my friend ray kerswhile introduced the concept of singularity, the moment when our computer technology would exceed human minds on all dimensions, and at that point, the technology would produce new machines in a cascade of inventions that leave humans far behind. mark: is that possible? >> no. mark: why? >> because this artificial intelligence is a machine. and remember, i stressed surprise. machines, if machines surprised you, they probably breaking down. machines are really deterministic almost by definition, and determinism in information theory, which underlies all of silicon valley, information is what's not determined by the machine. information is the creativity of capitalism. mark: so machines have masters called human beings. >> machines have masters. curt girdle proved in 1951 that any logical scheme, including a computer, anything, is necessarily dependent upon axioms outside the box. what's inside the box is the machine, but any machine is necessarily dependent on what alan turin called an oracle. a source of creativity, surprise, outside the box. mark: can machines have j