we have a similar question from councilmember rebecca in san antonio, texas, population 1.5 million as well as councilmember alan smithfauci: who would you like to answer that? [laughter] clarence: i will ask both of you guys. jump in, because these officials are excited to hear from you guys. dr. fauci: go ahead, rochelle. go ahead. dr. walensky: i know these are new vaccines and they are new to us, but the reason this is possible is because so much finance was happening around these vaccines before covid-19. these were not started around covid-19. there was an extra ordinary amount of research on mrna vaccines that preceded 2020 that made it possible to jumpstart everything with the arrival of the mrna vaccine. as i mentioned, 100,000 people rolled up their sleeves to enroll in these clinical trials. 100,000 people, about 70,000 people in the mrna vaccine specifically. it shows extraordinary safety in that period of time. the reason it was possible is because so many volunteered so quickly and because there was so much disease out there we could achieve outcomes quite quickly. we have seen the anaphylaxis, the sever