jane, what is a prevention-prepared community? that is a really good question, ivette, and it is a term i think we are going to be hearing a lot more. the notion of a prevention-prepared community is all of the systems in the community, be they the health care sector, the business sector, families, schools, neighborhoods, law enforcement, they are all prepared to create a prevention system for the community that really does increase the likelihood that everybody will be making an important contribution together and rates of these problems will actually decrease over time. dr. greene, you mentioned screening and brief interventions. many people in the audience may not know what this program is all about. do you want to tell us a little more? i will be happy to, yvette. one of the things that howard university and howard university hospital has identified was that we have a large population of at-risk drinkers, substance abuse patients, and that we wanted to find a way to try to really help our population. we didn't have enough soci

prevent the next generation from starting to smoke. if we can get them from smoking, less than 20% will start. we know what works, when we enact smoke free laws, we support healthy decisions. we know when we increase the price of tobacco, smoking rates decline among youth. we also know when we educate the public with aggressive media campaigns, we inform them of the risks, encourage tobacco users to quit and prevent youth from starting to smoke. and science tells us that the sustained, multicomponent programs prevent young people from starting to use tobacco. we saw this approach in new york city when they cut their youth smoking in half in as little as six years. we have implemented these types of comprehensive tobacco programs in the past and we saw a steady decline when the rate of youth use between 1997 and 2003. had we maintained that course, we could have prevented 3 million smokers. we need to bring back that level of commitment. bring it back to the programs today. it's time for us to really end the single most preventable caus

let's prevent a preventable disease. we wrote the book because we want to get to people when we can, before they become our patients. we want to limit the disease so they can live normal and productive lives. if you watch the tragedies that we see, you must develop a passion for preventing the disease. tavis: you take on myths about heart disease. >> that is our favorite parts. until we did the research for this book, i was taking an aspirin a day. i was sure that red wine was better than white wine. i thought fish oil was manna from heaven. now i know each one of those statements was incorrect. >> what really struck me was i went to the internet and type in heart disease, you get all kinds of information. the vast majority of it is dead wrong. it is terrible. we have people out on the talk- show circuit telling you that there are diets to make you part attack proved. -- heart attack proof. they are advising people not to take the medicines that they need. some wacky diet is going to make them all better. we knew it was

around substance abuse prevention. any community can decide it is time to make the change, and let's really try to get... let's try to rally around and energize our neighbors to address this before we have the accidents, before we have the traffic crashes, before we lose more young people to substance abuse and all the things that come with that. the coalition is willing to come together and go through training together to make sure that they are looking at the data and the information about their community and assessing it in the correct way. and then coming up with a plan or a project that addresses their needs. i really like the idea of building the positive. it is sort of like building health instead of treating a disease. some of the specific challenges at a coalition level or a community level: engaging the key leaders, engaging the grandparents, parents of kids, and all of the sectors. bringing them in and then giving each of them a role to play and keeping that engagement over time is also a challenge. our role

and it's a critical part of combination prevention and effective prevention. we know that prevention of mother to child transmission and voluntary male medical circumcision can be scaled up and have population reach and impact. and we know that infection rates and deaths can be driven down. and this is crucially important and i think informs and forms our response. i want to take a moment to describe to you the diverse work that cdc does all over the world. we're fortunate to have fantastic staff in atlanta and around the world. we have nearly 2,000 people working for cdc around the world and we have another 10,000 people-plus in atlanta who can backstop these individuals in any area, where we need expertise. we recognition that there are huge challenges and other the past year, i've had the privilege of visiting with our staff and seeing some of the programs in a ride range of area. in haiti, where we've been able to improve the ability of the government and of local institutions, to respond to a cholera epidemic. we've prevented more than 9,000 deaths from c

and at cdc, we're taking a new approach to our prevention work. we're saying, let's make sure, in this country, for our prevention dollars, that we're sending our resources to the places that need it most, for the programs that work the best for the populations at highest risk. that means we will shift our fund i funding. and determine our funding based on the number of people living with hiv and support innovation in health departments and communities. and ensure that three-quarters of all resources we send out go for four key activities. scaling up testing and linkage to care, comprehensive prevention with positives, condom distribution and initiatives to promote prevention and accountability, as personally monitoring viral load and helping health care workers ensure that we're controlling it. we won't be able to effectively manage the epidemic and help people be healthy unless we sis maticly track these numbers. in this country, we have seen progress. 11 million more americans know their status than knew it before. three-quarters of those at hi

so we want to prevent our next generation from ever starting to smoke. if we can just get them to remain smoke-free, until they're 26, less than 1% of them will ever start. we know it works. we know that when we enact smoke-free policies we reduce exposure to second-hand smoke. prompt smokers to quit. change social norms and support healthy decisions. we know that when we increase the price of tobacco, smoking rates decline among youth. we also know that when we educate the public, with aggressive media campaigns, we inform them of the risk, encourage tobacco users to quit and prevent youth from starting to smoke. and science tells us that that sustained multicomponent programs prevent young people from starting to use tobacco. we saw this approach in new york city. when they cut their -- youth smoking in half in as little as six years. we have implemented the types of comprehensive tobacco programs in the past and we saw a steady decline in the rate of youth use between 1997 and 2003. had we maintained that course, we could have prevented 3 million smok

combination prevention. the four priority components that you mentioned in your slide, where arv treatment as prevention, pmtct, voluntary male scircumcision and correct and consistent use of condoms. different times i've heard eric, the global aids coordinator, talk about the importance of behavior change as a component of combination prevention and i presume by that, he meant various aspects of sexual behavior. so, i'm wondering whether there's a difference -- a different perspective of priority between the office of the aids coordinator about cdc or why behavior change didn't appear on your list of priority components of combination prevention. >> thank you. >> in the rear? >> hi, donna berry from partners in health. so, it's world tb work and i did miss the beginning of your talk so i apologize if you mentioned it, but clearly we're not going to address some of the mortality levels without addressing and building up better tb treatment programs, as well as prevention and i see a lot of tb friends in the

i want to specifically speak to the hiv prevention cuts. we are being punished for our outstanding hiv prevention at system here in san francisco. the challenge of prevention is that it is often hard to see. as fewer people acquire hiv, we might assume that we no longer to fund initiatives at the same levels. however, when reduced funding -- when we reduce funding, it translates. if we reduce funding now, we will have a harder time preventing new infections in the future. the total number of people living with hiv would continue to grow. each new infection has a price tag. conservative estimates are that the lifetime cost of hiv care is $240,000. if we're able to prevent 100 new infections, the cost savings would be in the range of $25 million. these cuts come at a time when we see the end of new hiv infections in our sights. we are asking for your support to continue to do what we know works. to continue to be the model in the nation and the world for hiv prevention. thank you. >> good afternoon, supervisors. i am on the -- as you have bee

soil cut across the entire site and preventing exposure and preventing any health risk. a work on a project and grand marina that is now a subdivision with a single cap over the surface. that have contaminated soil spread over the surface and a few feet of soil protect the future residents. other sites in and rebemryville. we're about ready to take to the public for public comment. we will hold a community meeting later this month. other than that, i see carol cover pretty much everything on this. -- i think carol covered pretty much everything on this. >> so next steps, we are publishing the draft document on march 15. that is thursday of this week for a 30-day public review and comment perid. od. a community meeting on the evening of march 21 in association with their advisory group meeting, but also have made very broad notification to all of the residents and businesses in the area and people who attended previous meetings or express previous interest in environmental conditions. following the 30-day comment period, the water board will receive the public comments an

and we have drugs that are preventative drugs.e're more aware of the importance of the healthy mother having a healthy baby. >> good-bye, grandma! >> mcfarland: rikisha hughes-burke and jori krischke had successful full-term second pregnancies, and now both are looking forward to baby number three. >> i would probably tell people who are thinking about getting pregnant and/or who have had a premature baby, i would tell them to try and find out exactly what it was that may have caused why they had the preemie, 'cause then at that point, you'll be able to find out possibly what you may be able to do or not be able to do to prevent it next time. >> so it's very, very, very important to find a supportive doctor and make sure he has a supportive team, so if you're having any fears for any reason, if you're having any pains-- whether imaginary or real-- you're comfortable calling the doctor's office and comfortable feeling like someone will respond to your concerns. really, i think that's-- that's paramount. >> bye! >> bye. >> bye. >> m

to keep the mine rock dusted to prevent coal dust explosion. on top of the failure to follow basic production, it engaged in a pattern of destruction. massey gave foremen time to correct hazardous productions or kept mine examinings books and engaged in a manner of intimidation if they tried to stop production to correct unsafe productions. these failures were the result of a culture where -- and he said it, wrongdoing became acceptable. where deviation became the norm. fw that operator fails, it's their responsibility to bring them back into line. there was a violation and failure to put this mine on the pattern of violation or apply maximum penalties. there was a failure to investigate managers who may have engaged in knowing and willful violations and mine plans were approved without resolving previous concerns. we must examine why this happened. we have to know what broke. and finally reversed course and provided provided resources to put inspectors back into the mines but the new inspectors didn't have the needed experience and there were

suicide prevention, suicide prevention going through this type of a model also is raising the awareness. we have over 4,000 young people each year die of suicide. now what is equally important is that from each suicide, each one of those 4,000 has anywhere from 1 to 200 attempts. so this is a major problem. a community, when they assess, and they have had a couple of suicides of young people in their... or older adults in their community, then they will target a program directed to that. we are seeing results of that as well. well, when we come back i want to go back to talking about some of the other programs that exist, and i want to see what... how hospitals and how youth organizations can also get in the mix to solve all of these problems. we'll be right back. for more information on national recovery month , to find out how to get involved, or to locate an event near you, visit the recovery month web site at recoverymonth.gov. they tell me i was there but i don't remember. i don't know where i really was. i do not know what i had for breakfast. i do not know who won the game. i don

the strategies for preventive health that are recommended by the united states preventive health services task force would be included. and recognizing that too many insurance plans often did not include benefits that were specifically recommended for women's health, we were asked to develop a set of preventive health services for women. we turned to the independent scientifically driven institute of medicine and asked them to make recommendations to us, they came back with eight various health benefits domestic violence screening, mental health visits and the full range of scientifically contraception services. we promulgated their rules as a strategy as an interim rule and added a religious exemption and to be informed on what language should be used we looked at the 28 states that have some kind of contraception mandate in place right now. often for a decade or more. operationally right now. and we included language that was used by the states in the majority of cases that have an exemption, many states do not have an exemption at all, that language was put out and finalized in februar

the rationale which was provided was that the preventive fund would help fund these -- the prevention fund would help fund these programs facing cuts, but the point of the prevention fund was to add to the budgets of various public health programs, not to supplant their existing funding. given the fy-02013 budget request and in light of the fact that the middle class tax relief cut off 5 billion to the prevention fund, i'm concerned we won't be able to fulfill the goals of the fund. can you explain how those at the cdc will be impacted given the payroll tax legislation which is now law? >> well, i think that we are eager to not only have the basic programs of the centers for disease control and prevention continue on, they're vital to states around the country, they're vital to the health of all americans and some of the prevention funding you are correct is paying for those ongoing programs. i would say also there are some innovative and new programs that are showing great promise that also are part of that prevention funding and we are going to -- now that we have an outline for the

an aspirin a day that could help prevent and treat cancer. the new health research tonight that's being called a game changer. >>> the earthquake in mexico tonight, the early reports of damage after a big hit there. >>> final moments. there's news tonight about the last phone call in that florida shooting that has sparked national outrage, and now a federal investigation. >>> and the enduring mystery. what happened to amelia earhart? tonight, one of the world's most powerful women joins in the search for one of the world's most famous women. "nightly news" begins now. captions paid for by nbc-universal television >>> good evening. we are going to begin here tonight with a story from the world of medicine that could end up affecting just about every american. this is a story about cancer, it's treatment and prevention, and this time it's a story about aspirin. it is without question the cheapest medication in the american household. its role in preventing heart disease and strokes is well documented. we call it the wonder drug. but this is abo

he helped to write the preventative section.e helped to write the essential health benefits section. and he would never, ever, as his son has said, ever support the blunt amendment that would say to every employer in this country, if you don't feel like offering any of these, you don't have to. he fought hard for these. he wouldn't give an exception to an insurance company or a nonreligious employer. never. how else do i know that to be the case? i ask unanimous consent to place in the record a series of bills. the presiding officer: without objection. mrs. boxer: what are these bills? these are bills that called for equity for women to get contraceptive coverage if they were given other coverage. they had the right to get contraceptive coverage. ted kennedy was a leader. he is a cosponsor on all of these bills. do you know for how many years, mr. president? 12 years. 12 years ted kennedy fought for women to get access to contraceptive coverage in their insurance. so i just say to my republican friends don't come to the floor an

prevention is the best medicine. if you get your grandson into a car seat or daughter's sport league to adopt safe play, you can reduce the chance of tbi. unfortunately many safety strategies were designed for adults and not for children. let me demonstrate how we can do better. we found that cars designed to save adults could injury a child. research supported efforts by government and industry to improve air bag design, policies and education and now child air bag deaths are rare. dramatic steps like this require strong science and collaboration. the national science foundation have provided us with opportunities to work with partners to protect our children's brain in a world designed for adults. research founded by nih, cdc and d.o.t. told us another important lesson. when it comes to tbi, child age affects the brain's response to impacts and recovery. for example, we now know that infants with severe tbi have the worst prognosis. we know when compared to adults, older children with milder tbi recover more slowly

it was being done for preventative measure. they absolutely refused to pay for it, so i am thinking, i am tavis smiley. maybe if i get on the phone, maybe i can talk them into it. after all, i am the guy who pays the premiums. so i get on the telephone and try to talk them into it, and they would absolutely not budge on paying for this, and i found myself in a huge fight on the phone with my own insurance about what they would not pay for something that i was asking to have done for a preventive measure and absolutely would not do it. upset. it made me live in the other day. the point is, and there it is not any money in prevention. >> there are certain things that we ignore and do not do, and then there are certain things that doctors very frequently get into and start advocating that we actually do not have science to promote, so there needs to be a good interchange and a discussion with the patient about what the science is, and unfortunately, many doctors do not know what the science is. when the preventive services task fo

we have very robust prevention programs here. but a large population living with the disease. >> that is a good point. we are a victim of our success on the funding formulas in front of us. a couple of other things i want to point out. there are other reductions that are happening to providers in the city that did not go to the apartment of the debate -- the department of public health's budget. we are trying to coordinate and making sure that we have all the same information. lastly, there is another piece that has been factored into the deficit for next year. it is a change in how ryan white costs are treated. certain patients that were formerly treated under ryan white are now being moved on toward lower income health program. the biggest impact of that is the cost of drugs. those will now be on our low- income health program, which is partially a general fund did. that is creating a financial strain on the low-income health program. there will be a cost to the city associated with that. supervisor chu: is this related to medi

. >> item #3, approval of the youth violence prevention initiative -- local action plan 2012 update. supervisor avalos: i do want to make the announcement that we have a translation from english to arabic, and if the person wants to come forth and make that announcement, the person who they could get the headphones from is by the door. if you could make that announcement at the public podium here. >> good morning. [speaking arabic] >> i am the deputy director at the juvenile probation department and i am joined here by my colleagues. we are here today to present some information on our local action plan. i quickly wanted to give you a very brief history, to give you a little context into the work that has been done over the last few years. the code requires a juvenile justice coordinating council to oversee juvenile justice fund at backs distributed by the state. every county must create a local action plan which oversees the expenditure of these funds, but mostly that develops a coordinated plan for adjusting violence prevention programs for youth. san francisco has had one since th

he helped to write the preventative section. he helped to write the essential health benefits section. and he would never, ever, as his son has said, ever support the blunt amendment that would say to every employer in this country, if you don't feel like offering any of these, you don't have to. he fought hard for these. he wouldn't give an exception to an insurance company or a nonreligious employer. never. how else do i know that to be the case? i asked unanimous consent to place in the record a series of bills. >> without objection. >> what are these bills? these are bills that called for equity for women to get contraceptive coverage if they were given other coverage. they had the right to get contraceptive coverage. ted kennedy was a leader. he is the cosponsor on all of these bills. you know for how many years, mr. president? 12 years. 12 years ted kennedy fought for women to get access to contraceptive coverage in their insurance. so i just say to my republican friends, don't come to the floor and invoke the name of our

some experts would say that to fear is not prevention. but yet to we see evidence in the gay community in the '80s friends watching friends die caused fear which seemingly caused behavior change. also places in africa. there's a certain irony that some of the very people that are critical of fear are guilty or given the impression the epidemic is worse than the world is a tinderbox person is isolationism. why do they do that? in some cases be wrong by 100%? >> unaids program, let me start by saying these are not bad people. absence of the motivated. >> they discovered the bullet. >> the extent of hiv in africa, and these are good people. they have worked hard over in amazing amount of time. i have no complaint in any way, shape, or form. i do think in trying to raise the alarm politically, bad data crept in. hiv is hard to contract. get it today and you're not sick in nine years. it is not like the flu. the science is hard and modeling is higher -- harder. but beginning in the mid-90s those estimates were overestimated. and what happened

prevention, and wellness. what about the role of prevention? i mean, seems like we have chronic pain, but how do you prevent it, are there strategies? >> so obviously, this is a multiple facetted problem and so the first portion of course, is to delineate those people that are most at risk to develop chronic pain and there are a number of on going studies which seek to identify so-called risk factors that individuals may have, which make them vulnerable to pain. this can take the form of studies of genetic backgrounds, for example, in the risk assessment, which is termed opra, and you perhaps will hear more about that in the second panel, individuals have been studied in a pro peck active manner and a number of genes of interest have been identified with those that associate with pain, and they give you clues as to who might be particularly very well they arable -- vulnerable. and another gene has been discovered that seems to be protective of people from chronic back pain after back surgery. this gives you in

or is it to prevent them from obtaining nuclear weapons? and what's the real difference between these two? does the administration have a red line beyond which it will not allow iran's nuclear program to progress? >> well, congressman, i think it's absolutely clear that the president's policy is to prevent iran from having nuclear weapons capability. and that has been the stated position of this administration. it has been backed up and reiterated. so let there be no confusion in any shorthanded answer to any question, the policy remains the same. and certainly in pursuant -- pursuance of the policy, we worked closely with the congress to implement the most far reaching sanctions that have ever been imposed. and after three years of intensive diplomatic effort, we have developed an international coalition that recognizes the importance of preventing iran from obtaining nuclear weapons capability. three years ago we didn't have that in the international community. there was a lot of unwillingness and resistance even to going along with tough

prevention. he's been this that position since june of 2009. i want to offer a special thanks before moving into some very brief opening remarks. special thanks to susan mcclure from cdc along with don. >> liker and justin -- for all of their assistance and from staff here at csis. there's a lot of effort informed in this. suzanne brundage, carolyn shrout, julia nagel and alicia kramer among others, seth gannon. we're bringing you together today to really look at, um, at hiv/aids and look at the accomplishments up to now, and that's a bit of a look backward and up to the present as to what's happened in this period in terms of the end demic and efforts -- epidemic and efforts to bring that under control and change the arc of that and to really focus both on where things stand today in the united states as well as globally and how -- and we'll hear more from dr. frieden -- how to impact the buzz and the excitement that we see today around the new science of prevention in the hiv/aids. and this rea

if you do treatment is prevention, the numbers go like this. to you buy that argument? then it suggest we only need to get to this point* as opposed to a genetically higher point* because treatment is prevention. >> there is some truth to that. those who are treated are much less likely to transmit to others. if you put someone at high risk as a sex worker on a low dose of drugs they are much less likely to get it and. if that has bender wife, think god. it is wonderful. i am not down more than my co-author but there is problems with the strategy. in the first few weeks after infection acute infection face then my viral load goes through the roof then goes down four years. during that period where i am unusually infectious i would not even test positive. and how often would you test? the rest of your life? now best ever reality that one of the things that makes people change behavior to make them act saver is the year. there is a lot of evidence that have the most successful programs new cases are not going down. this is risk compensation if i have 50 spf some block i w

plan -- the purpose is to establish funding strategies and recommendations for community violence prevention and intervention efforts that target youth and young adults between the ages of 10 and 25. the reason for that is is very difficult to intervene with a large range in age. we have to target to demonstrate positive outcomes and be more specific on the types of results we would like to see. the target population is 10 to 25 year olds. we defined the three main at risk populations impacted by the juvenile justice system. we defined them as at risk, highly at risk, and in risk. the difference is at risk refers to a population that might be demonstrating some risk factors or testing the waters a around alcohol and drug abuse or aggressive behavior but are not touching the juvenile justice system. next is the highly at risk population which targets the use that are more involved with- street associations or more serious substance abuse, dealing with a higher level of health issues and what not. the last target population we are looking into is the in-risk population that targets youth and y

on prevention f richmond's and intervention. i put most of our $2.5 million in public funding in prevention and intervention and reentry and just a little bit into enforcement because i knew that prevention and intervention and reentry would be the rule of the day to get the job done. i'm proud to sit here today to tell you that richmond's one of five communities in america that's been able to hold their gang issues and their violence we cut violent crime drastically in that city and took it from one of the mostin arica to one thriving cities. many people can me today you did you do this in a community? we built community. we rebuilt the dreams of people in communities. i can tell you we caravans into the probably highest crime areas of that community and we triaged over 5,000 people. many of those people haven't been to a doctor for years. the community started taking their own community back. they started believing that when you raised a quality of life in citizens, when you raise their hopes, their dreams, especially when the

health services and women's preventative health services, the role of study on preventative women's health services and the processes in developing these regulations that are now under attack. i know you started to get into that with dr. burgess. but take the four minutes to maybe explain it a little more. >> well, mr. pallone, the affordable care act had a provision that as part of a definition of essential health benefits, various populations should be looked at. the recndor children around immigrations would be included. the strategies for preventative health that are recommended by the united states preventative health services task force would be included. and recognizing that too many insurance plans often did not include benefits that were specifically recommended for women's health, we were asked to develop a set of preventative health services for women. we turned to the independent scientifically driven institute of medicine and asked them to make recommendations to us. they came back with eight various health benefits, domestic violence screening, mental health benefits,

how much is left over for preventing infection? , gist left over for family planning or child and maternal health or clean water? so the reality is it becomes a problem of the finite resources and so while i would like to treat every last person in the world that has hiv also would -- i think we have to figure out a way to drive the best science and resources into the most effective programs we possibly can buy to prevent the next million infections. >> host: you talk about aids in the book. it's a study in the frontier to get into much detail and will fail miserably and of in apology to my friend but the argument is for treatment as prevention and that if the arc of the epidemic is gone on like this in sub-saharan africa as you point out in the book if you do treatment as prevention and get enough people on treatment than the numbers start to look like this and you actually -- the turn the corner and you can start spending less money do you buy that argument based on a fair amount of science and if so then it would suggest we only

they are preventable. they're predictable, and people do not have to die because they're earning a living. >> welcome to 60 minutes on cnbc. i'm leslie stahl. oil is the engine that drives our economy. and as oil becomes scarcer, the push to discover and develop new sources becomes increasingly dangerous. this edition examines two recent disasters in the oil industry with a great deal in common: the deepwater horizon rig in the gulf of mexico and the refinery at texas city, which suffered explosions five years apart. they were both operated by bp. and in both cases, 60 minutes looked at whether bp's cost saving measures may have had deadly consequences. first we'll look at the biggest off shore oil spill in history, the blowout of the deepwater horizon drilling rig in 2010. critical revelations in the disaster have come from one of the last crewmen to escape the rig, mike williams, who first told his story to scott pelley in may, 2010. williams said the blowout was the result of a series of mishaps that st