are reata period of stovepipe being? >> a lot of evidence that is happening that readers and viewers gravitates toward the news outlets that are most similar to their own. msn b.c. it tends to be more liberal than fox news may go watch something just to get them worked up the there is evidence of people beginning to separate themselves out to create of what is called the echo chamber to hear what you already agree with. to go to those places we're not looking for news but to have newsworthy information. after 9/11 whenever website you went to whether sports or entertainment people were talking about real world events. and somebody has health issues and you want to find out about the diagnosis or the prognosis or health-related policy and leads you into political issues. my hope is people will attend to different points of view. number two is a larger information provides opportunities to accidentally bump into that information. >> host: who is your co-author? >> guest: and bruce williams from university of virginia and w