because i think to the reader, the interest is always the same. you have to see characters on the page that are vivid and that you're interested in and you want to know what happens to them and you care about what happens to them. so in a sense it's novelistic. i have to write it in the same way i would write a novel. i have to make people come alive on the page and make them people that you would care about. and that so happens-- with me. >> and we begun with stanley fish and roger rosenblatt. >> writing has four purposes, at least to my mind. to make suffering endureable, to make evil intelligible, to make justice desirable, and love-- and so when he talks about what words can do to reality, i think there's no more important thing in the world. >> rose: and we conclude with nicole krause. >> i always thought that memory is a kind of imaginative act, that is a willful act. when you think about how we look back on our lives, we willfully cancel vast portions of it and choose to illuminate singular moments in order to create a narrative. but it is

the next reader is going to be diane dupris. thank you. >> i'm going to read a few things that i wrote sitting in a hotel room in, oh, whatever year that was, 01, i guess, when we started bombing afghanistan. these are short poems on the afghan war. 1, small bones of mountain children in the snow. two, bags of rice burst open, burlap flaps in the wind. even the label, usa, is fading. three, we air drop transistor radios. can you eat them? will they keep you warm? this one is called les american, october 5, 2001. we are feral, rare as mountain wolves. our hearts are pure and stupid. we go down, pitted against our own. there's one other short thing. we gathered there frequently, old scholars, printers, book collectors, old and young writers pass through the place on any given afternoon. all kinds of activity came to the shop in the years i worked there. they were the early years of the black awareness, robert williams was active in south carolina. there was a period of time when the cot in the back of the store was a drop off for

>>we started with e-readers about two years and a half ago; we started with only five products....and now we have 25 >>reporter: and vietnam may be expanding at a staggering rate, but with high debts and soaring inflation the country still has plenty of issues it needs to deal with. >>vietnam is the rising dragon of the east if you consider the growth numbers but it is a dragon on steroids >>reporter: hello and welcome. i'm raya abirached and this is world business, your weekly insight into the global business trends shaping our lives. china is now the world's 2nd largest economy and growing at a blistering rate. the country also spent billions of dollars on showpiece events like the olympic games and the shanghai expo. so why are other countries still sending aid money to this economic powerhouse? >>reporter: bucks for bamboo; in rural sichuan, europe's taxpayers are funding a two and a half million dollar project to help revive, boost and sustain stocks of this fast-growing, versatile, substitute for timber. >>managed by the international network for bamboo and rattan, inbar, the pr

cause i think it helps us to apprehend the powerful appeal of these underground newspapers for young readers in the 1960s. the tribe reporters lacked any objectivity and they had forcefully written opinions and they grew out of their subculture and the examiner was the flagship of the hearst newspaper chain used this prefabricated template they described this event as another woodstock style concept and they got it completely wrong. these underground newspapers started emerging as i say in the mid-'60s. someone pointed out technically they represent maybe one of the largest and most spontaneous growths in the history of publishing. in 1965 there were five such newspapers. there was the berkeley barb and the free press there was the east village in new york and there's a paper the fifth estate in detroit and ironically for me and for matt because we went to michigan state the first campus newspaper was called the paper and it was in east lancing. towards the end of 1966 these papers started sprouting up in every region of the country and by the end of the '60s you had literally hundreds maybe

the next reader is dima shahabi >> i'd like to move on with an iraqi poet, one of the most prominent and brilliant poets of her time recently passed away in cairo, in june, actually. she was not only a poet, she was luminous and free-thinking pioneer in establishing the theory of what has come to be known as free verse in arabic poetry. in addition to her extensive laments on oppression of women and melancholy. she left. no cheek turned pale, no lip trembled. the door did not hear the story of her death. no window curtain overflowed with sorrow and gloom to follow the tomb until it disappeared. the moon lamenting its depression. the night surrendered itself without worry to the morning. the lights brought the voice of the milk girls, the fasting and the moaning of a starved cat of which nothing remained except bone. the fussing of salesmen, the struggle of life, kids threw stones at one another in the middle of the road while dirty water flooded the avenue and the wind toyed with gates and roof tops, alone in a state of semi oblivion. . >> on the day al-matarazzo street was bombed, d

which is the opposite of readers as you know as a bookseller, most readers are women.nd i think the question about whether this interest as writers i think is interesting. do you read this, and do you think dan, i should've got the gender reassignment surgery? >> my next life, believe me. yes, seriously. [laughter] yeah, circe. know, i mean we have talked about this. i wrote a piece for harper's end, what, 2000, called sense of the women's ink base in normandy at his that i can always sniff out the ink of the women because women are sentimental humor list -- humorless, before you men learned you were not supposed to say these things. and, of course, run the article, the statistics then were appalling. accident gotten better since then. but part of what i was interested in finding out was why they should be. and because of the things that became clear was it wasn't only men who are making these decisions. in many cases the assigning editors were women as well as men. it wasn't as if it was purely -- so what i was trying to find out was what were the prejudices against w

next reader is jane herschfield. . >> one sand grain among the others in winter wind. i wake with my hand held over the place of grief in my body. depend on nothing, the voice advices, but even that is useless. my ears are useless, my familiar and intimate tongue, my protecting hand is useless that wants to hold the single leaf to the tree and say, not this one. this one will be saved. a poem written on september 15th, 2001, against the knowledge that exactly what would happen was probably going to happen. the dead do not want us dead. the dead do not want us dead. such petty errors are left for the living. nor do they want our mourning. no gift to them. not rage, not weeping. return one of them, any one of them, to the earth and look. such foolish skipping, such telling of bad jokes, such feasting. even a cucumber, even a single anise seed, feasting. and, last poem, foolish of me and yet optimism. the title is only optimism. the other part was a preface. more and more, i have come to admire resilience, not the simple resistance of a pillow whose foam returns over and

into russia trying to explain so i'm trying to explain sort of for myself and try to explain for the reader so it's not a russian book about russia it's a it's a foreigner's book about ok so in your book here you take a view of a foreigner but. and inside yourself you always consider yourself to be a londoner rather and that russian world russian is something something from a book here for you this is early because actually i'm now my my wife is russian and now and therefore my children are three quarters so no i mean i should probably feel more at home in moscow and i do in london and i certainly find it more interesting to live in moscow than i do to spend time in one of the restaurants are really better tasting. but this is the way that i think there's a great letter from. russia great russian per million to over wrote from paris because she after the revolution she spent some years in paris and she writes to her friend of a who's he remains in in leningrad the she can't bear this the she she misses the the visitor or the little one the little wind in russia. all the people in russia are

one of the oldest things about the whole story and something that surprised many western readers was that they were allowed to correspondent and they wrote to each other every day and the correspondence is magnificent it's incredibly moving it's beautiful. but a lot has got to go through some of them were down close but they corresponded freely ok well thank you very much for this interview i hope that they the readers of all learn more from reading your book thank you and just to remind you that my guest today was how when he was journalist and author of a book called stallions children and that's it for now from all of us here to talk like that and more until then stay artsy and take a thank you. it .

one of the oddest things about the whole story and something that surprised many western readers was that they were allowed to correspond they wrote to each other every day and the correspondence is magnificent it's increase. be moving it's beautiful. but alas it's got to go through some of the more red but they correspondents really ok well thank you very much for this interview i hope they their readers will learn more from reading a book thank you and just to remind you that my guest today was how when i met he was journalist and author of a book called stallions children and that's it for now from all of us here spotlight will be back with more until then stay on r.t. and take a thank you. heavy gunfire and explosions are reported in the libyan capital but independent sources on the ground say it's all part of a nato does information campaign. here in israel activists are taking to the streets they say they believe the government is trying to use the conflict to divert attention away from to make take issues and this is happening as israel continues its a bombardment of gaza with

the manga sheds light on child abuse and shows readers how to deal with it. after publication, the magazine received more than 300 e-mails and letters from readers of all ages nationwide. former newspaper journalist launched the series last autumn. he's been reporting on child abuse for 20 years. after writing many articles about the problem, he decided that society has no hope if it doesn't value its children. he quit his newspaper job and began writing exclusively about child abuse. a publisher heard about him and requested a draw for a series. through manga imannals, the company wanted to make high school students think about abuse. >> translator: how can we safe abused children? how do we make sure we're not letting abuse happen over and over again? we have to thoroughly examine the cases of the children we couldn't save. >> reporter: koymi researched adults who were abused as children. he met a man in his 20s who escaped from his single-parent family and now lives on his own. his father spent all his money on alcohol. >> translator: my father told me to

it explains how to teach the information in the supplementary reader. the board wants a more impartial perspective. so it instructs teachers. >> translator: right now japanese people are not completely sure about the safety of nuclear power. so schools find they can't help being influenced by this outlook. meanwhile another elementary school is trying to come to grips with the issue. this school in iwakei lies from the power plant. the students were taught recently about nuclear power. every year the sixth graders used to take a field trip to the fukushima daiichi power plant as it was an important industry in the area. but the accident at the tepco plant shocked the teachers. they are still discussing what to teach their students about nuclear power. >> translator: teachers shouldn't hide anything from the students. we must give a thorough explanation of the causes and backgrounds of everything that happened during the crisis. the school has started a program to make students fully understand what is happening around them. twice a day the students take

our readers, donors and volunteers.thing that i would like to mention, i recently went to a documentary screening at the san francisco film festival. and it's here for another week so i hope some of you get to catch some of the wonderful films that are there. and i went to a documentary screening called crime after crime. i don't know how many of you guys were able to catch it. and the film maker showed up and did a q&a. and there he said that visibility doesn't equal change. and that's something that really resonated with me. and if there's one thing that i can leave with you today it's that message. i want to thank our a.p.a. elected officials for all the work that you guys are doing. because again, just because there's a large number of us doesn't mean that things will change if we don't actively make it happen. so we applaud all of the officials that are serving as well as anybody here who is serving an asian-american nonprofit. thank you so much for all of your work. and for anybody who is thinking about getting in

. >> these supplement rl readers teach students about nuclear power. the books reassure students with claims like "these five walls protect the nuclear power plant" and "they are built to withstand strong earthquakes or tsunamis." but the crisis at fukushima shattered the widespread belief about the safety of nuclear power. people in education are looking for alternative information for teaching students about nuclear power. one local government decided to top teaching children that it is essential to use nuclear power in japan. in central japan, the original plan had been to teach fourth grade students the value of nuclear power. an auxiliary reader explains that nuclear power is necessary to generate energy. in another nuclear power plant, this one in a nearby area was shut down after the fukushima crisis. now people question whether nuclear power is necessary at all. the board of education distributed a handout to all elementary schools. it explains how to teach the information in the supplementary reader. the board wants a more impartial perspectiv

but again, there have been many ways to try to attract young readers. more recently, have you seen the vice guides to everything? it is a cross between ntt -- mtv's "jackass" and "60 minutes," targeted at an 18 to 25 demographic, which a lot of people in this industry are trying to reach. there are a lot of things out there in terms of investigative journalism that are trying to target younger people that are very creative, but just going back to your point about not reading or getting your news online, people are very lazy, you know? a lot of us do not even want to read, do not have time to read. we would much rather passively sit back and receive information either via video or audio. >> you had something to ask? let me get behind you a little bit. >> i just wanted to bring in the aspect of social media in terms of this consumption. we are seeing with facebook and twitter, these are great drivers of traffic to news sites. the role that citizens have in terms of informing your network of friends and family about what is important, and we are seeing tha

the manga sheds light on child abuse and shows readers how to deal with it. after publication, the magazine received more than 300 e-mails and letters from readers of all ages nationwide. former newspaper journalist launched the series last autumn. he's been reporting on child abuse for 20 years. after writing many articles about the problem, he decided that societyas no hope if it doesn't value its children. he quit his newspaper job and began writing exclusively about child abuse. a publisher heard about him and requested a draft for a series. through manga images, the company wanted to make high school students think about abuse. >> translator: how can we save abused children? how do we make sure we aren't letting abuse happen over and over again? we have to thoroughly examine the cases of the abused children we couldn't save. >> reporter: komiya researched by interviewing adults who had been abused as children. he met a man in his 20s who escaped from his single parent family and now lives on his own. his father spent all his money on alcohol. >> tnslator

so i try not to beat my readers over head, but i do try to get some of that in. because i think that's important. if you're writing books about lawyers and about crime, you know, there are victims. and i do try to set the world right at the end when i possibly can. and that is, as i said earlier, the advantage of writing novels as opposed to trying real cases. the other point i would make -- and everybody's kind of touched upon it here a little bit. lawyers are not portrayed, in many cases, particularly positively in the media. and a lot of that we bring upon ourselves. but i would also point out that, you know, we all operate in an environment where you have to deal with the cards that are out there. aties cuss finch -- atticus finch didn't have to deal with a 24-hour news cycle. tony serra didn't have to deal with bloggers in his career. i think what's going on in new york city where the head of the i.m.f. was arrested for doing some untorrid things in a big hotel. i found it ironic last night that eliot spitzer was interviewing people talking about these sorts

the eight is the reader begins with the reader has is on a. becker and nice. and they want the reader to make these judgments. the characters simultaneously making misjudgments. and a rather pleasing place to be when you know what cellosolve was thinking. the decision to act. >> right. >> yes. this is one of the very appealing things about the book. the civil war makes it easier in the sense that everyone who reads this book would know how it ended. so when they see people's thinking they're going to win, you know. that's what history is for. but did you lori about it being very long? >> oh, sure. >> a long book. did the publisher said -- >> obviously very successful. to give publishers say you better cut this down. too long, too many people to many quotations. >> all of the above. absolutely. in many ways it was an anti commercial decision to keep the link that is. but i just felt that i couldn't, naturally could not say it any further. >> it doesn't seem to me, but i am used to reading longboats. >> yes. long in the kind of 19th century sense. even though i