for the pueblo indians, they are as old as time. they have known about them since their creation stories. modern-day archaeologists date these images from 1200 to 1650. in the 1970's, archaeologists came out to the west mesa and begin to inventory these images. interest in these group. eventually, they became a national monument. to the pueblo people, they believed that the petroglyphs choose when and to whom to reveal themselves. sometimes it is the shadow. sometimes it is just the attitude and sensitivity with which we look at these petroglyphs images. sometimes telling people not to touch the petroglyphs is not enough. we know that nobody should touch the petroglyphs.

for the pueblo indians, they are as old as time. they have known about them since their creation stories. modern-day archaeologists date these images from 1200 to 1650. in the 1970's, archaeologists came out to the west mesa and begin to inventory these images. interest in these group. eventually, they became a national monument. to the pueblo people, they believed that the petroglyphs choose when and to whom to reveal themselves. sometimes it is the shadow. sometimes it is just the attitude and sensitivity with which we look at these petroglyphs images. sometimes telling people not to touch the petroglyphs is not enough. we know that nobody should touch the petroglyphs. we do give people an opportunity to touch an artificial boulder that we created for such purposes. they get the touching out of the way. we want people to understand that these are sacred images. they continued to be important to the pueblo people. over time, a patina will form. that is what is meant to happen. until then, we asked people not to touch the petroglyph

here we have a little bit about the pueblo indians at this point. we talked about this previously, but there are key things i want to pull out really quickly and then discuss the colonization. we are going to talk about the intermediaries that will occur after coronado. to look atgoing whether he was a pacifier or a conquistador, because the laws will change. the laws of 1542 will be .uperseded the new laws we will look at some of the civil and ecclesiastical strife going on in the colony, which explains some of the weaknesses the pueblo will be able to ask what. and then we will get onto the pueblo revolt of 1680, which is americanevent in history, because it is the only time you will have an established indigenous population, a european economy that's colony, completely effected by the indigenous peoples. all right. .ll right of fiveueblo consist major language groups, right? pecos, the tiwa, the piro, the keres, the -- i know that is lot. they are all huddled in what place? >> the rio grande. >> yes, the rio grande. good thing we're going there.

here we have a little bit about the pueblo indians at this point. we're going to talk about the conquistador, francisco date coronado. we're going to talk about some of the intermediary and trotta tradas that are going to occur after coronado. we're also going to look at whether he was a pacifier or a conquistador, because the laws will change. the laws of 1542 will be superseded the new laws. we will look at some of the civil and ecclesiastical strife going on in the colony, which explains some of the weaknesses the pueblo will be able to ask -- exploit. and then we will get onto the pueblo revolt of 1680, which is a unique event in american history, because it is the only time you will have an established indigenous -- or an established european colony that is completely ejected by the indigenous peoples. all right. all right. so the pueblo consist of five -- any question about where we are going today? all right, let's get there. so the pueblo consist of five major language groups, right? this right here are three branches of the same language gr

but for the pueblo indians, they are as old as time. they have known about them since their creation story. modern day archeologists date most of these images from about 1200 to 1650. a few are older, those which are done by early spanish sheep hearders who were out here as part of the land grants. in the 1970 did, archeologists came out to the west mesa and began to inventory these images. late ter interest in these glue andement, it became a national monument. to the pueblo people, they believed that the petroglyphs choose when and to whom to reveal themselves. sometimes, it's the shadow. sometimes, it's the glare, or sometimes, it's just the attitude and the sensitivity with which we look at these petroglyph images that reveal themselves. sometimes, telling people not to touch the petroglyphs is not enough. we know that nobody should touch the petroglyphs. but we do give people an opportunity to touch an art official bolder that we have created for such purpose so they get the touching out of the way. we want people to understand tha

indians of florida. a look at the spanish mission to convert native americans to christianity. after that, ancient rock drawings of pueblo people. and another tells about the little shell tribe of chippewa indians of montana and their struggle to become a federally recognized tribe. >> c-span's american history to her continues. the colusat to heritage trail. about the colusa indians who lived along southwest florida's coast for 1500 years. >> we're here at the site of tampa. we are standing 150 miles south of modern day tampa. there is a well known map that shows the native place name. this was one of the largest of the colusa towns. it was one large big community including one in a sterile day and the other at big mound key. the coastal -- colusa were controlling many other towns but there was a mapmaker in the early 1700s and the name tempe got shifted to where it is presently located. we are also here at highland on the shore of an estuary. it is placed wherever freshwater and saltwater mix. this is to the north of the peace river and the myakka river. the produce one of the most productive habitats. it supports mang

indians of florida. a look at the spanish mission to convert native americans to christianity. after that, ancient rock drawings of pueblo people. and another tells about the little shell tribe of chippewa indians of montana and their struggle to become a federally recognized tribe.

they weren't huge, thriving pueblos unlike the other indians that are still very well-known today, neversurvived. >> you tell me about them. >> there were three of them. in new mexico. centered around the mountains. they were every bit as amazing as the current day pueblo, perhaps even more so. >> now i know what you are talking about. they were actually 98 when blows when the spanish king in 1598. they brought 500 settlers, settled there. within a generation the number of pueblos were reduced to 21 from 98. that was a combination of things that was mainly warfare. because the pueblos thought -- fought back to the novel and apache fighting alongside them, and they finally, 1680, 82 years after the colony began, drove the spanish completely. allowed religious practices so as a different kind of colonization. but each of those pueblos are remembered. there are sites where they are. the pueblos, part of it was a were shifting around because, that was the settler colonialism at the time. the typical colonialism where they wanted land to put them on to make them a colony so proficient. it was