004 according to the version of transferinci international and in 2008 according to the version of the world bank together with the un. in 2013, the supreme administrative court deprived two people's deputies of the majority, pavlo baluga and oleksandr dombrovsky,

we discussed possible changes that will affect the activities of public associations and political partiest, e, denotes the role of public phenomena, their place in the political process in legislative initiatives, but, in fact, has become zero readings for a number of bills and despite the fact that the discussion of the draft law by political parties was declared. we touched everything together with the deputies and leaders of public organizations and touched the law of the drafts of all the belarusian people's assembly, but civil society. in particular, legislators are considering the possibility of providing heads of public associations have the right to indicate as the address of registration of the place of their direct work. at the same time, the activities of associations should be constructive and constructive in nature. the bill provides for a ban on propaganda of war, a violent change in the constitutional order of social national religious racial hatred, the implementation of extremist and terrorist activities , the liquidation procedure will be applied to such structures. afte

guest: i hear your frustration with members of both political parties, particularly more extreme members. bad actors in politics, there have always been bad actors in politics. look at countries abroad interested in stabilizing the u.s. it is an ugly system and a tough system, but it is what we have. democracy is what we have. i would be careful to not get discouraged all on the left or all on the right. there is a variety of different reasons why people support donald trump and have followed donald trump. i think centralizing any group into one or two things as completely bad actors is problematic. there are definitely bad actors in various political parties and movements, this is an orientation to controlling power, dividing and conquering groups. we know a fair amount about that. it is not new to political systems. but it is discouraging and frustrating, and it is frustrating when you look at some of our past leaders and the seeds they've sowed and how they have come to roost here, the acceptance and tolerance of certain kinds of character in our leaders and how that has come to roost

political parties the founders as a group including washington all regarded political parties as evil vultures that were floating to the political atmosphere. jefferson even claimed if i have to go to heaven as a third-party i prefer not to go at all. washington believed and said i think john adams is the only other president. and so and washington's second term, now political scientists think the creation of political parties is one of the major contributions they made but because it disciplines dissent and the possibility of opposition which is a good thing. washington and adams let's stick with washington was incapable of thinking a political parties anything other than an evil intrusion. he could not see himself as the head of a party. and so you might think he's in an actor is him he is a classical figure in that. i would build on something again. the aurora, you look up and textbooks they will say the opposing party that comes into existence is called the democratic republican party. wrong. it's not called the democratic republican party it is called the republican party buried

and says no thank you, goodbye, political parties mobilise the public.hat is how you are democratic. and so the democratic thing to do is to mobilise the public and protest. mobilise the public and protest-— mobilise the public and rotest. , , protest. and protest they did. some throwing _ protest. and protest they did. some throwing rocks - protest. and protest they did. some throwing rocks and - protest. and protest they did. i some throwing rocks and police throwing tear—gas in return. the former prime minister has made it clear he will not back down. samira hussain, bbc news, lahore. for more on this we can speak to samina yasmeen, she's the director of the centre for muslim states and societies at the university of western australia. professor, thank you very much forjoining us. good afternoon to you in melbourne. these accusations mr khan is making, no evidence to back them up, as you have heard. what is he trying to achieve here? i think he isim— trying to achieve here? i think he isjust raising _ trying to achieve here? i think he isjust raising

no, not at all and i certainly was not very interested in party politics. igner before you are interested in party politics but you're also quaker, is that important to your values? i discovered that when i was at the university in campaigns and peace, unfairness and workers�* rights with things like the campaign and climate issues and in the universities where it was through some of the individuals that i met in those campaigns and several individuals that i thought were particularly effective and driven and principled, it turned out that several of them were also quakers that peaked my interest and made me think ok, maybe there's something to this thing if all of these people i admire are members. alongside this, you're wearing a white poppy which, what do you think it's a symbol of? i remember service people who have fallen as many of us do but i wear the white poppy to say never again and that we must work towards peace rather than just solving our disagreements through war and suffering. is it a symbol of pacifism? i probably wouldn't say i'm absolutely

party system. what do i mean by that? we have stark political divisions in our country. tually every other place in the western world would result in different parties for even our neighbor to the north, canada which has a like us losers or outsiders cannot easily gain control of an established brand through the primaries. and then use that brand to force a primary brand on perhaps unwilling voters. that's what happens all the time if you are an outsider to a political system use the outsider to establish and become inside. and that is exactly those cases that we sell the primaries become extremely decisive this year. the republican party as all large parties in a two-party or any large party even a multiparty system has significant factions. but what has happened since thed trump era is the old factions which were based on ideology, largely have as i mentioned in my "washington post" column yesterday, have become redefined over the question of where you stand on donald trump. and they are associated ideas that go along with that. all party ideas be represented as the par

scientists think that the creation of political parties is one of the major contributions the founders made to political thought, because it disciplines dissent and creates the possibility of a legitimate opposition, which is a good thing. washington and adams were cognitively incapable of thinking of a political parties anything other than an evil intrusion. he could not see himself as the head of a party. you might think he is an anachronism. but he is a classical figure. and i would build on something, again, that lindsay said. in the second term, the aurora, the -- you will look up in textbooks and they will say, the opposing party that comes into existence is called the democratic republican party. wrong. it's not called the democratic republican party, it's called the republican party. the word democratic and democracy is an epithet in the 18th century. it means mob rule. democratic republican doesn't come into existence until 1860 with monroe. it's tricky, because that party morphs into the democratic party, but it's even worse than

representatives, they were supposed to represent simply the population of their districts and not political partiesh their respective political ideology political views and political ideas well, actually it turned out differently because political parties and society were formed and it is very politicized well, uh, the house of representatives is brought every two years she is completely re-elected as it is written in the constitution that senators are elected for 6 years ago. well, here it was considered that a senator, he presents himself in the institute, the senator should have more time in order to do something useful for his headquarters p igor and what else can change for a democratic president because, for example, biden's authority to appoint judges and candidates for administrative positions, as experts say, will be seriously limited , what else will the republicans change, so they simply will not let us appoint judges from the experience of the fact that who are we or mom, when he was president for a second term in the 14th year, the republicans won the elections to the senate, she simpl

you can draw districts as the districts were drawn here in wisconsin in 2010, so that one political partytrols a majority of the legislative seats throughout the entire decade, no matter how the people vote. and then of course, that party gets to draw the districts again when you have a new census. they get to tinker with the boundaries, incorporate the new information they've accumulated over that decade and then roll things back again. this is a relatively new phenomenon and the kind of gerrymandering that we have in places like wisconsin is, i think, unprecedented in u.s. history. what i want to do now is illustrate some of the states that i think do redistricting well and some of the states that do redistricting badly. and the state of michigan is a state that has been in both categories in recent decades. 10 years ago michigan was one of the most gerrymandered states in america. just like wisconsin, the republican party had controlled the levers of power in michigan after the 2010 census and they had used that control to draw the districts so that they remained in the majority in bot

some of it has to do with the normal process of realignment of issues and values with political parties where the initial preferences of the immigrant origin. i also think it has something to do with the democratic party itself, which was the presumptive party for a lot of the immigrants. it has become much more liberal on a lot of issues about which hispanics are particularly liberal ike crime and race and gender. there is data that said if you ask hispanic voters what do you think about the situation at the border, should we make it easier for immigrants to come in or increase security, it is split down the middle. there are those who are really concerned with the border, even though they sympathize with their compatriots in a sense and would like overall to see more immigration but they don't like what is happening at the border in the way in which they seem to be doing. they are working hard and they don't identify. but the democratic activists and advocacy groups are very strong on border security, it is almost by definition, cool that we should let everyone seek asylum and so on a

party. he is the 3rd generation of his family to enter danish politics. the conservative party leader is sovereign papa paulson, whose long being considered the most credible politician on the right. but his credibility has sharply fallen after a recent scandal and those former prime minister last locker rasmussen is served twice as p. m. and he's the head of the newly formed moderates. well, i speak to hash ma cobra has joining us live from copenhagen at danish politics in many respects is often regarded as being i certainly is a seat of consensus and negotiation, but it sounds as though things are different this time round. rob this is quite an interesting moment for the voters and for the danish political parties as we speak, 20 percent of the voters has half cast their of those. and this is going to be an a tight race of prime minister. metaphysics is said a while ago that she's concerned the far white and the and the white wing parties are going to make some gains and her men rival. last looker rasmussen, the leader of the murderer said, this is going

that he is trying to create into his own political organization, the union party. right? this is not like, i'm a republican, i could, you know, become a dictator. it's, i need to build a political coalition, i'm going to do it this way in 1864 as opposed to this other way. i don't think all these people are super and principled, i think they just had an understanding. that if you wanted to achieve something, organizing a group of people into a party to try to advocate for a political perspective was the way that you did it. even when people argued against partisanship, they were often just arguing against one party. not both parties. just the idea that, well, i don't like partisanship but i'm going to organize myself into a party to fight against the party that exists, right? that's the know nothing party right there. i would just say, it's sort of an acknowledgment that partisanship is going to inflict the way that people behave. if you understand that, then you can better understand why people are engaging in what they're engaging in. and a belief that the other p

they have been caused for country wide protests by indian hans political party a which means that there is a possibility of violence or one condition. why and of course, the convention in pleasing in the country. and do you think that's what's going to happen next to what will the impact of this incident b, i thing and wrong hahn is not going to back it down. he has made the state which he calls an illegitimate, an important government. and also the military scottish ment i think is not going to back down. he has made these really big enemies and it seems like when he feels better and he to covers yes, going to join the march. and his going to lead the march to the capital where he's going to protest demand for an early chance. and it seems, if the and so far the government is also not showing any flexibility, which means is a film it. and in this kind of situation and with so many people coming to the capital did is going to be really a did, is this, there's a high chance that there could be violence, confrontation, and a political chaos in the country. i mean, this sounds like a serio

now this is a large group that's less motivated by political parties, more so by policies. jamie is a dedicated climate activist. she was sending campaign post cards to people around the country before she was old enough to vote. now in the mid term elections, she finally has a voice. she's one of 8000000 in the 1st time voters. and she's clear about what's at the top of her agenda. they say we have, i think, 8 years like now and to reduce our con, emissions by 1.5 degrees in order for this planet to be livable. so that policies that are enacted now will determine the fate of this planet. for centuries. she's not a dedicated democrat, but she, like many other young people, feels that when it comes to climate change, she has no other choice. at the end of the day. if it's down for democrat or republican democrats are far more likely to either be persuaded or actually make the right decision for the climate. aidan is also a student in a 1st time booter. he has 2 major issues in mind. this election cycle, which makes choosing between parties difficult. i think democrats kind o

so m long han and his senior members of his political party directly accusing the prime minister of the country. the indeed a minister of the country, and they have also named a high senior, a security official of belonging to pakistan's intelligence agency. these are serious acquisitions. so they are saying that they are behind this attack and are all doors, the government, and also the military has condemned this attack. but it seems like their rhetoric, or did anger towards him is not going to, it's not mailing down. and which means that the tension is going to rise right now they're such about stalemate, but i don't know what will happen. hopefully maybe a date is some negotiation or some understanding some flexibility shawn from both side or which can meadow down the situation. leadership, you've talked about this before, but um, can you tell me a little bit about the kind of disinformation misinformation that's going on given this incident, i can totally imagine people imagining that this person who tried to kill him. it's part of some kind of plot or it's a conspiracy theory. onl

they don't trust political parties. and that's why you see on the campaign trail, so many of these candidates and coalitions and try to remake the image of their leaders to make them look like they're not just politicians. but these are caring people who have cause they really believe in are going to fight for us. you see really targeting of the young voters by the candidates and the coalitions. thanks very much for that. leave it there for the time being tech. so much dave going about correspond, joining us from political ah, me. now the city of pharaohs above in northern india is well known throughout the country for its glass bangles. these colorful and delicate ornaments have been made here using traditional techniques for more than 200 years. but the industry is now facing new challenges in the form of rising costs and a shortage of artisans. the rows of thought, the glass city of india here, bengal making as a craft, almost every one must us generation. after generation book is used traditional techniques to mold

right to encroach on the territorial integrity of the independence of the belarusian state and political partiesle should provide. with this highest value of the belarusian state and society, the modernization of political institutions will be a step towards building sustainable mechanisms for the stability of the entire state system. her teachers were smolskie splinters, but she abandoned the way, composers in favor of journalism, the music critic of the writer, a member of the union of composers yulia andreeva, has been supporting the name of a serious expert for decades. it is read and reckoned with by the native mechenko today to be reviewed from the journal belorusskaya dumka. why moved away from cultural themes? and who can the sphere be equal to today, and will we also find out its view of the political events of 2020, how did they affect the creative intelligentsia? can many people rely on it and, let's say, the real values ​​behind them turned out to be false? i have strengthened and established myself in the direction of movement that i have chosen for myself since, say, 2010, somewher

have you done any looking at the solution of the commission and thee political parties involved as being met proposers who then have to have their maps evaluated by the commission until they kind of narrow down to the best snap possible and you can even go a step further allowing the public to actually be part of the process with all the technology possible. it's going forward. >> yeah, i think that is still kind of in the early stages of figuring out what model we're doing this and i think having a process that allows for as many submissions as possible with as much information as possible providing expertise to commissions and i certainly don't want to suggest that at the very least they tend to produce or on average we significantly have better at least in terms of bias. but i also think it was important to be clear exactly whatan period you want those commissions to take into effect and that ultimately is a policy judgment and i can see different states going different ways and for me at least the best model for redistricting through commission in this kind of 21st century environmen

yes there is a broken trust especially from the youth talking about different political parties but ihink even the u.s. even establishment even the big think tanks and ngos especially those with offices in tunisia, for years they invested in elite and they created a group of people that were not democratic. they spent alien's of dollars spending on people thinking they were spending on to make -- democratic institutions instead they created an official lobby. they lobbied the u.s. and eu to save and keep doing what he is doing while he is to -- destroying democracy. you can go back and look at the twitter accounts the articles or written the attacks on anybody. they were attacking them. all of them almost all of them were paid by u.s. tax money and european money. i think we need all of us need to review and sit down and reestablish conversation that is built on true value of democracy that we can all stand and defend. >> i agree. you have to look at this problem very carefully. i was very shocked to see a lot of our organization back in the cu. this is one of the reasons i think the

members of his political party say the attack was an assassination attempt.n pointed the finger directly at members of the current government. you maintain that, in fact, it is members of the government that are responsible. what evidence do you have of that, and is this just a political ploy to gain favour? there can be no investigation if the prime minister, the interior minister and this isi guy, faisal — major general faisal. if these three are involved, there can be no independent investigation. well, what evidence do you have that the government and the head of the — the director of the isi is involved? i think they tried to disqualify me. that failed. they've tried to, you know, put terrorism cases on me, then they — some other case by the election commission. and i think they are petrified of the long march. because they saw the crowds joining us. and they are scared that, you know, by the time we reach islamabad, they will — which i know — whenever we start — restart the march, there will be a sea of people in islamabad. so, that's when they planned