voting fraud on both sides, but more so on the proslavery side. enmass missourians crossed the kansas line, walked across it or ferried a boat across the missouri river and took over the ballot boxes stuffed the ballot box and created a pro slavery legislature. it was known as the bogus legislature. they crafted the first loss in 1855 statutes of kansas which were repugnant to the free state, particularly the class that protected slave property. the kansas statutes of 1855, kansas territory, stated that to merely speak out against slavery or write articles or publish articles or distribute any written material or printed material opposing slavery, that was a felony and you would go to prison for two to five years for speaking out for writing against slavery. if you were caught possessing a copy of uncle tom's cabin, that was a felony. you could go to prison for that. the free stators rebelled against this so-called bogus government and one of the first things they did was to write a constitution known as the topeka constitution. it was this consti

ritchie's arrest for his involvement in rating stores and he will be arrested and incarcerated in the proslavery jail. and managed to escape in the fall of 1856 and find his way back to franklin, indiana where he spent time with his family, his father and his family in indiana, leaving a wife and children here into bego topeka. when he comes back to topeka in the spring of 1857, the free soil people have gained control of the territorial legislature. they begin to institute, rather than pro slavery legislation, they enact a free soil anti- slavery legislation. that pretty well seals the deal that kansas is ultimately going to be a free state rather than a pro slavery state. the result is pretty clear. the free people have become a dominant. and when that happens bleeding kansas turns into a different scenario. that scenario is the people who involved in trying to block the spread of slavery during bleeding kansas now began to operate the underground railroad. beginning in 1857 what happens is that this house becomes one of the centers where escaping slaves can find refuge and gain assistance to

ritchie's arrest for his involvement in rating stores and he will be arrested and incarcerated in the proslavery jail. and managed to escape in the fall of 1856 and find his way back to franklin, indiana where he spent time with his family, his father and his family in indiana, leaving a wife and children here into bego topeka. when he comes back to topeka in the spring of 1857, the free

it was not as simple as being proslavery or anti-slavery. there were a lot of views on the spectrum in regard to slavery. her family members held different views. in addition to her father being a supporter of the colonization of african-americans back to africa, she had a step grandmother in favor of gradual emancipation. so her stepmother's mother, mary brown humphreys, chose nine slaves in her will, but they were to be freed over a time of decades. there are individuals who are still enslaved at the time of the civil war in the 1860's. this is a conservative anti-slavery position they were not radical such as abolitionists, but tended to be along the lines of grandmother humphries. when mary todd was 21 years old, that was of age. she made the choice to leave lexington to move to springfield, illinois and live with a sister who had served as a second mother figure to mary and some of her other siblings. the motivation for doing so is unknown, but there's a lot of speculation around it. some folks speculate the choice was speculated motiva

it was not as simple as being proslavery or anti-slavery.dition to her father being a supporter of the colonization of african-americans back to africa, she had a step grandmother in favor of gradual emancipation. her stepmother's mother, mary brown freeze, chose nine slaves in her will, but they were to be freed over a time of decades. there are individuals who are still enslaved at the time of the civil war in the 60's. this is a conservative anti-slavery position they were not radical such as abolitionists, but tended to be along the lines of senator humphries. when mary todd was 21 years old, that was of age. she made the choice to leave lexington and live with a sister who had served as a second mother figure to mary and some of her other siblings. the motivation for doing so is unknown, but there's a lot of speculation around it. speculated motivated by the desire to get away, then home life was difficult and might have held her toward springfield. it is noteworthy that mary todd was not the only sister. when they live with their older

springfield about him and the town's mayor a man whose name was ironically john calhoun who was a proslavery democrat, and had been lincoln's supervisor when he learn how to be a surveyor becomes the president of the meeting and -- but the person who is put in charge of writing the resolutions is abraham lincoln. and i'll just read you what one of the springfield resolutions -- little noticed at the time says. i says the sympathies of this country and the benefits of this -- its position should be exerted in favor of the people of every nation struggling to be free. the kasuth episode was undoubtedly central in broadening lincoln's international outlook which was organically connected to his doling politics. he neither spoke nor read any language other than english and would never travel abroad brut followed the rise and fall of the revolutions of 1848. he saw them as democratic movements based on similar prims to those of the declaration of independence and suppressed by a constellation of despotic monarchial pours. he was eager for the expose and disappointed at their failure in 1858 when

it wasn't a simple as being either proslavery or antislavery. there were a lot of views on the spectrum with regards to slavery. her various family members actually held some of those different views. in addition to her father being a supporter of the colonization of african-americans back to africa, she had a stepgrandmother who was in favor of gradual emancipation. her stepmother's mother, mary brown humphrey actually chose to many minute nine slaves in her will in the 1830's. but they were to be freed over a period of decades over her death. they were individuals that were still enslaved at the time of the civil war in the 1860's. this is a conservative antislavery position. and representatives of the views of northern kentucky who were antislavery men are radical. such as abolitionists. they tended to be along the lines of grandmother humphreys. when mary todd was 21 years old that was being of age, the legal age of consent, she actually made the choice to leave lexington to move to springfield, illinois. to live with a sister who actually h

waiting to be answered is what is it that connects the filibustering of the 19th century, this proslavery effort to expand united states and 1898 when the united states really enters the war between cuba becoming independent, and spain. what is it that connects these, anyone looking for a dissertation, that is a good one. ask minas katherine stout with st. louis university and you guys set me up nicely, actually am a 20th century historian. i study social movements in the u.s. south of the british caribbean since world war ii. i particularly look at how the civil rights movement and the decolonization of many of the british caribbean countries were interlinked. i'm wondering how we can help push this narrative forward or missed on the conversation because i was really excited, each of you were representing a different century. i'm wondering if we get thing about ideas in the 20th century i love how you unpacked exceptionalism and looking at ideas of what generation. if we look at what it's meant to 20 century history, what ideas and myths are we challenging in our relationship with the ca