about 45 spaniards and 60 pueblo indians go out. they probably reach -- everything is uncertain, but they probably get into what is now western nebraska, and they encounter a large group of indians who were probably pawnees. as far as we can tell. the initially set up camps and negotiate, there are no initial efforts to cause trouble but the next morning they attacked the spanish with both arrows and muskets. they are heavily armed. unusually armed. about two thirds of the spanish are killed in the battle. the survivors, it is estimated that a half-dozen get back. it is basically a bit of a disaster for the spanish. and we are here, under the hot lights. the survivors contribute to a painting of the expedition. this is kind of hard to see. it was difficult to get a good resolution copy. if you look closely it is by an , unknown artist. there is a group of spanish and pueblo indians, circled by a lot of pueblo indians. allegedly some french people that were probably not there. some of the indians have bows, and some of them have guns.

the pueblo indians in new mexico. different groups in her zone of. again and again, we are seeing these indians that are different than the classic stereotype that we see in american history. i think the third point is the formation of these horse peoples of the plains in the 1700s. because this really is a crucial development. it does set the stage for a lot of what you see in the 19th century. that is enough of me talking. now i'm going to make you guys perspire. i will shift a little bit to discussion and we will see how much fun you had over thanksgiving. you have to admit, these documents were very short. no extra essays and everything. they should be a pleasure. if not, i can guide you through these. do you want to start with the french or with new mexico? the french it is. so we have this account in the fall and early winter of 17 -- 1738 he is going out to visit villages. if he is trying to establish what? what is he hoping for? what kind of relationship would he like to establish? what kind of relationship do the french always want to establi

indians as a kid. if there's one american iconic hero, it's the lone cowboy. does that have any resonance at all here? >> every culture here, mexican, spanish, puebloll are cowboys here. >> i am a native american new mexican. i've gone through strange phases of my ownership of this place. it's a we're mixed bag of everything here all the time. and that is the identity. but it -- i don't know. it allows a certain freedom. >> my desire to wear cowboy boots and put a hat on now, you're sympathetic to that. >> well, i'm from new mexico, and yes. i will like also -- also like to put my kicking bots and a hat -- >> very kind of you. >> tony, i got a question for you. what are you thinking of new mexico? what are your thoughts? >> i'll try to boil it down to a simple statement. if you were an eastern er and come to new mexico, you start to metaphors in everything. but actually, if you were to stretch a little bit, you could say that new mexico is a perfect metaphor for america. it is a total mutation. it's got spanish, mexican, original american, and add a tinge of radioactiviti, this is what america really is. to one degree or another we're an immigrant