>> actually, first of all it was a concrete demand from the african people struggles in rhodesia and south africa so it was about an international solidarity with the international is the man. it wasn't them coming from the united states and saying we disapprove of rhodesia and south africa are. was identifying with a very real movement in those countries. that is the first thing in the second thing is of course we'll know it's not a level playing field in any country in the society the same which are carlos was not allowed to compete in swimming as we talk about in the book yet in south africa and rhodesia in particular you had racialized olympic teams. you had whole segments of the population is participated in athletics who are the best sprinters, jumpers what have you were not allowed to be part of the very olympic trials of those countries so it is not to say they are somehow worse than the united states and we all know that time the united states was in vietnam supporting all kinds of things that are absolutely head turning in terms of how terrible it was that it was responding

two, disinvite south africa and rhodesia from the olympic games. these are apartheid countries and they have no place on the olympic field. three, hire more african-american coaches. u.s. track and field team dominated by black athletes. you know, number of african-american coaches if you try to count them on two fingers you get one too many. there'd be just one. the last demand and this is where they openly, consciously and bracingly step in the crosshairs was they said avery brundage has to go as head of the international olympic committee. [applause] for those new clapping can be realized not only have just that was, but how'd they read. how does the ioc, the most powerful person in olympic sports. he also just happened to be in open fascists. he was the person who delivered the olympics in 1936 to hitler's germany. he was a white supremacist. he was somebody who is so out there for a curry was around back then he'd be like you're crazy. [laughter] and he also is incredibly powerful and the olympic movement and these guys said you know what? he'

economic sanctions against cuba, but at the same time imposed economic sanctions against chile, rhodesia and south africa. regarding the south african cases just wanted to know that in certain circles nelson mandela is regarded as a model statesman. it's important to remember that he and his african national conference were financed by the soviet union by fidel castro and by ghadafi and nelson mandela considered them both tyrants to be his friends and comrades in arms. >> thank you. >> i think you are right that economic sanctions are a the end of the day a political statement. sometimes the work in terms of squeezing the economic situation and it's hard at other times they are not terribly effective, but they are a way for a government to make a political statement about their view of the nature of the regime, and i do think that if s vladimir has said and the gentleman in the back of indicated the odds are that the response of putin and those around him in the kremlin would be towards greater repression dennett frankly raises the stakes for the united states to figure out what our poli

of economic sanctions against cuba but at the same time imposed economic sanctions against chile, rhodesia and south africa. regarding the south african case i just wanted to note that in certain circles nelson mandela's regarded as a model statesmen. is important to remember that he and his african national congress were financed by fidel castro and gadhafi in nelson mandela considered gadhafi and castro both tyrants to be as good friends and comrades in arms. thank you. >> well, think you are right that economic sanctions are at the end of the day a political statement. sometimes they work in terms of squeezing the economic situation in a given target country and other times they are like a sieve and not terribly effective but they are a way for a government to make a political statement about their view of the nature of the regime and i do think that if, as vladimir has said in the gentleman in the back had indicated, that the odds are that the response of putin and those around him in the kremlin will be towards greater repression, then it frankly raises the stakes for the united state

everything to get rid of economic sanctions against cuba but imposed economic sanctions against chile, rhodesia and south africa. regarding the south african case here as in the west in certain circles nelson mandela is recorded as a model statesman it is important to remember that he and his african national congress were financed by the soviet union, by fidel castro and gaddafi and nelson mandela considered two of them to be his good friends and comrades in arms. >> i think that you are right, the economic sanctions are at the end of a day the political statement. sometimes they work in a given target country and other times they are like a sieve and not terribly effective. but they are a way to make a political statement about their view of the nature of a regime. and i do think that if, as vladimir said and the gentlemen from cato said the odds are the response of putin and those in the congressmen lip will be toward -- kremlin will be toward greater repression in raises the stakes for the united states to figure out what our policy is vis-a-vis russia going forward. we have had a reset pol