to an outbreak the growing health mysteries swirling around north korean dictator kim jong-un, richard engelh late details on what he has learned >>> and the emotional reunion, the coronavirus survivor meeting the stranger who may have saved his life the new call to action tonight for plasma donors >> announcer: this is nbc "nightly news" with lester holt >>> good evening, everyone parts of the south are preparing tonight to become the canary as in the coal mine georgia with roughly 800 covid deaths leading the way as it moves forward with plans to ease restrictions on many businesses, satisfying a yearning to return to normalcy and get back to business while risking further spread of the coronavirus tonight this country with over 44,000 deaths divided on just how far we can push the envelope on a matter of life and death. our team has a lot to cover. let's start with blayne alexander >> reporter: tonight with the growing tug-of-war between stay at home and back to business, some states are already loosening the reins. starting late next week most tennessee businesses free to open their door

our richard engel is in sweden. and drones delivering prescriptions to your home, smart watches that can tell when you are getting sick the search for solutions going high tech amid the pandemic >> announcer: this is "nbc nightly news with lester holt". >>> with nearly million covid-19 confirmed cases since the start of this outbreak, parts of america are moving on tonight. the simple touch stones of life as we remember it from shopping in a store, to dining at a restaurant rapidly returning in a country dividing over how par to go to the halt the spread of the virus which claimed over 55,000 lives here once again, our team is in place, and we begin with blaine alexander. >> reporter: tonight, a glimpse of life altered as more states are starting the process of getting back to work >> it's going to be very exciting. >> reporter: in mississippi the governor revised the state's stay at home order, allowing retail stores to reopen >> everyone who came in made a purchase today. so that's been exciting. >> reporter: the

m with richard engel right after the break.ith richard engel right after the break. at papa john's, we want you to know that from our 450-degree oven, to box, to you, it's our policy that your pizza is never touched once it comes out of the oven. and we're taking extra steps, like no contact delivery, to ensure it. your dedication and humanity. but today, as you're being challenged more than ever, i see heroes, not just to me but to so many. thank you for keeping us safe. and for being our light. for always doing your part, to make the world shine a little more bright. to our over one-million heroes, in towns across america, i say thank you. >>> four companies are in human trials for a coronavirus vaccine including inovio which is testing volunteers in missouri and pennsylvania. joining me now is nbc news chief foreign correspondent richard engel. he spoke with the president and volunteers. doing some kmes work for us. what did you learn? >> well, i don't know if there is a real domestic correspondent or foreign correspondent o

that british prime minister boris johnson has been moved out of the intensive care unit richard engel is in london with late details richard, what do we know >> reporter: so, he's out of the icu but still in the hospital british officials say he is in very good spirits, is breathing on his own sitting up, talking to his advisors, but the situation in this country remains very serious they're now at about 900 deaths per day, which is about the same level of italy and spain at the peak and british officials are very worried about this weekend easter weekend, beautiful weather in a country that is not known for having good weather and they are telling people don't go outside, obey the rule >> richard engel, thanks. >>> up next, scout's honor. one boy's incredibly moving solute we want you to see and hear >>> finally, a moving tribute to american heroes hit hard by the pandemic at a new jersey veteran's home suspected coronavirus has claimed 37 lives. ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ >>> and that's "nightly news. everyone is working a little differently now. so we can still answer your calls. and we are m

richard engel, nbc news. >> you can see more of richard's reporting sunday night at 9:00 on msnbc. >>> up next a veteran on the road with a vital new mission during this pandemic i want you to meet an heroican . >>> every package arriving at >>> every package arriving at your doorstep is a reminder that vital parts of this economy are still rolling and literally in the driver's seats some american heroes who are going the extra mile out on america roads tonight, trucke like james rogers who is hauling critical supplies, illinois to salt lake city you'reupporting your untry. how does that feel that's the reason got back into the trucking dustry. >> reporter: an my veten in necall to servhanistan soldiers we're the when the country thisapned when it all cked off, we as drivers re there this is home on the road here. >> reporter: with his dog rgeant by s side, james driving over 130 les in less whilee's s. slping, gog to be spaghetti for me. >> reporter: with many places cled, james eats and sleeps in his truck. >> checkhis out. tting for bad it's >> reporter: staying healthy is constant

we will be back in 60 seconds with richard engel inside a country that has taken a radically different approach to this pandemic than much of the world, no lockdown at all what things look like there now. >>> across the country tonight, new efforts are under way to expand coronavirus testing as researchers warn more than half the states in the nation are doing nearly enough to safely reopen. here's nbc's gabe guiterrez. >> from new york to massachusetts to illinois, today busy testing sites around the country. new york city's mayor announced patients here would begin self swab testing bumping up the number of tests per hour. >> they go in to another room for privacy, and the patient takes something that is basically a sterile q-tip, and puts had that in their nose, they don't have to go way deep >> reporter: the latest results of the state's antibody testing program showed nearly 1 in 4 people in new york city tested positive for covid-19 antibodies. and as he stood in line cleveland manly told us his 95-year-old father and sister-in-law died from the virus >> we don't know who's got i

richard engel, nbc news. >> you can see more of richard's reporting sunday night at 9:00 on msnbc. >>> up next a veteran on the road with a vital new mission during this pandemic i want you to meet an american hero >>> every package arriving at your doorstep is a reminder that vital parts of this economy are still rolling and literally in the driver's seats some american heroes who are going the extra mile out on america's roads tonight, truckers like james rogers who is hauling critical supplies, soap and disinfectant from illinois to salt lak city you' supporting your country. how does that feel >> it feels good t back the reason i into the trucking industry. >> reporter: an army veteran in the war of afghanistan answering a new call to serve. >> to me w the soldie wh t country called when all this happened when it off, we as drivers we there this is home on the road here. >> reporte with hi dog sergeant by his de, jame driving over 1300 miles in les than8 hours. >> while he's sleepinggoing to be spaghetti for me. >> reporr: with so many places closed, jas eats and eeps in s truck.

here is richard engel. >> reporter: the race is on for a vaccine and mike, his doctors asked us not to use his last anytime to protect his privacy. he and 11 others were injected with a vaccine at a lab in kansas city >> i got a shot. so, we will see what happens. mike is a maintenance engineer and doing the trials he still lives at home with his family but under close medical observation for 28 weeks. your energy is good? >> yes, yes. >> reporter: the vaccine in mike's body is being produced by a pennsylvania based company. their approach is to inject part of the virus' dna code to fool our bodies into thinking we've been infected for real and start producing virus fighting antibodies. >> i think we're very optimistic in our vaccine's ability to be safe and potentially effective. >> reporter: the gate's foundation gave $5 million to support the research. >> they, you know, miracle therapeutic or the vaccine are the only thing that we'll be able to say okay, we're back to normal. >> reporter: mike told o be an early volunteer after a friend died. he thinks from covid-19 and to help his

is richard engel. >> reporter: tonight the world health organization pushed back after president trump suspended u.s. funding. >> we regret the decision of the president of the united states. >> reporter: the condemnation was far stronger from every major public health institute tracking the pandemic. bill gates calling it as dangerous as it sounds but president trump blasted the w.h.o. for banning travel bans and china's misinformation about the virus. >> it would have been so easy to be truthful and so much death has been caused by their mistakes. >> reporter: do you believe that the w.h.o. as president trump strongly suggests is in china's pocket >> i don't believe that they are u.n. diplomats and they are very reluctant to criticize companies because they know they need the money. >> reporter: chinese authorities secretly determined they were likely facing a pandemic on january 14th but kept silent for six days at that time allowing massive new years celebrations chinese officials deny a coverup. meanwhile, italy and spain are starting to ease out of lockdown reopening some stores

now moved to intensive care as doctors say his condition has worsened late word from richard engel. >>> dire shortages on the front lines. we go inside one of the hardest hit icus in the nation plus "the situation room" clash over the unproven drug president trump has repeatedly toted to treat covid-19 >>> holy week underway and houses of worship ahead of passover and easter. >> they would rather come to church and worship like free people than they had lived like prisoners. >> churches in a number of states still packed. >>> caring for a loved one showing symptoms, our kate snow, her personal story her husband quarantined in one part of the house. the struggle so many families are facing >>> and the surprise diagnosis. a bronx zoo tiger, the first animal in the u.s. to test positive what does it mean for your pets? >> announcer: this is "nbc nightly news" with lester holt. >>> good evening, everyone there is late word of the worsening condition of boris johnson now moved to the intensive care unit of a london hospital as he battles coronavirus. a major world leader now a face of a di

lester >> all right, richard engel in london tonight. thanks >>> and back home, a major push to speed up testing for a coronavirus antibodies tom costello now on why it could be the key on getting americans back to work >> reporter: it could be a game changer to protect front line paramedic said, doctors and nurses and maybe reopen the econy. a simple fingerprint blood test to determine whether someone has already been exposed to the coronavirus th or without symptoms, recovered and now has the antibodies >> that would mean that you were no longer contagious, and you can't catch the virus because you have the antibodies in your system, which means you can get to work, you can go back to school, you can do whatever you want. >> reporter: already new york state is ramping up production of the test kits similar efforts under way at stanford university and north carolina the results available in minutes >> and we're hoping that will ultimately get more insights for the health department of how it's being spread and what the true presence of

our chief foreign correspondent richard engel has the latest. richard, what do we know about his condition, and who's running the country? >> reporter: so british officials say that he was admitted to this intensive care unit earlier today. a surprise announcement. they had been just hours earlier assuring the public, assuring reporters that he was okay, but not giving a great deal of detail. then the announcement that he had been moved to an icu, that he arrived conscious, that he was not on a ventilator, and that he was still partially running the country but that he had critically deputized his foreign secretary to take responsibility, quote, where necessary. and one would assume that when you're in an icu, that would count as one of those times that is necessary. and we know the foreign secretary is going to be leading the coronavirus effort and is going to be chairing those meetings at least for the foreseeable future. so 10 downing street wanted to make sure that it was not an abdication, that he's not quitting his office, but that this was

>> richard engel tonight, thank you. >>> back home now to the coronavirus crisis. in america's nursing homes, over 9,000 deaths at more than 4,500 facilities. our kate snow now in a system already broken before the outbreak. >> reporter: the crisis is exposing systemic problems that predate this pandemic. >> i try not to get too choked up here. >> reporter: when scott's father ended up at gateway care and rehabilitation center in northern california, he had no >>> when scott's father ended up at gateway he had no idea it had been cited deficiencies in 2017 the last time he could get through to his dad was the day he tested positive for covid then the facility called >> my father passed away, you know, 15, 20 minutes earlier and they said, okay, you have one hour to get him out of here. >> one hour? >> one hour. it's like, okay, he's gone, get him out of here you have an hour >> the gateway center didn't return our calls. many nursing homes are doing all they can to protect and care for residents, but "the washington post" analyzed about 650 nursing homes with repor

. >>> another programming note, sunday night, richard engel, on sunday at 9:00 p.m. eastern here on msnbc. "the 11th hour" with brian williams begins now. >>> the manhattan bridge, the new york skyline of another stay-at-home week in new york city and elsewhere. good evening once again. day 1,177 of the trump administration. 200 days to go until the presidential election. the current president started this day wishing all americans a happy good friday. perhaps because of "the new york times" story last night saying republicans were trying to get the president to talk less every day, today's white house briefing went on for over two hours. the president said some of the coverage is fake news. he said today flatly, everyone has the ventilators they need. he said, we're in great shape in every way. he said at a certain point, it will be gone. it will be gone, he said, and it won't be much longer. he said there's not a lot of issues with testing, and we don't need full testing. he talked about, quote, the death numbers, the numbers of death. he said at one point, we're t

joining us is richard engel. richard, if we find this successful vaccine that next challenge is going to be scaling it up for mass use which is why in a lot of cases they're going to start scaling up even before they know whether it works. >> i just spoke with the ceo of astrazeneca. there is a group at oxford that is working toward a vaccine. they have begun human trials. the group at oxford university is confident that they will know if the current trials are the goal is to have 100 million doses by the end of this year. i asked him, well what if come this summer it proves that the research proves that vaccine is either unsafe or doesn't work or is otherwise flawed? he said well, then we'll just have to scrap the project and we'll rolling the dice and have to take that risk. but they are confident enough that it will work, that the preliminary results that they have so far are positive enough that they are going to -- that they're already going to start production. he said producing a large quantity of the liqui

. >>> when we come back, richard engel has done something many of us can't imagine doing right now. he got on a plane. we'll hear from him when we continue. what kind of world do you want to live in? i want people to wear what they want. i want to bring pride back to our communities. i want us to be free to talk about mental health. i want humanity to reconnect with nature. i want sustainable to be the solution not the alternative. make the world you want. you've got the power. we've got the tools. and now, take your online presence to the next level with the new godaddy websites plus marketing. >>> as our country grapples with when and how to reopen the country, which is still largely guesswork without testing, different countries around the world have approached re-emergence differently. during this time when most of us cannot imagine getting on a plane unless we absolutely had to, our chief foreign correspondent richard engel, who does not scare easily, just traveled within europe from london to stockholm and has a look at what's happening there. >> reporter: the uk is still most

. >>> when we come back, richard engel has done something many of us can't imagine doing right now. he got on a plane. we'll hear from him when we continue. - when i noticed my sister moving differently, i didn't know what was happening. she said it was like someone else was controlling her mouth. her doctor said she has tardive dyskinesia, which may be related to important medication she takes for her depression. her ankles would also roll and her toes would stretch out. i noticed she was avoiding her friends and family. td can affect different parts of the body. it may also affect people who take medications for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. she knows she shouldn't stop or change her medication, so we were relieved to learn there are treatment options for td. - if this sounds like you or someone you know, visit talkabouttd.com to sign up to receive a personalized doctor discussion guide to help start a conversation with your doctor about td. you'll also be able to access videos and a free brochure that show the different movements of td. visit talkabouttd.com or call to lear

get this wrong, it could have a far worse effect than even the coronavirus. >> that's for sure, richard engelme report willing on that. richard, thanks very much. >>> let me bring in. we got the two-minute warning on the briefing. i want to bring in dr. joseph fair. he's nbc news's viralologists these days. i want to pick up on the reporting. your experience in seeing vaccines to eradicate certain viruses, is it more likely this is going to be like a flu vaccine that you'll have to get yearly versus one that might eradicate covid-19 completely? >> to be honest, i don't really know. we really don't have any precedent for coronavirus vaccine, per se. the closest we've got, which was a vaccine produced outside of -- out of baylor for sars coronavirus, we can expect that there's going to be some lasting immunity to it. as richard says, we have no idea how long that immunity is going to be. approximately for half, if not more of the vaccines that we take, we require boosters actually or every other year, in some cases every ten years for that vaccine. it will depend on the vaccine and how it takes

joining me now, my colleague, nbc news chief foern correspondent richard engel. i feel like there's two ways to look at the boris johnson situation, right? number one, you would assume they would not be admitting him to the hospital unless they absolutely had to. they won be giving him an icu bed unless they absolutely had to. do you think they are underplaying the seriousness of this or are we being given the full story? >> so i spoke to one of boris johnson's associates, his former spokesman, and i asked him that very question. i said do you think that the government here would be more likely to move the prime minister because they're worried about his health and they would react quickly if he was showing any symptoms, any labored breathing, send him quickly to an icu, or would they slow it down, would they be reluctant to do it because of the seriousness of the matter, because of the messaging that it would send, that it might make the public nervous. and he said it would probably be the latter, that boris johnson himself would be reluctant to o go, that he is

richard engel's up next on "andrea mitchell reports" only on msnbc. there are times when our need to connect really matters. to keep customers and employees in the know. to keep business moving. comcast business is prepared for times like these. powered by the nation's largest gig-speed network. to help give you the speed, reliability, and security you need. tools to manage your business from any device, anywhere. and a team of experts - here for you 24/7. we've always believed in the power of working together. that's why, when every connection counts... you can count on us. >>> and now to europe, where the pandemic's hardest hit countries are beginning to lift their lockdowns. spain, for instance, allowing children to play outside again for the first time in six weeks, but only for an hour a day. the country also recording its lowest death toll in a month. but in stockholm, in sweden, a very different picture. the country continuing to stand alone in rejecting any lockdown, despite the outbreak. joining us now from stockholm, nbc news chief foreign c

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with us to talk about this is our chief foreign correspondent richard engel. richard, so many questions. mumps took four years. human trials, we keep getting told, can't be rushed. this country can't wait to get back to some semblance of normalcy, so how is it they think that by year's end they could have this up and running? >> so they're not waiting for the end of the research to begin manufacturing. so there is a gamble that this company is taking. it's a company called astrazeneca. i spoke to the ceo a short while ago and he said that even while the research at oxford university is still to be completed and the researchers there think that they will have test results by this summer, they are beginning manufacturing. they're beginning manufacturing immediately and on a massive scale. the ceo told me that they want to have by year's end 100 million doses ready. if the results prove to be negative and the vaccine is ineffective or dangerous or fails the trials in any way, then they dispose of them and they've lost that gamble. as you know, these drug companies

joining us now with new reporting on the hunt for a vaccine, nbc news chief foreign correspondent richard engelchard, what does this look like and is it reason for any optimism in the short term, or is the development of a vaccine a long-term operation? explain it to us. >> reporter: it depends on what you consider short term. in virus terms, in vaccine terms this is all incredibly short term. it can take decades to produce an effective vaccine and they are now talking about producing a vaccine in the next 12 to 18 months. some people are trying to do it even more quickly than that. just today in the uk where i am right now, a group at oxford university started their human trials, their clinical trials, and they say they're so confident that it's going to work that they want to have one out by september. now, that is the most publicly optimistic approach that we've heard. other companies are saying that it will take as long as it takes because they want to go through extensive safety checks. oxford university is also saying it wants to go through safety checks but expressing how confident they

joining me from stockholm, sweden, richard engel. , richard, are people still going out as much as they were? are they now taking it on themselves to isolate and stay home? >> oh, no. they are going out. you don't see it right now because it's just after 8:00 on a monday evening here. it got cold and rainy. and throughout downtown stockholm today, people have been out and they've been buying makeup and shoes and restaurants and cafes, bars, you name it. they are all open. not everything. maybe 75% of the shops are open. but public transport is running at a limited capacity. airlines are running at a limited capacity. schools are still open. and this is not that is just happening now as you said from the gik sweden adopted this approach. every country has had in a very revealing way a different strategy for this. china where the virus began initially denied it was a problem. silenced the whistle-blowers and then imposed a totalitarian crackdown. italy had a rolling start and tried to put in lockdowns. and then put in a total crackdown

with us to talk about this is our chief foreign correspondent richard engel. hard, for all those watching to whom this is not obvious, let's be truthful. the president is looking to distract and assign blame here. >> well, i just spoke with a former w.h.o. official and that is exactly what he told me. he said that the president is trying to find a scapegoat. that he is blaming the w.h.o. because now the virus has arrived in the united states and there are many, many critics domestically who say that president trump acted too quickly and acting quickly again to end the lockdown or to push for the lockdowns to end. and he's looking for someone else to blame. it's china. it's the w.h.o. it was initially the democrats who were hyping it and there were commentators that said it was a big hoax. w.h.o. official -- former w.h.o. official i spoke to a short while ago said this is nothing more than scapegoating for domestic consumption. he's not alone. there are universal criticism. the editor of a prestigious medical journal here in the u.k. called it a crime against hu

nbc news chief foreign correspondent richard engel joining us. richard, what are you seeing?> reporter: so, it is not all doom and gloom out there and those three countries, italy, france and spain are seeing encouraging signs. they are not saying this is over, that they have beat the coronavirus, but they are starting to be encouraged, at the very least. because italy, this weekend, reported its lowest death toll numbers for two weeks. spain, just a short while ago said for the fourth straight day, its death toll numbers are going down. and also reported that it has reached the lowest death toll numbers in almost two weekso th these three countries at least that all their hard work, all of the closures, all of the social distancing, may be paying off. but they are not taking their foot off the gas quite yet, the spanish government also just approved a request to extend the closures for three more weeks, because they don't want to have gone through so much economic pain and so much suffering in terms of hundreds of people in each country dying every single day just to see the

richard engel joins us live from stockholm this morning. hard, good to have you with us on the program. i know that you spoke to the top infectious disease doctor in sweden. is the swedish experiment a model of success or a disaster waiting to happen? >> reporter: well, it really depends on who you ask. but the policy so far has been very popular here in sweden. yes, i spoke to the equivalent of dr. fauci here this morning in sweden and he's the architect of this program, the architect of not really imposing many restrictions at all, just issuing guidelines and allowing the people to make decisions for themselves. restaurants are still open, shops are still open, businesses are still open. even things like art galleries are still open. but what people are being advised to do is not go and visit their elderly grandparents and they're trying to protect the vulnerable and leave most people alone. and they've been pursuing this policy from the very beginning. and it has had some impact on their economy. but not nearly the kind of devastating eff

nbc's richard engel looks into how the testing program has been so successful. >> reporter: here in the happening now all across europe, plans are starting to be rolled out or at the very least discussed on how to reopen the economy, how to relax some of the restrictions, how to get people back to work and out of their houses. but it is only come after extensive testing, social distancing, quarantines, and now i think we have enough perspective, enough time has passed and we can get a sense of which countries succeeded in fixing this problem, containing the problem at the very least, and which countries failed. and unfortunately, when you look at who did a good job and who did a bab jd job and passable j the united states at least on a federal level has not so far had a very good success rate. germany on the other hand, is being hailed as an example. and they struck on a few things and they reacted early and ultimately i think will go down in history as having handled this among the best nations in the world. germany with a large population a quarter of the u.s. found a three part formu

richard engel has late details now from london. >> reporter: british prime minister boris johnson tonight handed over duties as head of government where necessary to a deputy after being moved to an icu. >> business will continue and the prime minister is in safe hands. >> reporter: just hours earlier, johnson tweeted i'm not good spirits and keeping in touch with my team johnson had been in isolation at home after being diagnosed last month and took time to cheer health care workers outside ten downing street his fiancee pregnant with their first child is still there battling coronavirus symptoms days ago, the prime minister tweeted a video where he appeared unwell but said he was feeling better and urged people to follow his government's social distancing guidance. >> stay at home, protect the nhs and save lives. >> reporter: that was a change of heart just weeks before his diagnosis, johnson said he would not abide by social distancing. >> i continue to shake hands. >> reporter: the u.k. has been slower to react to the virus than many european countries. and officials here warn the wor

richard engel has been talking to researchers involved in the second trial. >> doctor working on a vaccine told me what they don't know is this a vaccine that will constantly have to be updated as the virus changes and potentially mutates? back at emory feels it. >> the pressure is on. especially from my parents, did you do it today? do you have a >> reporter: the volunteers are starting to receive their sound round of vaccine injections this week because the study seems to be going well, researchers are now opening the study up to elderly participants, as well. lester. >> tom costello, thanks. >>> coming up, as we continue an amazing recovery that has the whole neighborhood celebrating. . - communities of color have always been underrepresented in the u.s. census. let's change that. it's critical that you participate in the 2020 census to ensure fair funding for public services in your community. to participate, go to census.gov. >>> finally tonight a remarkable turn around for a family we introduced you to this month. here is rehema ellis with an inspiring update. >> reporter: it's the m

richard engel will join us with a new report about how they're able to do that. stay with us.ou're watching msnbc's special report "testing and the road to reopening." awesome internet. it's more than just fast. it keeps all your devices running smoothly. with built-in security that protects your kids... ...no matter what they're up to. it protects your info... ...and gives you 24/7 peace of mind... ...that if it's connected, it's protected. even that that pet-camera thingy. [ whines ] can your internet do that? xfinity xfi can because it's... ...simple, easy, awesome. [ barking ] >>> brian williams and nicolle wallace back with you. as we cross the top of the hour into what is normally "the 11th hour" broadcast, we're continuing our special coverage of the critical roles that testing and contact tracing will play in what is called reopening our country eventually. a number of states are eager to reopen amid troubling unemployment news. tomorrow the state of georgia will begin opening some businesses even though experts have warned it's too early and even though the president

now moved to intensive care as doctors say his condition has worsened late word from richard engel. > dire shortages on the front lines. we go inside one of the hardest hit icus in the nation plus "the situation room" clash over the unproven drug president trump has repeatedly toted to treat covid-19

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. >>> for now, let's bring in chief foreign correspondent richard engel. richard is in london. had an hour-long special on msnbc about a coronavirus pandemic, and there is another one playing this weekend. good morning. tell us more about what you're looking into for this weekend's special. >> reporter: so the first special was about the virus itself. what is this coronavirus? it was pretty new at the time. where is it going? how is it spreading? how bad could it be? this one looks at the societal impact. the closures, the economic impact. because this isn't just a health crisis. this is really an everything crisis. it impacts how we live, how we interact with our families, stress. it is also revealing. because, like any crisis, that reveals something about ourselves. certain people rise to a challenge, and certain people crumble. it shows how societies are reacting. certain countries have done tremendously well, pulled together. other countries, and unfortunately united states is in the category, have been flailing somewhat. so this looks at the broader scope of the project. o

richard engel in stoke homckhol interesting. appreciate it. mika?former surgeon general, author of "together, the healing power of human connection in a sometimes lonely world." as if you predicted exactly what the title of this book should be a year ago, or whenever you came up with it, now it is incredible, the timing. i want to ask you about the book. first, i want to ask you, as former u.s. surgeon general, the social distancing guidelines that we are right now ensuring, executing here in the united states, do you see these going away any time soon? i'm talking about wearing masks, handshakes, businesses that require physical touching, gyms, salons, spas, do you see that getting back to normal any time soon, and i mean soon as in months? >> thanks, mika. it is good to be on with you. the social distancing measures that you mentioned, these have really transformed society. people are making extraordinary sacrifices right now, to make sure they're following these rules. i think we will see a time where we can relax these rules to some extent. they